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Conversation-1
Q1 What does the woman go to the information desk?
A.She does not know where the library computers are located.
B.She does not know how to use a computer to locate the information she needs.
C.She does not have time to wait until a library computer becomes available.
D.The book she is looking for was missing from the library shelf.
答案： B
解析：
(原文中)Girl: Where do I go besides the computers to look for a book on New Zealand?
Assistant: Ok, you mean you don’t want to use the computer?
G: Well, I haven’t had any look on the computer area.
A: OK, I mean the reason I am asking is that you pretty much have to go the computer area to find where a book is. But I am can help you on the computer if you like.
G: That will be great!
从女生的语气中看出她想找一本书，但是没找到，所以请求library assistant 的帮助
Q2 Why does the man assume that the woman is in Professor Simpson’s class?
A.The man recently saw the woman talking with Professor Simpson.
B.The woman mentioned Professor Simpson’s name.
C.The woman is carrying the textbook used in Professor Simpson’s class.
D.The woman is researching a subject that Professor Simpson specializes in.
答案：D
解析：
(原文中)Assistant: He’s a volcano expert so I thought he might be teaching your class. 女生要找火山相关的书，而这个教授正好是火山方面的专家，因此图书管理员猜测女生可能是这个教授的学生。
正确可以直接推断出答案为D。
Q3 What can be inferred about the geology course the woman is taking?
A.It has led the woman to choose geology as her major course of study.
B.It is difficult to follow without a background in chemistry and physics.
C.The woman thinks it is easier than other science courses.
D.The woman thinks the course is boring.
答案：C
解析：
(原文中)Assistant: So, are you geology major?
Girl: Partly.
Assistant: Let me guess. You have to take a n science course and you don’t want to deal with biology, chemistry or physics.
Girl: exactly!
根据听力原文据此推断，女生认为不得不选一门科学课程，但是她不想选biology, chemistry 和physics这三科，因此可以推断女生认为geology比这assistant提到的三个科目都简单。
Q4 What topic does the woman need information on?
A.The recent activity of a volcano in New Zealand.
B.Various types of volcanoes found in New Zealand.
C.All volcanoes in New Zealand that are still active.
D.How people in New Zealand have prepared for volcanic eruptions.
答案：A
解析：
女生提到要查 Volcano Ruaephu，就是一个特定的火山，而非全部的新西兰火山，因此正确答案为A。
Q5 What does the man imply about the article when he says this: 重听题
A.It may not contain enough background material.
B.It is part of a series of articles.
C.It might be too old to be useful.
D.It is the most recent article published on the subjects.
答案：C
解析：
重听题：Is that okay do you think?
图书管理员说他这说是2001年的资料，还有用吗么?言下之意就是(Is that okay do you think?)他assistant担心这个资料太老了，已经不适合了。
Lecture-1
Q6 What is the lecture mainly about?
A.The transplantation of young coral to new reef sites.
B.Efforts to improve the chances of survival of coral reefs.
C.The effects of temperature change on coral reefs.
D.Confirming the reasons behind the decline of coral reefs.
答案：B
解析：
(原文中)There are several techniques being employed today that could prove useful ensuring the future of the reefs.
这就是lecture的topic sentence 根据它他可以来确定本文的主旨为B选项。
Q7 According to the professor, how might researches predict the onset of coral bleaching in the future?
A.By monitoring populations of coral predators.
B.By monitoring bleach-resistant coral species.
C.By monitoring sea surface temperatures.
D.By monitoring degraded reefs that have recovered.
答案：C
解析：
(原文中)Coral is very sensitive to water temperature..........One future possibility is that improved monitoring can help predict when and where bleaching occur.
Monitor只提到了water temperature monitor，所以可以确定 第二句的monitor指的是水温，只有C项是正确的什么。
Q8 What is the professor’s opinion about coral transplantation?
A.It is cost-effective.
B.It is long-term solution.
C.It is producing encouraging results.
D.It does not solve the underlying problems.
答案：D
解析：
教授的话中，出现了 could only be used as the last result, costly, even if it is successful, it still fails to address the ongoing problem.
所以选项应该是负面的，D项中的underlying 是ongoing 的同义替换最后一句与答案对应。
Q9 Why does the professor discuss refugia? Click on 2 answers.
A.To explain that the location of coral within a reef affects the coral’s ability to survive
B.To point out why some coral species are more susceptible to bleaching than others
C.To suggest that bleaching is not as detrimental to coral health as first thought
D.To illustrate the importance of studying coral that has a low vulnerability to bleaching
答案：AD
解析：
(原文中)Refugia are areas on the reef that are seemingly, well resistant to bleaching. See, when coral reefs experience bleaching, it’s rarely a case of the whole reef being affected…. Now, we have evidence that corals in these locations are able to escape the destructive bleaching that affects portions of the reef in shallower or warmer water. So in my mind, it’s these refugia that are the key components of overall reef resilience.
Refugia 这个东西 resistant to bleaching，与D项对应。 然后教授提到是 key points of overall resilience, 那前面就是是解释这些refugia为什么是关键的原因。
Q10 What does the professor imply about the impact of mangrove forests on coral-reef ecosystems?
A.Mangrove forests provide habitat for wildlife that feed on coral predators.
B.Mangrove forests improve the water quality of nearby reefs.
C.Mangrove forests can produce sediments that pollute coral habitats.
D.Mangrove forests compete with nearby coral reefs for certain nutrients.
答案：B
解析：
定位到 mangrove， 这属于一个例子，首先确定它他是对 reef是有益处的，mangrove roots have the ability to absorb and trap sediments of polluted water that flow through them before they enter the ocean. 说明它的根有这就是净化水源的作用。
Q11 According to the professor, what effect do lobsters and sea urchins have on a coral reef?
A.They protect a reef by feeding on destructive organisms.
B.They harm a reef by taking away important nutrients.
C.They filter pollutants from water around a reef.
D.They prevent a reef from growing by prey on young corals.
答案：A
解析：
在教授的例子中，lobsters和sea urchins这些都是 feed on organism that eat corals。 所以答案很明显They prevent a reef from growing by preying on young corals.选A。
Lecture-2
Q12 What does the professor mainly discuss?
A.Some special techniques used by the makers of vintage Cremonese violins.
B.How the acoustical quality of the violin was improved over time.
C.Factors that may be responsible for the beautiful tone of Cremonese violins.
D.Some criteria that professional violinists use when selecting their instruments.
答案：C
解析：
(原文中)Tone quality differs from instrument to instrument. And the question is why. Why does an instrument sound more beautiful than another even if they look identical? 整篇Lecture的剩余部分全部是来解答这个问题，所以确定答案为C
Q13 What does the professor imply about the best modern violin makers?
A.They are unable to recreate the high quality varnish used by Cremonese violins makers.
B.Their craftsmanship is comparable to that of the Cremonese violins makers.
C.They use wood from the same trees that were used to make the Cremonese violins.
D.Many of them also compose music for the violin.
答案：B
解析：
(原文中)Today’s violin makers can pretty much replicate all the physical attributes of a Cremonese violin. Physical attributes 指的就是 craftsmanship。 而且从后文中也可以看出主要是木材的关系，与技艺无关。
Q14 Why does the professor discuss the growth cycle of trees?
A.To clarify how modern violin makers select wood.
B.To highlight a similarity between vintage and modern violins.
C.To explain why tropical wood cannot be used to make violins.
D.To explain what causes variations in density in a piece of wood.
答案：D
解析：
正是因为就是生长周期的不同才导致了 density differential， 所以教授讨论生长周期就是在解释为什么会有 density differential。
Q15 What factor accounts for the particular density differential of the wood used in the Cremonese violins?
A.The trees that produced the wood were harvested in the spring.
B.The trees that produced the wood grew in an unusually cool climate.
C.The wood was allowed to partially decay before being make into violins.
D.The wood was coated with a local varnish before it was crafted into violins.
答案：B
解析：
C是迷惑项，这是如何复制。对于古琴来说，办法是：turns out the Cremonese violins were made from trees that grew during a little ice age when temperature across Europe is significantly lower than normal. 也就是说 Cremonese 的木头是在小冰河期时候长出来的，全年气候都比较寒冷，因此正确答案为B。其中C为迷惑项。
Q16 The professor describes an experiment in which wood was exposed to a fungus before being made into a violin. What point does the professor make about the fungus?
A.It decomposes only ceratincertain parts of the wood.
B.It was found only in the forests of northern Italy.
C.It was recently discovered in a vintage Cremonese violin.
D.It decomposes only certain species of trees.
答案：A
解析：
(原文中)He basically exposed the wood to a species of fungus, a mushroom…........but this particular fungus nibbles away only at certain layers in the wood…........as a result, the fungi treated wood approaches the woods of Cremonese wood.. 根据nibbles away only at certain layers in the wood，可以确定答案为选择A。
Q17 Why does the professor say this: 重听题
A.To find out how much exposure students have had to live classical music.
B.To use student experiences to support his point about audience members.
C.To indicated that instruments are harder to master than audience members realize.
D.To make a point about the beauty of violin music.
答案：B
解析：
(原文中)Yet most audience members probably aren’t even aware of how much the instrument matters. I mean, OK. Think about the last concert you attended. When you applauded, what went through your mind?
教授说大多数观众没注意到乐器的问题，女生说是的，她没留意。所以教授说这些话是时为了证明这个观点是对的
Conversation-2
Q18 Why has the student come to see the professor?
A.To find out her reaction to a paper he recently submitted.
B.To point out a factual error in an article the class was assigned to read.
C.To ask about the suitability of a topic he wants to write about.
D.To ask about the difference between chinampas and hydroponics.
答案：C
解析：
(原文中)Student: would it be okay to focus on something related to agriculture?
很明显的，学生找教授的目的是为了，这就是讨论关于paper的topics。
Q19 What does the professor imply about hydroponics?
A.It was probably invented by the Aztecs.
B.It is a relatively modern development in agriculture.
C.It requires soil that is rich in nutrients.
D.It is most successful when extremely pure water is used.
答案：B
解析：
(原文中)Professor: Hydroponic….........is it a premodern technology?
这是个反问句，说明教授的意思是Hydroponic他不是premodern，而是相对modern的。
Q20 Why does the professor describe how chinampas were made?
A.To emphasize that the topic selected for a paper needs to be more specific
B.To encourage the student to do more research
C.To point out how much labor was required to build chinampas
D.To explain why crops grown on chinampas should not be considered hydroponic
答案：D
解析：
学生说文章说Aztec 发明了 hydroponics，教授就用chinampas解释去证明后面的话： It appear to be hydroponics, but the plants draw nutrients from soil，说明证明这种技艺不是水培。
Q21 What does the professor think about the article the students mentions?
A.She is convinced that it is not completely accurate.
B.She believes it was written for readers with scientific backgrounds.
C.She thinks it is probably too short to be useful to the student.
D.She has no opinion about it, because she has not read it.
答案：A
解析：
Professor: It’s pretty common for a writer to generalizeWell it’s pretty common for writers to generalize, say use a term like hydroponics to describe other types of agriculture… We should pay attention to what happened in history but also how historical events are presented. Why, for example, would writers use a word like hydroponics so casually?教授说作者们常常...用hydroponics去描述另一种农业技术，还说作者用这个词 太casually了，所以说教授认为这个文章并不十分准确。
Q22 What additional information does the professor suggest that the student include in his paper?
A.A comparison of traditional and modern farming technologies
B.Charges in the designs of chinampas over time
C.Differences in how various historians have describes chinampas
D.Reasons why chinampas are often overlooked in history books
答案：C
解析：
(原文中)Student: So I guess that all historians might not might describe Chinampas in quite the same way either.either.
Professor: Good point! Why not looking to that point too?
根据教授的why not looking to that point too，说明教授建议学生把all historians might not describe Chinampas in quite the same way either这个也写进论文。因此正确答案为C。
Lecture-3
Q23 What does the professor mainly discuss?
A.Comparisons between land animals and ocean-going animals of the Mesozoic ear.
B.Comparisons between sauropods and modern animals.
C.Possible reasons why sauropods became extinct.
D.New theories about the climate of the Mesozoic era.
答案：B
解析：
教授说我们要讨论Sauropod，by comparing fossil records to modern animals，因此是这篇讲座的主旨是比较sauropods和 modern animals的区别。选B。答案就在这两句中。
Q24 What point does the professor make when she compares blue whales to large land animals?
A.Like large land animals, blue whales have many offspring.
B.Like large land animals, blue whales have proportionally small stomachs.
C.The land environment provides a wider variety of food sources than the ocean.
D.The ocean environment reduces some of the problems faced by large animals.
答案：D
解析：
现在世界上最大的动物住在海里，海里食物比陆地上丰富，还有 but for an ocean-going whale, that’s not a problem. 说明陆地大型动物的一些困难可以在海里解决。
Q25 According to the professor, what recent finding about the Mesozoic era challenges an earlier belief?
A.Sauropod populations in the Mesozoic era were smaller than previously believed.
B.Oxygen levels in the Mesozoic era were higher than previously believed.
C.Ocean levels in the Mesozoic era fluctuated more than previously believed.
D. Plant life in the Mesozoic era was less abundant than previously believed.
答案：D
解析：
(原文中)However, we now know........there were much less plants for sauropods to eat than we thought.
注意转折词后面一般存在考点。less plants对应D项中的less abundant， than we thought对应D项中的previously believed，因此D项是正确答案。
Q26 Compared to small animals, what disadvantages do large animals typically have? Click on 2 answers.
A.Large animals require more food.
B.Large animals have fewer offspring.
C.Large animals use relatively more energy in digesting their food.
D.Large animals have greater difficulty staying warm.
答案：AB
解析：
(原文中)Biologically speaking, sauropods shouldn’t have been successful. Large animals like elephants, say, they require much more food and energy and have fewer offspring than smaller animals. This makes maintaining a population harder… We also know that body heat, that… well, large animals can’t easily get rid of excess body heat.前文中教授说相比小动物，大型动物 It is hard to maintain populations时提到的原因是：需要大量食物，生育率低和身体热量散失困难，所以选AB。，D是维持，这个不对
Q27 Why does the professor discuss gastroliths that have been found with sauropod fossils?
A.To show that much research about extinct animals has relied on flawed methods.
B.To show that even an incorrect guess can lead to useful research.
C.To give an example of how fossils discoveries have cast doubt on beliefs about modern animals.
D.To give an example of a discovery made possible by recent advance in technology.
答案：B
解析：
(原文中)Professor: We test hypothesis by looking for evidence to support them, then some questions are answered, that may lead to new questions. 然后用后就是gastroliths的例子，来证明这句话。讲完这个例子后还提到有 the original hypothesis, the stones was found as gastroliths, even though hasn’t been supported, has helped to make new hypothesis, which may eventually lead to the answer. 答案中的useful research指的就即是这个
Q28 What did researchers conclude from their study of sauropods and gastroliths?
A.That gastroliths probably helped sauropods to store large quantities of plant material in their stomachs.
B.That sauropods probably used gastroliths to conserve energy.
C.That sauropods may not have used gastroliths to aid in their digestion.
D.That sauropods probably did not ingest any stones.
答案：C
解析：
(原文中)the original hypothesis, the stones was found as gastroliths, even though hasn’t been supported, has helped to make new hypothesis, which may eventually lead to the answer.从even though hasn’t been supported这句话上题的句子中推断，这些石头可能不是gastroliths。
Lecture-4
Q29 What is the lecture mainly about?
A.Various ways color theory is used in different fields.
B.Various ways artists can use primary colors.
C.Aspects of color theory that are subject of current research.
D. The development of the first theory of primary colors.
答案：D
解析：
文章讲了牛顿，歌德和Runge三个人的理论，这说明讲座的主题说明中心就是 color theory的发展。
Q30 What does the professor imply about the usefulness of the theory of primary colors?
A.It is not very useful to artists.
B.It has been very useful to scientists.
C.It is more useful to artists than to psychologists.
D.It is more useful to modern-day artists than to artists in the past.
答案：A
解析：
教授用You’d better use a pure green来. 说明用三原色混合的颜色不令人满意。因此可以推断出三原色理论对artist来说用处不大。
Q31 Why does the professor mention Isaac Newton?
A.To show the similarities between early ideas in art and early ideas in science.
B.To explain why mixing primary colors does not produce satisfactory secondary colors.
C.To provide background information for the theory of primary colors.
D.To point out the first person to propose a theory of primary colors.
答案：C
解析：
教授说牛顿并没有建立起完整地color theory，也没提到primary color，只是说给了一个客观地科学解释，所以说牛顿的例子是作为算作背景信息出现的，其它选项都没有提到。
Q32 According to the professor, what were the results of Goethe’s experiments with color?
Click on 2 answers
A.The experiments failed to find a connection between colors and emotions.
B.The experiments showed useful connections between color and light.
C.The experiments provided valuable information about the relationships between colors.
D.The experiments were not useful until modern psychologists reinterpreted them.
答案：AC
解析：
出处一：And in terms of this goal, he wasn’t very successful.对应A选项
出处二：Scientist studying romantics and chromatics still marvel his studying. 对应C，对色学还是有一定贡献的。注意marvel的褒扬态度。
Q33 According to the professor, why did Runge choose the colors red, yellow, and blue as the three primary colors?
A.He felt they represented natural light at different times of the day.
B.He noticed that they were the favorite colors of Romantic painters.
C.He performed several scientific experiments that suggested those colors.
D.He read a book by Goethe and agreed with Goethe’s choices of colors.
答案：A
解析：
(原文中)Runge’s choice of red, yellow, blue has nothing to do with what we know from modern day chromatics, it had to do with Runge’s complex system of symbolism. ....... Particularly with his experience of quality of lights at various times of the day.: morning noon and night. 教师说Runge选择红黄蓝作为三原色，是因为他认为这三种颜色代表了一天中的上午、中午和晚上。选A。与答案对应
Q34 What does the professor imply when he says this: 重听题
A.Many people have proposed theories about primary colors.
B.Goethe discovered the primary colors by accident.
C.Goethe probably developed the primary color theory before reading Runge’s letter.
D.Goethe may have been influenced by Runge’s ideas about primary colors.
答案：D
解析：
重听题：He just happened ...at the same time of the same theory.
(原文中)Well, he did put Runge’s letter in the book, at the end. But he added a disclaimer implying that Runge’s letter didn’t influence his work. Apparently, what Goethe was saying was that they just HAPPENED TO come up with the same theory at the same time.
注意教授重读了happened，说明教授觉得这不一定是 happened巧合。因此教授认为Goethe其实是受到了Runge的三原色理论的影响的。。选D。