Section1
Conversation-1
Q1 Why does the student go to speak with the woman?
A. To get permission to organize a club event.
B. To arrange for a work space for his club.
C. To inquire about a photography class.
D. To reserve a room for photography exhibit.
答案：B
解析：(原文中)Well, I am stopping by to reserve a place for my school club that meet and work, pretty much on a regular basis. Ideally, our preference would be to have our own office.
可看出，学生的目的是arrange for a work space for his club.
Q2 What is the student's attitude toward the room he is offered?
A. He thinks that sharing a room is a good way to find out about other clubs.
B. He considers a semiprivate room to be acceptable.
C. He is concerned that there will not be enough storage space in a semiprivate room.
D. He is surprised that there are not enough private rooms for all the clubs.
答案：B
解析：(原文中)employee：Hmm…well, we are out of private offices. But we do have some semi-private options still available.
Student：Um. We’ll work with that then. I wouldn’t want to be without an office.
说明学生是可以接受semiprivate的。
Q3 Why does the woman ask the student for an approval letter?
A. All new clubs must submit an approval letter to the student activities center.
B. She needs it to request funding for the club on his behalf.
C. She needs proof that the new club has a faculty advisor.
D. The approval letter can serve as verification of the club's registration.
答案：D
解析：(原文中)Assistant: Do you have the registration approval letter from the committee?That would give verification I need.
registration approval letter是作为verification的。
Q4 Near the end of the conversation, what does the student indicate he will have to do?
A. Retrieve a letter from his dormitory room
B. Reschedule some club events
C. Ask a committee to review his registration
D. Pay a registration fee to start a new club
答案：A
解析：(原文中)Yeah. I do. I mean, well, I don’t have it with me. But … I… I, uh, can get it from my dorm room, bring it back with me and submit it with those forms you need from me.
说明他要去拿信回来。
Q5 For what activity does the student consider requesting funding?
A. Designing a club Web site
B. Reserving audio-visual equipment
C. Sponsoring a guest speaker
D. Setting up a campus e-mail account
答案：C
解析：(原文中)Student: Well, we are definitely interested in hiring a professional speaker at one of our campus events at some point in the semester. And speakers almost always charge a fee. So I’ll definitely follow up on that.
所以这个学生认为speaker需要funding。
Lecture-1
Q6 What is the lecture mainly about ?
A. The difference between cognition and metacognition
B. A study showing that dolphins have less cognitive capacity than monkeys
C. The effectiveness of using food as a reward in experiments with monkeys
D. Research that investigates whether animals are aware of feeling uncertainty
答案：D
解析：教授讲了猴子和海豚也许会有metacognition，也就是 feel uncertainty。通过海豚和猴子的实验证明这个结论，但不是把猴子和海豚拿去对比。
Q7 Why does the professor mention the inability of animals to report what they are thinking ?
A. To emphasize that language learning is an ability unique to humans
B. To explain why researchers must be sensitive to nuances in animals' behavior
C. To point out a difficulty in testing for metacognition in animals
D. To show the need for advancements in the study of animal communication
答案：C
解析：(原文中)Researchers have long been interested in whether animals possess this capability, but…but couldn’t test it because animals aren’t able to report their feelings. 因为不能report their feelings，所以没有办法test it。
Q8 In the dolphin study, how did the researcher make the dolphin's task increasingly difficult ?
A. By showing the dolphin two patterns that were similar in density
B. By playing two sounds that became progressively closer in pitch
C. By producing sounds that were just within the dolphins' range of hearing
D. By introducing a third paddle that ended on trial an began a new one
答案：B
解析：(原文中)The closer we came in pitch to the first one, the harder will be for the dolphin to correctly identify as it lower.
这些比较说明是通过逐渐改变pitch来实现难度增加的。
Q9 According to the professor, what objections did some researchers raise with regard to the dolphin study?
A. The study did not distinguish between learned and higher-level responses.
B. The dolphin was not rewarded consistently for pressing the third paddle.
C. Only one dolphin was used in the experiment.
D. The results could not be replicated in a later study.
答案：A
解析：(原文中)But there was a problem, other researchers protested that the response is simply a learned or conditioned response. 对应 A项。
Q10 What can be inferred from the results of the study in which monkeys did not
receive immediate feedback?
A. The researchers based the study on an incorrect hypothesis.
B. Monkeys respond best to negative reinforcement.
C. Monkeys become confused when they do not receive rewards.
D. Monkeys probably have some degree of metacognitive ability.
答案：D
解析：(原文中)But the monkeys had no way to tell which reward or punishment was associated with which response. And they didn’t get either reward or punishment for choosing the pass option, the…um…the uncertainty response… And this is evidence that it wasn’t a conditioned response.
猴子的反应并不仅仅是condition response，所以这个实验说明猴子也许可以感觉到不确定性。
Q11 Why does the professor say this?重听题
A. To emphasize the importance of introductory courses
B. To find out whether students have taken a psychology course
C. To imply that students should be familiar with the concept she mentioned
D. To indicate that she is going to review information from a psychology class
答案：C
解析：(原文中)You remembered intro to psychology right?
说明教授觉得既然是基础课学过的，大家都应该知道。
Lecture-2
Q12 What does the professor mainly discuss?
A. How the parenting behavior of Oviraptors may have differed from that of other dinosaurs
B. Evidence that parenting behavior in birds may have originated with dinosaurs
C. Physical traits shared by dinosaurs, crocodiles, and birds
D. The changing attitudes of the public toward dinosaurs
答案：B
解析：(原文中)We’ve been looking at dinosaurs parenting behavior .
与这个topic Sentence相关的只有B项。
Q13 What is the professor's attitude toward the name "Obiraptor" ? Click on 2 answers.
A. It accurately represents the behavior of the dinosaur
B. It resulted from an incorrect translation of the original Latin term
C. It was based on a misunderstanding of the fossil evidence
D. It influenced popular attitudes toward dinosaurs
答案：CD
解析：(原文中)He assumed the dinosaur was stealing the eggs, so he named it Oviraptor that means egg thief in Latin, which fueled the generally negative public image of such dinosaurs....the oviraptor was probably taking care of the eggs.分别对应文中的C和D选项。
Q14 According to the professor, what behavior is very rare among reptiles?
A. Parenting of the young by males
B. Laying eggs in a nest
C. Returning to the same nest site year after year
D. Stealing eggs from the nests of other reptiles
答案：A
解析：Well, exclusive care by the male parent is much less common, but it dose
occur......males contribute to parental care in fewer than 5% ...... It is even less
frequent on reptiles. 说明由父亲看护孩子很少见。
Q15 What does the professor imply about crocodiles ?
A. They provide fewer clues about dinosaur nesting behavior than birds do.
B. They share many behavioral characteristic with birds like the ostrich and kiwi.
C. They have larger clutch volumes than most dinosaurs had.
D. The female and the male work together to guard their nest.
答案：A
解析：教授推测鸟类的行为是源于恐龙，而鳄鱼是只有females看护巢穴，所以
鸟类与恐龙相似之处更多。
Q16 What is the function of the spongy tissue in the bones of a female bird?
A. In makes the bird more comfortable while sitting on her eggs for long periods of time.
B. In enables female birds to lay more eggs.
C. It strengthens the bird's bones just before she lays her eggs.
D. It serves as a source of calcium for eggshells.
答案：D
解析：(原文中)This spongy tissues serves as a source of calcium for eggshell formation. 故正确答案为D选项。
Q17 What did researchers conclude after analyzing fossilized dinosaur bones found near nests?
A. Many dinosaurs died before they became adults.
B. Male dinosaurs produced a spongy layer of bone.
C. Male dinosaurs probably took care of the eggs.
D. Female dinosaurs seldom went far from their nests.
答案：C
解析：(原文中)Professor: But when the dinosaur fossils were examined, there were no spongy bone deposits…And interestingly, they also show a consistent pattern of nest care by the male.
教授说巢边的恐龙骨化石并没有spongy tissue，也就是大部分是males。由此推测males可能在take care babies。
Section 2
Conversation 2
Q18 What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. The student’s idea about his class assignments
B. The influence of one painter on another
C. The student’s recent visit to museum in Connecticut
D. The challenges associated with painting at night
答案:A
解析:从整个 conversation 来看，教授和学生在讨论 paper 的主题，与 A 对应。
Q19 Why is the student unable to write about the painting by Van Gogh?
A. It is not on the list of approved paintings that the professor provided.
B. It is not available for the student to study in person.
C. The student does not have enough background knowledge to write about it.
D. Another student has already chosen to write about it.
答案:B
解析:(原文中)student: When I went to the museum to look at the actual painting, like you told me to. It wasn’t there.
当学生去 museum 去看 Van Gogh 的画作时，画作不在了，所以与 B 对应。
Q20 What does the student say about the painting by Millet?
A. It seemed brighter than he expected.
B. It is on loan to a distant museum.
C. It is his favorite painting.
D. It is located near his family’s house.
答案:D
解析：(原文中)tudent: Millet’s painting is located near my family in Connecticut.对应 D。
Q21 According to the speakers, what two features do the Van Gogh painting and the Millet painting have in common? (Click on 2 answers)
A. They have the same name.
B. They exemplify Postimpressionist style
C. They depict a nighttime scene with a lot of light
D. They depict the same star constellation.
答案:AC
解析:Not just the name. The most striking shared feature has got to be the amazing light effects.
不仅名字相同，light effects也是共同的特点。
Q22 What does the professor imply about the objects held by children in some American miniature portraits?
A. They increase the value of the portraits
B. They reveal historical attitudes.
C. They are difficult to analyze.
D. They were often depicted larger than their actual size.
答案:B
解析: (原文中)The attributes chosen to be included in a particular miniature was often meant to communicate parents’ hopes and dreams for their child. So I think you’ll learn a lot about how people viewed children at the time the miniature paintings were done.对应B选项。
Lecture-3
Q23 What is the lecture mainly about?
A. Evidence proving that water was once on Mars
B. Scientific analyses currently being done on mineral samples from Mars
C. Recent developments that could help determine whether life ever existed on Mars
D. An approach to determining whether amino acids on Earth originated on Mars
答案:C
解析:(原文中)There’s been a lot of talk recently about life on Mars, at the level of microorganisms anyway, mainly because of a few important discoveries and inventions.
教授说最近有很多关于火星生命的讨论, mainly because a few important inventions and discoveries，对应 C。
Q24 What was discovered on Mars that suggests water once existed there?
A. Microorganisms that can form only in the presence of water.
B. A mineral that can form only in the presence of water.
C. Proteins that have the same structure as proteins found on Earth.
D. Large deposits of iron and potassium that can form only in the presence of water.
答案:B
解析:(原文中)The interesting thing is that on Earth at least it needs highly acidic water to form. So we’ve got water or had it at one point.
2004 年 在火星上发现了 jarosite，又说这种物质需要 high acidic water to form，这间接说明火星上可能有水。
Q25 How might jarosite found on Mars differ from jarosite found on Earth?
A. Mars jarosite and Earth jarosite might have been created by different processes.
B. Mars jarosite might have been formed without water.
C. Mars jarosite might not contain as much iron or potassium as Earth jarosite.
D. Mars jarosite might be more acidic than Earth jarosite.
答案:A
解析:教授说地球上 jarosite 的形成需要生物参与，又说明 jarosite 的形成不一 定非要有生命，所以地球上的这种物质形成的过程与火星上的可能不一致。
Q26 According to the professor, what are two important capabilities of the microfabricated organic analyzer? (Click on 2 answers)
A. It can accurately test for the presence of water.
B. It can analyze soil samples without returning them to Earth.
C. It can return soil samples back to Earth quickly.
D. It can determine the handedness of amino acids.
答案:BD
解析:(原文中)It will be able to collect soil samples and analyze them right there on Mars, pure, untouched samples.对应B;又说他的主要任务是看土壤里的氨基酸，it test not just the presence of amino acids, but also for its handedness.对应 D。
Q27 What point does the professor make about the twenty amino acids that occur on proteins on Earth?
A. They can be either right-handed or left-handed.
B. They were synthesized through abiotic processes.
C. They all have a crystalline structure.
D. They are all left-handed.
答案:D 解析:(原文中)Because the organisms that created them would be unlike anything we have on Earth, which produce only left-handed ones.
教授明确提到地球上构成蛋白质的氨基酸都是左手分子。
Q28 What would a prevalence of right-handed amino acids in mineral samples collected on Mars indicate?
A. That amino acids on Mars probably originated on Earth
B. That amino acids existed on Mars long before they existed on Earth
C. That a type of microorganism may have existed on Mars that is different from any on Earth
D. That left-handed amino acids are probably present in some minerals on Mars
答案:C
解析:因为地球上的生物都是左手分子，所以地球上的大部分氨基酸是左手手性， 那么如果火星上的氨基酸是右手分子，火星上的生命也是右手分子，这样火星上的生命可能与地球的完全不同。
Lecture 4
Q29 What does the professor mainly discuss?
A. Musical genres that feature the electric guitar
B. Technological advances that made electric guitar possible.
C. The popularity of rock-roll music
D. The evolution of the electric guitar
答案:D
解析:教授主要是讨论 guitar 的发展与改进，对应 D。
Q30 What does the professor say about the sailors who were stationed in Hawaii after the Spanish-American War?
A. They helped popularize steel guitar music among the people of Hawaii.
B. They were among the first to play the steel guitar in musical groups.
C. They introduced the steel guitar to the mainland United States.
D. They altered the second of the steel guitar by redesigning its slide.
答案:C
解析:(原文中) Uh, Hawaiian music was based on the steel guitar I just described. Some sailors learned how to play the steel guitar and brought it home to the States. 对应 C。
Q31 Why does the professor mention that the steel guitar was played horizontally?
A. To show how it influenced musical styles such as jazz and blues
B. To explain one way of distorting the sound of a guitar
C. To emphasize the versatility of acoustic guitars
D. To explain the need to amplify the sound of acoustic guitars
答案:D
解析:(原文中)Since the strings faced upward, the sound was projected toward the ceiling rather than outward toward the audience. Something had to be done.
因为这种情况，guitar 的声音是向上发出的,而不是对着观众,这就解释了为什么要改进。
Q32 What distinguished Les Paul’s guitar from electric guitars that preceded it?
A. It had a solid body.
B. It was played with a sliding steel rod.
C. It relied on distortion to create special effects.
D. It projected sound toward the audience rather than the ceiling.
答案:A
解析:(原文中)He designed a guitar with a solid body that relied solely on electronics. Paul’s solid body eliminated the vibrations, and thus the distortions.
文中在描述 Paul 是第一句就提到 It had a solid body.
Q33 What can be inferred about the woman who mentioned Jimi Hendrix?
A. She previously did not understand the significance of Les Paul’s contribution to the development of electric guitar.
B. She enjoys listening to music played on an electric guitar more than the professor does.
C. She prefers listening to electric guitar music that is played with no distortion or special effects.
D. She is convinced that Hendrix’s style was influenced by Les Paul’s guitar design.
答案:A
解析:(原文中)Excuse me. But when I think of electric guitar music, I think of Jimi Hendrix.
女生说一提到 Rock & Roll 她先想到 jimi，暗示她可能并不知道 Paul。
Q34 What does the professor mean when he states that Jimi Hendrix’s reinvented the electric guitar?
A. Hendrix simplified the guitar design to make it easier to play.
B. Hendrix discovered and corrected defects in previous guitar designs.
C. Hendrix redesigned the guitar to make it louder.
D. Hendrix manipulated the guitar to create a distinctive sound.
答案:D
解析:(原文中)But Hendrix’s style really was all about distortion, that’s what’s so great about his music, all those special effects.
Jimi 的音乐风格就是 distortion,对应了 distinctive sounds