TPO5 listening 问题解析
Section 1
Conversation1
Q1: What do the speakers mainly discuss?
A. Why the woman has little in common with her roommates
B. How the woman can keep up in her academic studies
C. The woman’s adjustment to life at the university
D. The woman’s decision to transfer to another university
答案：C
解析：(原文中)
Counselor :No problem. How can I help?
Student :Well, I think I might have made a mistake coming to the school. I’m a little overwhelmed by the size of this place.
从第一组问答中得出女生来咨询的原因就是因为她觉得自己无法适应现在的学校。因此应该选C。D 中的答案并不是女生要说的，她并没有说她要转校。
Q2: Why does the woman mention her hometown?
A. To draw a contrast to her current situation
B. To acknowledge that she is accustomed to living in big cities
C. To indicate that she has known some people on campus for a long time
D. To emphasize her previous success in academic studies
答案：A
解析：(原文中)
Counselor :So it’s a bit of a culture shock for you? Being one of 15,000 students on a big campus in an unfamiliar city?
Student :That’s an understatement. I just can’t get comfortable in class or in the dorms. You know, socially. 女生强调自己家乡学校的规模就是为了与现在的学校作对比来显示自己无法适应。D 虽然提及过去但只是说对学校的同学比较熟悉而不是强调在学术上的成功。
Q3: What does the woman imply about incident that occurred in her sociology class?
A. She was embarrassed because she gave an incorrect answer
B. She was upset because the professor seemed to ignore her
C. She was confused by the organization of the professor’ s lecture
D. She was surprised by the comments of the other students
答案：B
解析：(原文中)
or example, in sociology yesterday, the professor asked a question, so I raised my hand, several of us raised our hands. And I kept my hand up because I did the reading and knew the answer. But the professor just answered his own question and continued with the lecture.女生觉得自己被老师ignore了也就是说她其实是很希望被老师注意到的，也就是 B 选项。A 中她并没有机会能回答问题。
Q4: According to the counselor, why should the woman visit her professor’s office?
Click on 2 answers.
A. To offer a compliment
B. To offer to help other students
C. To introduce herself
D. To suggest ways of making the class more personal
答案：AC
解析：(原文中)
Don’t say that. That’s what office hours are for. There is no reason you couldn’t pop in to say hi and to make yourself known. If you are learning a lot in class, let the professor know. Wouldn’t you appreciate positive feedback if you were a professor? 将advisor 的话同义转换可以得出他提出的建议去 Professor 的办公室就是给一个 positive feedback也就是A 选项的to offer a compliment 并且 make yourself known也就是C选项的 to introduce herself
Q5: What does the woman imply about joining the string quartet?
A. It would enable her to continue a hobby she gave up when she was ten
B. It would allow her to spend more time in her major area of study
C. It would help her stop worrying about her academic studies
D. It would be a way to meet students with similar interests.
答案：D
解析：(原文中)
Absolutely. I wanted to get my academic work settled before pursuing my music here. But I think this would be a good thing for me. I guess if I really want to fit in here I should find people who love music as much as I do. 从女生的回答中看出她觉得加入这个 string quartet 她就可以 find people who love music as much as I do.也就是 It would be a way to meet students with similar interests.
Lecture 1 Sociology
Q6: What is the main purpose of the lecture?
A. To introduce a method that can help students remember new information
B. To introduce a way to study how information passes from one person to another
C. To explain the differences between biological information and cultural information
D. To explain the differences between stories, songs, and other pieces of information
答案：B
解析：(原文中)
Where am I going with this? Well, both the song and the story are examples of memes. And that’s what we would talk about, the theory of meme。教授先是讲故事然后又是说小星星的歌，这些都是为了引出主题也就是 the theory of meme。而meme就是 a piece of information copied from person to person.
Q7: Why does the professor tell the story about alligators?
A. To explain the difference between true and false stories
B. To draw an analogy between alligator reproduction and cultural transmission
C. To give an example of a piece of information that functions as a meme
D. To show how a story can gradually change into a song
答案： C
解析：(原文中)
Well, it isn’t true and it never happened. But despite that, the story has been around since the 1930s. Well, both the song and the story are examples of memes. both the song and the story are examples of memes.体现出了 story 是 an example of a piece of information that functions as a meme。Story 并没有逐渐变成歌，因此 D 错误。
Q8: According to the professor, which of the following are examples of meme transfer?
Click on 2 answers.
A. Telling familiar stories
B. Sharing feelings
C. Composing original music
D. Learning a scientific theory
答案：AD
解析：(原文中)
By this definition, most of what you know, ideas, skills, stories, songs are memes. All the words you know, all the scientific theories you’ve learned, the rules your parents taught you to observe, all are memes that have been passed on from person to person. Professor 列举了一系列关于 meme 的 examples，其中包括 stories 和 scientific theories 也就是A和D。
Q9: What example does the professor give of a meme’s longevity?
A. A story has been changing since it first appeared in the 1930s
B. A person remembers a story for many years
C. A gene is passed on through many generations without changing
D. A song quickly becomes popular all over the world
答案：B
解析：(原文中)
So longevity is a key characteristic of a replicator. If you take the alligator story, it can exist for a long time in individual memory, let’s say, my memory。 显然 memory 是教授针对 meme 的 longevity 所举出的例子。C 并不是针对 meme 的 longeivity。
Q10: What does the professor compare to a housefly laying many eggs?
A. A child learning many different ideas from or her parents
B. Alligators reproducing in New York sewers
C. Different people remembering different versions of a story
D. A person singing the “Twinkle, twinkle” song many times
答案：D
解析：(原文中)
Fecundity is the ability to reproduce in large numbers. For example, the common housefly reproduces by laying several thousand eggs, so each fly gene gets copied thousands of times. Memes, well, they can be reproduced in large numbers as well. How many times have you sung the “twinkle, twinkle song” to someone。这里教授是把 How many times have you sung the “winkle, twinkle song”to someone与 a housefly laying many eggs 作比较，因此D项正确。C 并不是比较的对象，而是对于事实的一种评价和判断，错误。
Q11: Why does the professor say this:
A. To explain why some memes do not change much
B. To ask the students for their opinion about songs as memes
C. To acknowledge a problem with the meme theory
D. To ask the student to test an idea about memes
答案：A
解析：(原文中)
Other memes are replicated with higher fidelity though, like the twinkle, twinkle song. It had the exact same words 20 years ago as it does now. Well, that’s because we see songs as something that has to be performed accurately each time. If you change a word, the others will usually bring you in line. They’ll say, “that’s not how you sing it”, right? 从 Professor 的陈述中看出有种 meme 是可以历时久而变化不大的，那么这么说就是为了 explain why some memes do not change much。A 符合，这里先分析了 story 然后是 song 所以并不只是针对 song。
Lecture 2 Astronomy
Q12: What is the main purpose of the lecture?
A. To explain why scientists disagree about the age of the Moon
B. To present arguments in favor of another Moon landing
C. To explain how scientists discovered a crater on the far side of the Moon
D. To review some finding of a recent mission to the Moon
答案：B
解析：(原文中)But there are compelling reasons in favor of another Moon landing too, um… not the least of which is trying to pinpoint the moon’s age. We could do this in theory by studying an enormous impact crater, known as the South Pole- Aitken Basin. …this image is from the mid-90s, from the American spacecraft called Clementine. 教授分析可以从 crater 来了解 Moon’s age ，后来提到了 spacecraft’s 的 moon landing ，因此可以推断出今天的重点就是 To present arguments in favor of another Moonlanding。也就是 B 选项。
Q13: What does the professor imply about the spacecraft Clementine?
A. It sent back the first color photographs of the Moon
B. It was powered by solar energy
C. It landed in the far side of the Moon
D. It flew over the Moon’s polar regions
答案：D
解析：(原文中)Um… unlike earlier lunar missions, Clementine didn’t orbit only around the moon’s equator. Its orbits enable it to send back data to create this topographical map of … well, the grey and white area towards the bottom is the South Pole, the purples and blues in the middle correspond to low elevations - the SPA Basin itself, the oranges and reds around it are higher elevations. 从 professor 的分析可以看出 spacecraft Clementine 拍摄到了 South Pole的照片，也就是说飞船飞过了 polar regions 也就是 D 选项。从之前的描述中看出它 land 的地方并不是 moon 的 far side，因此 C 错误。
Q14: Why does the professor mention the Moon’s mantle?
A. To explain why scientists believe that meteor impacts cannot affect the Moon’s mantle
B. To explain what kind of information scientists hope to obtain from the mantle
C. To point out that the Moon’s crust and mantle are made of similar materials
D. To point out that the Moon’s mantle and Earth’s mantle have different compositions
答案：B
解析：(原文中)how they redistributed pieces of a planet’s crust and in this case, we especially want to know if any of the mantle, the layer beneath the crust, was exposed by the impact. Not everyone agrees, but some experts are convinced that whatever created the SPA Basin did penetrate the Moon’s mantle.可以看出 professor 提到 mantle 就是为了 mantle 所能为研究者所提供的信息也就是 To explain what kind of information scientists hope to obtain from the mantle。没有将 Moon 上的山和 earth 上的山的 mantle 进行任何比较，D 错误。Mantle 本身是 the layer beneath the crust 因此不存在 To point out that the Moon’s crust and mantle are made of similar materials 的说法，C 错误。
Q15: Why is the South Pole-Aitken Basin thought to be exceptionally old?
A. The walls of the Basin are more reflective than those of most other craters
B. Testing of rocks from the Basin’s floor proves them to be as old as the Moon itself
C. Many small craters have been detected at the bottom of the Basin
D. A large amount of dust has been detected in and around the Basin
答案：C
解析：(原文中)
Well, from radio survey data, we know that the basin contains lots of smaller craters. So it must be really old, about 4 billion years, give or take a few hundred million years. But that’s not very precise. 教授提到因为 basin contains lots of smaller craters 所以 it must be really old。可得出推断出 old 的证据就是那些 craters，因此选C。A 选项中是其后提到的 Clementine’s data indicated that the wall of the south-polar crater was more reflective than expected. So some experts think there’s probably ice there. 是推断 ice 的存在的。与 old 无关。
Q16: Why does the professor consider it important to find out if water ice exists on the Moon?
Click on 2 answers.
A. Water ice could be processed to provide breathable air for astronauts
B. One component of water ice could be used as a fuel for rockets
C. Water ice could contain evidence of primitive life on the Moon
D. Water ice could be tested to find out what type of meteors crashed into the Moon
答案：AB
解析：(原文中)Um… o.k., say there is water ice on the moon. That would be a very practical value for a future moon base for astronauts. Water ice could be melted and purified for drinking. It could also be broken down into its component parts - oxygen and hydrogen. Oxygen could be used to breathe, and hydrogen could be turned into fuel, rocket fuel.从Oxygen could be used to breathe 可以推理出A选项：Water ice could be processed to provide breathable air for astronauts。and hydrogen could be turned into fuel, rocket fuel 可以推理出B选项：One component of water ice could be used as a fuel for rockets
Q17: What does the professor imply when he says this :
A. The current age estimates for the South Pole-Aitken Basin are based on incorrect assumptions.
B. The technology to analyze Moon rocks has not advanced much since the days of the Moon landings
C. Too few of the original Moon-rock samples were dated accurately
D. Only by testing samples from South Pole-Aitken Basin can its age be precisely determined
答案：D
解析：(原文中)
But that?s not very precise. If we had rock samples to study, we’d know whether the small craters were formed by impacts during the final stages of planetary formation, or if they resulted from later meteor showers. 先是说 craters 无法提供准确的时间信息，而 rock sample 可以，而这些 sample 是源于 South Pole-Aitken Basin 因此是 D。craters 所提供的年代推测不是错误的，只是 not very precise. 因此 A 错误。
Section 2
Conversation
Q1: What is the conversation mainly about?
A. An assignment about which the student would like advice
B. Concerns as to whether the student should be in the professor’s course
C. The selection of films to be viewed by students in a film theory course
D. The structure and sequence of courses in the Film Department
答案：B
解析：(原文中)
Hi, I was wondering if I could talk with you about the assignment in the film theory class.男生的第一句问话表明来意，是问能不能选这个老师的课，也就是 Concerns as to whether the student should be in the professor’s course。答案 B
Q2: What is the professor’s attitude toward the student’s high school film course?
A. He does not consider it satisfactory preparation for the class he teaches
B. He does not think that literary works should be discussed in film classes
C. He believes that this type of course often confuses inexperienced students
D. He feels that the approach taken in this course is the best way to learn about film
答案：A
解析：(原文中)
Um…I wouldn’t think that would be enough. Did you concentrate mainly on form or content? 教授直接指出 high school, film appreciation 对于他的课程来说是不足够的，选 A。D 中出现best 这种极端词，可以首先排除。
Q3: Why was the student permitted to sign up for professor’s film theory course?
A. Her high school course fulfilled the requirement for previous course work
B. The computer system that usually blocks students was not working properly
C. An employee in the department did not follow instructions
D. The professor made an exception in her case
答案：C
解析：(原文中)Well, I did have a problem with that but I discussed it with one of your office staff, and she gave me permission.虽然男生不够资格选这门课但是还是选进了，因为一位 office staff 同意这个学生选这门课，因此是 C。不是教授本人同意的，因此 D 错误。
Q4: Why does the professor decide to allow the student in his class?
Click on 2 answers.
A. She needs to take the course in order to graduate
B. He is impressed with her eagerness to continue
C. She convinces him that she does have adequate preparation for the course
D. He learns that she is nor studying film as her main course of study
答案：BD
解析：(原文中)Oh…well, in…in that case, if you’re taking the course just out of interest, I mean I still highly recommend signing up for the introductory courses at some point, but in the meantime, there is no harm I guess in trying to keep up with this class.
这个教授在知道该学生非电影专业后一开始表示她不够资质继续这门课程，也就是A选项中的 He learns that she is nor studying film as her main course of study。但是得知她是 taking the course just out of interest，教授同意了她继续这门课程，也就是C选项中的He is impressed with her eagerness to continue。
Q5: What does the professor advise the student to so in order to keep up with the class she is in?
A. Take the introductory course
B. Watch some video recordings
C. Do extra reading
D. Drop out of her marketing class
答案：B
解析：(原文中)
Eh, instead of any extra reading just now though, you could view some of the old introductory lectures. We have them on video. That would give you a better handle on the subject. 教授建议看之前的 old introductory lectures.他有 vedio。B项正确。A 项中的take the introductory course并不是用来 keep up 的建议而是得学分的建议，容易和B项混淆。
Lecture1 Chemistry
Q6: What is the main purpose of the lecture?
A. To discuss recent innovations in laboratory equipment
B. To give an example of a practical use for a particular scientific technique
C. To familiarize students with the chemical composition of paint pigments
D. To show how researchers were able to restore a particular work of art
答案：B
解析：(原文中)Now, Laser Spectroscopy, which is the focus of your assignment, works by measuring very precisely what parts of the spectrum are absorbed by different substances. And it has applications in a lot of different disciplines. 之前教授说了一大段来 review Spectroscopy 的概念而 now 之后的内容才是今天的重点，也就是具体分析 Laser Spectroscopy 的应用，因此B项正确。
Q7: What does the professor imply when he mentions an art historian?
A. Art historians have been learning how to use spectroscopes
B. Scientists need to learn how art historians analyze paintings
C. Confirming the authenticity of artworks requires collaboration
D. Spectroscopic analysis can help identify a painter’s techniques
答案：C
解析：(原文中)
Then we compare these signatures with those of particular elements like zinc or lead, to determine what the pigment was made of. So, you can see why this type of analysis requires a knowledge of the history of pigments, right? How and when they were made? 要鉴定画的真伪还需要对 pigment 的年代进行分析。这也是需要 art historians的原因，只有与该艺术领域的学者进行合作才能把 spectroscopes 的功用完全发挥，也就是说这项鉴定工作 requires collaboration，选C。
Q8: Why does the professor discuss the presence of zinc in paint pigments?
A. To explain why some paints may deteriorate over the course of time
B. To stress the need for caution when attempting to restore old artworks
C. To show how pigments differ from varnishes and binding agents
D. To show how spectroscopy can help establish the age of a painting
答案：D
解析：(原文中)
We know the spectral signature of zinc. And it matches that of the paint sample. We also know that zinc wasn't discovered until the 18th century. And since Rembrandt lived during the 17th century, we know he couldn't have painted it. 通过用 spectroscopy 对 zinc 进行分析，结合 art historian 对于 pigment 的知识得出该画不是真迹，教授通过这个过程来说明 spectroscopy 是如何帮助鉴定的，也就是 D选项。
Q9: According to the professor, what is the primary advantage of spectroscopy over other laboratory methods for analyzing artworks?
A. It does not damage the artworks
B. It provides a more accurate analysis than other methods do
C. It uses equipment that can be transferred to other locations
D. It can be used by individuals with little scientific training
答案：A
解析：(原文中)
Now, Spectroscopy has a very distinct advantage over previous methods of analyzing our works,because it's not invasive. You don't have to remove big chips of paint to do your analysis, which is what other methods require. All you do is train the microscope on tiny flecks of paint and analyze them. 从教授对 Spectroscopy 的操作方法介绍可得知它优越于其他鉴定方法的地方就是它 not invasive 不会破坏作品，因此选 A。很显然，使用 Spectroscopy是需要专业的 scientific training的， 因此D错误。
Q10: What is one way the professor mention that can help with art restoration?
A. By re-creating the pigments and binding agents used by artists of earlier eras
B. By removing pigments and binding agents that dissolve paintings over time
C. By creating protective coatings of paint that do not damage original paintings
D. By developing ways to safely remove paint added by previous restorers
答案：D
解析：(原文中)
Well, spectroscopy can review the composition of those touchup layers too. So we can find out when they were applied. Then if we want to undo some bad restoration attempts, we can determine what kind of process we can use to remove them to dissolve the paint and uncover the original.
原文中提及可以用spectroscopy消除和溶解修复的不好的部分，因此D选项正确。spectroscopy并不能重造 pigment，因此 A 错误。
Q11: Why does the professor say this:
A. He is searching for a synonym for the term
B. He is not sure how much information the student need
C. He is going to briefly address a related topic
D. He is giving the students a writing assignment
答案：C
解析：(原文中)Now a word or two about restoration. Sometimes original art works appear questionable or inauthentic because they’ve had so many restorers add touchup layers to cover up damage, damage from the paint having deteriorated over time. Well, spectroscopy can review the composition of those touchup layers too. 在 lecture 的最后教授说 Now a word or two about restoration 然后简单介绍了一下spectroscopy 在 restoration 的应用，因此教授说这句话的意思就是为了引出后面的相关话题，因此选 C。
Lecture2 Literature
Q12: What is the lecture mainly about?
A. Oral traditions in folktales and fairy tales
B. Common characters and plots in folktales and fairy tales
C. Differences between folktales and fairy tales
D. Hidden meaning in folktales and fairy tales
答案：C
解析：(原文中)Now we can't really talk about fairy tales without first talking about folk tales because there's a strong connection between these two genres, these two types of stories. In fact, many fairy tales started out as folk tales. So, what's a folk tale? How would you characterize them? Jeff ? 第一句教授就说如果不提到 folktales 就很难分析 fairy tales ，然后说In fact, many fairy tales started out as folk tales. 将两者进行对比，因此C项正确。重点不是 hidden meaning，因为只有一句带过，所以 D 错误。
Q13: What does the professor mean when he says that folktales are communal?
A. They vary little form one community to another
B. They serve to strengthen tiles among individuals within a community
C. They relate important events in the history of a community
D. They can be adapted to meet the needs of a community
答案：D
解析：(原文中)
That's right. There's local difference. And that's why we say folk tales are communal. By communal, we mean they reflect the traits and the concerns of a particular community at a particular time.因为 folktales 具有地域性，因此它会随着地域的特征而逐渐改变，也就是说 They can be adapted to meet the needs of a community，选 D。 它并不能增强 community 中的个人关系，因此 B 错误。
Q14: Why does the professor clarify the concept of a “fairy tale”?
A. To explain the origins of the term “fairy tale”
B. To eliminate a possible definition of the term” fairy tale”
C. To support a claim about the function of fairy tales
D.To indicate that fairies are a major element in fairy tale
答案：B
解析：(原文中)And don’t anyone say “a story with a fairy in it” because we all know that very few fairy tales actually have those tiny magical creatures in them. With fairy tales, however, the location is generally unspecified, no matter who the story teller is. That land far away...教授强调了 fairytales 的具体定义，并说And don’t anyone say “a story with a fairy in it” ， 显然就是为了排除一些笼统或不正确的定义。因此选 B。very few fairy tales actually have those tiny magical creatures in them.说明 fairy 并不是主要的，因此 D 错误。
Q15: What does the professor say about the setting of fairy tales?
A. The tales are usually set in a nonspecific location
B. The location is determined by the country of origin of a tale
C. The tales are set in a location familiar to the author
D. A storyteller varies the location of a tale depending on the audience
答案：A
解析：(原文中)
With fairy tales, however, the location is generally unspecified, no matter who the story teller is. That land far away... We'll come back to this point in a few minutes.
Folktales 具有地域性但是 fairytales 并没有，这也就是 professor 在说 the setting of fairy tales，因此选 A。很多的fairytales 的author都是无法确定的，因此 C 错误。
Q16: In the lecture, the professor discusses characteristics of folktales and
fairy tales, indicate the characteristics of each type of the tale
Click in the correct boxes. This question is worth two points.
folktalesfairy tales
A.Their appeal is
now mainly to children
B.The plot is the
only stable element
C.The tales are
transmitted orally
D.There is one
accepted version
E.Characters are
well developed
F.The language is
relatively formal
答案：folktales： BCfairytales：ADEF
解析：(原文中)Well, they are old stories, traditional stories. They were passed down orally within cultures from generation to generation, so they changed a lot over time. I mean, every story teller, or, maybe every town, might have had a slightly different version of the same folk tale.
Professor: That's right. There's local difference. And that's why we say folk tales are communal. First, the language changes. It becomes more formal, more standard - some might say, "Less colorful". Second, when an orally transmitted story is written down, an authoritative version with a recognized author is created. The communal aspect gets lost. Because of this, elements like place and time can no longer be tailored to suit a particular audience. 先集中选出folktales的特征，从原文中可以看出，它是口口相传的，因此会有很多的版本，每个版本都会有些不同。因此B、C是folktales的特征。而与它相反的，fairytales就只有一个正式的版本，语言更加的formal，standard，人物描述也更加的完善。因此ADEF是fairytales的特征。
Q17: Why does the professor say this :
A. To support the student’s statement
B. To ask the student to clarify her statement
C. To find out if the students know what story the line comes from
D. To clarify the relationship between time and space in fairy tales
答案：A
解析：(原文中)What's the line-up? How do all the stories start? Once upon a time, in a faraway land... oh, in the case of folk tales, each story teller would specify a particular location and time, though the time and location would differ for different story tellers. 从教授的论断中看出他其实是在支持 Mary 的说法 。Well, they seem to be less realistic than folk tales…like they have something improbable happening - a frog turning into a prince, say。因此选A。教授并没有再要求maryjane进行进一步的阐明，所以 B 错误。