在审题时，请记住，一定要首先阅读问题，因为这可以让你立刻清楚这是一道什么类型的题，然后迅速回忆解题方法，按照解题方法在原文中寻找答案。本篇文章将仅提供weaken和strengthen类提醒的解题方法，其他类型将在后续篇幅中讲解。
一、
Weaken题和Strengthen题结构一样，解题方法亦相同。
1)Weaken题，就是让你回答：5个答案中哪个可以最有效对抗原文的论述;Strengthen题则相反：5个答案中哪个可以最有效支持原文的论述。
2)逻辑原文通常是由前提和结论组成，那么最有效对抗或支持原文论述的方法，就是反对或支持前提。一旦前提不能成立，那么结论则随之土崩瓦解了。而这两种题型，我们只要找到原文中的前提和结论，就能够顺利地找到攻击点——前提，然后设计答案攻击他即可。
(详情请看 GMAT逻辑削弱题和加强题的联系 )
二、GMAT逻辑两种题型一种解法举例分析
如前所述，在阅读例题时，我个人专注于寻找原文中的因果关系，即“因为和所以”，不考虑其真正的逻辑关系如何(即使是并列关系，在我看来也可以表达为因果)。如感觉不适，请更改为“前提和结论”。
例一：
An investigation must be launched into the operations of the private group that is training recruits to fight against the Balaland Republic. The U.S. Neutrality Act plainly forbids US citizens from engaging in military campaigns against any nation with which we are not at war. Since no war has been declared between the United States and the Balaland Republic, we should bring charges against these fanatics, who are in open defiance of the law.
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument above?
首先，读题干，知道这是weaken题。请立刻在脑海中想到答案就是最有效“反对”前提(后文均用“因为”代替)的一个。按此思路，我们就要找到“因为”。
原文的意思：
因为——某团体组织人在非战时进行对抗B国的军事训练;并且，法律禁止美国公民在非战争状态下参与对他国的军事对抗行为;
所以——该组织应被调查和指控。
思路：
我们要反对“因为”，那么答案一定要对“因为”的内容进行质疑。由于这里的“因为”有两句，所以为我们筛选质疑哪个“因为”增加了难度。但实际上，我们要质疑的不是法律，所以，第二个因为就可以排除在答案之外。因此，你就要去在5个选项中找存在对第一个因为产生质疑的选项。
答案：
a. The Balaland Republic is currently engaged in a bloody and escalating civil war.
b. Diplomatic relation between US and Balaland were severed last year.
c. The recruits are being trained to fight only in the event the US goes to war against Balaland.
d. The training of recruits is funded not by US citizens, but rather by a consortium of individuals from abroad.
e. Charges cannot be brought against the private group that is training the recruits unless an investigation is first launched.
很显然，c恰好是用“该团体只是训练人员已备战时使用，并非是在非战争状态下对B国进行军事对抗”反对了第一个因为，所以直接选择就好了。
当然，我们最好也去看一下其他选项，以防备自己的疏漏。a \b选项不能质疑，反而使支持，c在文章中没提到，e和第一个因为不相干。而且原文第一句就说了是investigation，并没有错。因此，只有c正确。
例二：
The extent to which a society is really free can be gauged by its attitude toward artistic expression. Freedom of expression can easily be violated in even the most outwardly democratic of societies. When a government arts council withholds funding fro m a dance performance that its members deem “obscene,” the voices of a few bureaucrats have in fact censored the work of the choreographer, thereby committing the real obscenity of repression.
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument above?
第二道weaken题，首先读题干，知道要攻击“因为”。
原文的意思：
因为——对艺术表达的态度决定了社会是否真正自由(态度不好决定了社会不自由);政府抽回舞蹈演出资金是态度不好，
所以——社会不自由。
思路：我们要反对“因为”，就可以从以上两个“因为”入手，答案中凡是质疑其中之一的就是正确答案。
答案：为“Failing to provide financial support for a performance is not the same as actively preventing or inhibiting it.”
例三：
The local high school students have been clamoring for the freedom to design their own curricula. Allowing this would be as disastrous as allowing 3-year-olds to choose their own diet. These students have neither the maturity nor the experience to equal that of the professional educators now doing the job.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?
本题是strengthen题，首先读题干，要支持“因为”。
原文的意思：
因为——学生不成熟，没经验。
所以——让学生自己选课就像让儿童自己选菜一样行不通。
思路：我们要支持“因为”，因此，答案中支持“学生不成熟，没经验”的选项正确。
答案：为“The ability to design good curricula develops only after years of familiarity with educational life.”
(详情请看 GMAT逻辑练习题)
GMAT逻辑中的削弱题和加强题这两种题型有很大的相似之处，不论是从出题的角度和答案选择的方向来看都是如此。更详细的内容请参考小编之前分享的两种题型单独的视频讲解。
相关推荐: