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SECTION 3 Questions 21-30
Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
Study on Gender in Physics
21 The students in Akira Miyake‘s study were all majoring in
A physics.
B psychology or physics.
C science, technology, engineering or mathematics.
22 The aim of Miyake’s study was to investigate
A what kind of women choose to study physics.
B a way of improving women’s performance in physics.
C whether fewer women than men study physics at college.
23 The female physics students were wrong to believe that
A the teachers marked them in an unfair way.
B the male students expected them to do badly.
C their test results were lower than the male students’.
24 Miyake’s team asked the students to write about
A what they enjoyed about studying physics.
B the successful experiences of other people.
C something that was important to them personally.
25 What was the aim of the writing exercise done by the subjects?
A to reduce stress
B to strengthen verbal ability
C to encourage logical thinking
26 What surprised the researchers about the study?
A how few students managed to get A grades
B the positive impact it had on physics results for women
C the difference between male and female performance
27 Greg and Lisa think Miyake’s results could have been affected by
A the length of the writing task.
B the number of students who took part.
C the information the students were given.
28 Greg and Lisa decide that in their own project, they will compare the effects of
A two different writing tasks.
B a writing task with an oral task.
C two different oral tasks.
29 The main finding of Smolinsky’s research was that class teamwork activities
A were most effective when done by all-women groups.
B had no effect on the performance of men or women.
C improved the results of men more than of women.
30 What will Lisa and Greg do next?
A talk to a professor
B observe a science class
C look at the science timetable
SECTION 4 Questions 31-40
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
Ocean Biodiversity
Biodiversity hotspots
areas containing many different species
important for locating targets for 31 __________
at first only identified on land
Boris Worm, 2005
identified hotspots for large ocean predators, e.g. sharks
found that ocean hotspots:
were not always rich in 32 __________
had higher temperatures at the 33 __________
had sufficient 34 __________ in the water
Lisa Ballance, 2007
looked for hotspots for marine 35 __________
found these were all located where ocean currents meet
Census of Marine Life
found new ocean species living:
under the 36 __________
near volcanoes on the ocean floor
Global Marine Species Assessment
want to list endangered ocean species, considering:
population size
geographical distribution
rate of 37 __________
Aim: to assess 20,000 species and make a distribution 38 __________ for each one
Recommendations to retain ocean biodiversity
increase the number of ocean reserves
establish 39 __________ corridors (e.g. for turtles)
reduce fishing quotas
catch fish only for the purpose of 40 __________
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