托福听力中有哪些常犯错误需要注意!

2022-05-29 11:22:03

  

  一、原文信息漏听

  这是比较常见的一种错误原因,在听音过程中,由于种种原因导致考点细节漏听,种种原因可能包括:

  1.听音基础不好,比如单词量少,语法差导致各种听不懂

  2.由于听力材料语速较快,思路跟不上语速

  3.由于外界干扰走神儿或者习惯性注意力不集中

  解决方法:

  1.做听写、背单词、学语法提升基础听音能力

  2.做跟读模仿提升信息处理速度

  做连续听音练习提升听音耐力或做抗干扰练习,比如做听力时,同时播放英文电视广播等

  二、选项中的单词不认识

  选项中的单词不认识直接导致选项无法正常翻译理解。

  举个例子:

  Why does the professor discuss refugia? (Click on 2 answers)

  A. To explain that the location of coralwithin a reef affects the coral's ability to survive

  B. To point out why some coral species aremore susceptible to bleaching than others

  C. To suggest that bleaching is not asdetrimental to coral health as first thought

  D. To illustrate the importance of studyingcoral that has a low vulnerability of bleaching

  这道题B选项中的susceptible,C选项中的detrimental,D选项中的vulnerability很多同学不认识,不知其意,所以在选择答案时出现困难。

  解决方式:

  课后通过单词书大量积累词汇,做题时在文章中和选项中积累生词,形成自己的生词本。

  三、选项翻译错误

  由于对句子成分辨识不清,导致翻译出错。

  举个例子:

  What point do the speakersmake about the background of The Dreamer?

  A. It is a good example ofBeaux's unusual style of brushstroke.

  B.It resembles the backgrounds ofother Beaux portraits.

  C.Its lack of clarity emphasizesthe theme of the painting.

  D.It is meant to suggest thatthe woman is in a dark room.

  这道题的正确答案为C,正确翻译是:缺少清晰度的背景强调了这幅画的主题

  很多同学把这句话中的lack看成了谓语动词,翻译成:背景没有清晰的强调这幅画的主题,和正确的翻译截然相反,导致选错。

  解决方法:

  仔细研究语法,确定好词性和句子成分。

  四、形近词看错

  由于把选项中的形近词看混,或者把某个词看成另外一个形近词,导致理解错误。

  举个例子:

  What is the lecture mainly about?

  A.The environmental effects of heap roasting

  B. The reforestation efforts in the Copper Basin

  C. The process of mining and producing copper

  D. Damages caused during an attempt to clean up industrial waste

  有部分同学把AB选项中的effect和effort看混,或者把B选项中的reforestation看成deforestation,导致理解的意思截然不同,所以选错。

  解决方法:

  仔细审题审选项,二次检查。

  五、没有关注单词复数

  在内容主旨题中,做主语的名词的单复数有截然不同的意义,如果是复数名词则意味着这篇讲座必须讲解多个事物或者从多角度多方面讲解某个事物,如果此篇讲座只讲解了单一事物或一个方面,则复数选项为错,很多同学没有仔细关注单复数的变化,导致选错。

  举个例子:

  What are the speakers mainly discussing?

  A. An architect from the United States and a house design she created

  B. The disadvantage of houses based on a square design

  C. Difficulties faced by residential architects in the nineteenth century

  D. Women who had a major influence on architecture in the United States

  这道题的正确答案为A,很多同学选D,D选项的主语是women,而这篇讲座只讲了一个女建筑师的事情,所以排除D。

  解决方法

  仔细辨识单复数结合原文综合思考。

  六、由于某个关键词而选择该答案

  托福听力陷阱选项中有一种迷惑型极强的选项,里面包含了原文中的某些关键词,但是整句话做了细节篡改导致似是而非,有些同学由于只看到关键词而没有仔细翻译整个选项的意思就做出选择导致选错。

  举个例子:

  What characteristic of no to the nioids helps them survive in subfreezing temperatures?

  A. They maintain an unusually high body temperature.

  B. A special tissue in their eyes enables them to see through ice.

  C. Special proteins make their blood circulate too fast to freeze.

  D. Ice crystals in their bodies are prevented from growing large enough to harm them.

  这道题原文中的表述是no to the nioids这种南极鱼由于体内有某种蛋白质导致它们能在零度以下的水温里生存,很多同学看到C选项中的proteins直接选择了改答案,但是整句话中对proteins的解释和原文是不符的,是典型的细节迷惑型选项,正确答案为D,对proteins的正确解释。

  解决方法:

  了解这种细节迷惑型选项的普遍存在性,注意解题时精确思考避让。

  七、对题型的解题思路不熟

  由于对题型的解题思路理解不透彻,不遵守,主观排除正确答案。

  举个例子:

  What had the man assumed about human impact on the environment?

  A. That human impact on the environment is difficult to measure

  B. That humans have only recently had an impact on the environment

  C. That human impact on the environment is always harmful

  D. That human impact on the environment cannot be avoided

  这道题正确答案是C,很多同学认为C选项的描述过于绝对或者不符合事实所以直接主观排除,但是这道题的题干是一道转述型细节题,即问的是文中的男生过去认为人类对环境的影响是什么情况?C选项确实是原文中男生的想法。

  解决方法

  仔细研究托福听力部分的7种题型,遵守相应的解题原则。

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