同学们在准备
Section1
第一篇
1.Why does the student go to speak to the man?
To discuss a job opportunity she had heard about
To learn about options for advertising her business
To see if she can change a previous print order
To discuss a design idea that she has for business cards
答案：B
(原文中)Oh, no. I meant the other ad, about the services you provide for students. You see, I have been working at the campus tutoring center as a math tutor. But things have changed, including my schedule. And now I want to start doing tutoring work independently. But in order to, basically, start my own business, I need to get the work out. 开头这个女生就讲明了来意，自己是 math tutor，她要 start her own business and need to get the work out. 然后后面就介绍了几种方法例如 pencil，business card，flyer，sticky notes.
2.What does the man imply about customized sticky notes?
A.They require more time to produce than other print products.
B.They are less effective at attracting business than business cards.
C.They are not usually available at other print shops.
D.They should be a more popular choice of advertising than they are.
答案：D
(原文中)Well, we did once. I think those bright pieces of paper would be real attention getters. You know, student use them all the time, so they should be good for business. I don’t know why we haven’t done more. 提到 sticky notes 说的是它可以吸引注意，学生们都在用，good for business。A、B两项说反了，C选项说法错误，只有第四项的态度方向是对的。
3.What does the man imply are the disadvantages of using pencils to advertise?Click on 2 answers.
A.They are easy to lose.
B.They might be more difficult to distribute.
C.There is not much space for a message.
D.They cost more than other methods.
答案：C, D
(原文中)Yeah. But you should know, it’s not our cheapest option. Oh, and you know those little sticky notes? Yeah. I thought it was neat. Now, of course you can only fit your name and phone number, and like, in your case, math tutoring on it. 文中两次提到 pencil 这种方式，第一次的时候说的时候男生说，这不是最便宜的选择,所以选d。第二次说的时候男生说，You can only fit your name, phone number and math tutoring。注意only，所以空间不够，选择 c。其他两项没有提到。
4.What did the student learn from her friend’s experience?
A.The print shop in town processes orders quickly.
B.Some print shops let customers design their own business cards.
C.The university print shop has special discounts for students.
D.istributing business cards can attract a lot of attention to a tutoring business.
答案：B
(原文中)Right. Well, I could custom design the business cards through, right? That’s what my friend did. She said she designed them at the computer right there at the print shop. 提到朋友的时候讲到了两点。1.价格，朋友说贵，但是老板说了个价格，女生说还行。2.朋友说可以自己设计，老板说这就贵了。所以这个题考了第二点。
5.What can be inferred about the student when she says this: 重听题
A.She is concerned about the cost of a custom design.
B.She thinks a simple design would attract more customers.
C.She would like to invest more money in business cards.
D.She would like to take advantage of the discount offered by the man.
答案：A
(原文中)Employee:
Well, you can do that here too. But a custom design would be a bigger investment for your business than one of our standard designs.
Student:
Well, I don’t know. I am interested in business cards, so can I look at the standard designs? 重听最后一句“Can I look at the standard design?" 这个要联系之前情景。女生说听说可以自己设计呢，老板说那么价格就贵了。然后女生就说了这句话，很显然是价格问题。B,C,D都没提，选 A。
第二篇
6.What is the lecture mainly about?
A.Reasons that environmentally friendly products often cost more than other products
B.Evidence that environmentally laws helped increase demand for environmentally friendly products
C.Differences between green marketing and traditional environmentally marketing
D.The development of a trend to market products as friendly
答案：D
解析：A选项在文章中没有提到，而且价格肯定不是重点，因此不正确。B选项中laws只是在开头提到了，laws，issue，news都是商人们开始在生意中加入环保这一元素的原因，但是法律促进环境友好产品的增加只是一个小细节。C 文中没有提到 traditional marketing，所以没法比较 difference。D选项比较符合题意。
7.How does the professor organize the lecture?
A.She gives some historical background, then she presents a case study.
B.She describes several environmental friendly products, then she explains how the public responded to them.
C.She describes a problem, then she proposes several possible solutions.
D.She describes an approach to advertising, then she explains why it is often ineffective.
答案：A
解析：A选项是正确的，听力中提到了earth day, laws, 还介绍了很多时间，这都是历史背景。然后就开始讲green marketing，还举了一个例子，只有A项完全符合。
8.According to the professor, why did the first effort to market the Eco-light fail?
A.The ads did not explain that the Eco-light was environmentally friendly.
B.The ads did not mention the long-term cost savings that result from using the Eco-light.
C.The ads for the Eco-light were too long and detailed.
D.The process used to manufacture the Eco-light damaged the environment.
答案: B
(原文中)So the company reintroduced the eco-light with a new message, one that emphasized cost savings, that the eco-light lowers electric bills and lasts for years. So it’s good for earth, cost-effective and convenient because it doesn’t have to be changed every few months. This ad campaign worked like a charm. AD是错的，因为开始的广告只提到了对环境好。B选项是对的，广告一开始没有提人们关心的问题，比如说方便、价格、质量等。C选项则完全没有提及。
9.What does the professor imply when she mentions companies that are “extreme green” and “lean green”?
A.Some companies have used the terms “extreme green” and “lean green” in their ads.
B.A system is available to classify companies according to their environmental programs.
C.There are important aspects of green marketing that have been neglected by researchers.
D.Marketers need to be creative to keep people interested in environmental issues.
答案：B
(原文中)Something else, uh, the company that makes the co-light, researchers would consider it an ‘extreme green company’, not only because its product are energy-efficient, but because the company tries to reduce its environmental impact in other ways too. Like in addition to selling Earth-friendly products, its offices and factories are designed to conserve energy and use all sorts of recycled materials.A company that only recycles office paper, researchers would classify as a ‘lean green company’. And there are other degrees of greenness in between. 推断题，文中在讲完灯泡的故事之后说到了这两个名词，并举例什么样的是 extreme green 什么是 lean green，并且说这是researcher给的分类，还有其他等级。只有B项最符合文意。
10. What opinion does the professor express about companies that use green advertising campaigns?
A.The companies should consult environmentalists when developing the campaigns.
B.The companies should publicize research that supports the claims made in their advertisements.
C.The companies should be fully committed to protecting the environment.
D.The companies should find ways to lower the price of their environmentally friendly products.
答案：C
(原文中)So if your green marketing strategy’s gonna work, your message should be valid on all dimensions. 教授说如果公司想进行环保宣传，那么他们就必须在各个方面都保证是环保的，C项最符合文意。ABD 原文均没有提到，属于无中生有。
11. What does the professor imply when she says this: 重听题
A.Some green marketing campaigns are difficult to implement.
B.Some marketing principles need to be updated.
C.The point she is making is difficult to explain.
D.Some marketers had unpleasant experiences with green campaigns.
答案：D
(原文中)But some green marketers learned the hard way, green marketing must still involve all the same principles of a traditional marketing campaign. 暗示题，需要重听的部分是“but as some green marketers learned the hard way." 这道题不需要结合上下文，可以直接通过对learn the hard way这个短语的理解选出正确答案。Do something hard way 是指to learn, achieve, or do something after a bad experience or by making mistakes。只有C项最符合。
第三篇
12. What is the lecture mainly about?
A.The discovery of a previously unknown trace metal
B.The role trace metals play in carbon cycling
C.Ways that living organisms rid themselves of trace metals
D.Ways that zinc interacts with carbon dioxide
答案：B
解析：教授开头就说了 trace 金属，特别是 zinc 在carbon cycling中的作用。后来又提到钙的作用。所以，答案肯定是 B，metals 用了复数是因为提到了两个金属，一个是zinc，一个是钙。A项中的discovery 是无中生有;C项中ways本身错误，也没有提到生物体要排除金属;D项中Zinc和二氧化碳的相互作用，明显和主题无关。。
13. What does the professor imply about the conversion of carbon dioxide molecules in plants?
A.It is an unusually complex chemical process.
B.It only takes place in full sunlight.
C.It proceeds slowly when cadmium is present.
D.It is regulated by an enzyme that may contains zinc.
答案：D
(原文中)Exactly. For photosynthesis. Plants also convert carbon dioxide into different forms of carbon-containing molecules and the conversion process used relies on the very same enzyme that works in humans.So zinc is also important for plants. 老师在说到人体内碳循环的时候，说需要一种酶(蛋白质)，这种蛋白质含Zn，然后说植物内也是类似的酶。所以答案是D。教授没提到化学反应过程，也没有说到阳光，因此AB项错误。C项是后面的内容。
14. According to the professor, why is it surprising that many marine plants are able to survive near the surface of oceans?
A.Weather conditions near the surface disrupt certain life processes.
B.The salt content of surface waters is constantly changing.
C.Surface waters contain low quantities of zinc.
D.Surface waters absorb large amounts of carbon dioxide.
答案：C
(原文中)OK. But zinc is scarce in certain environments. And it’s particularly scarce in waters near the surface of rivers and lakes and shallower parts of oceans, which might make us wonder how plants could live there at all. In fact, there are a lot of marine plants that survive, that grow and reproduce in surface waters. In particular, there are a lot of diatoms. 教授讲了，水表面附近还有浅滩的地方，zinc 特别少，所以教授很惊讶这些地方的植物是怎么生存的。答案选C。A项显然不对，全文都没有提到气候;B项中盐度是无中生有;D项可能会有人误选，水表面的zinc 少了，但是可以依靠硅藻传递 CO2，但没有说过水的表面就有很多的 CO2。
15. According to the professor, what important function do diatoms serve?
A.They alter cadmium so it is less toxic to humans.
B.They help cycle zinc in places where it is scarce.
C.They distribute carbon throughout the ocean.
D.They remove cadmium from the ocean floor.
答案：C
(原文中)…diatoms, and, well, diatoms play a very important role in the carbon cycling process, because they help make carbon available to other organisms in deeper parts of the ocean.The carbon that these diatoms use in photosynthesis is transferred to other…本题和上一题是相互联系的，上一题提到水表面zinc很少，那么二氧化碳是如何传递的呢?教授接着给出了答案：靠的是 diatoms (硅藻)吸收大量的CO2，传递到 deep water。所以，答案直接选 C。
16. What point does the professor make when she talks about cadmium being poisonous to humans?
A.That cadmium and zinc can serve a similar function in plant enzymes
B.That both cadmium and zinc are rare in plant enzymes
C.That most trace metals are poisonous to humans
D.That cadmium does not serve any biological purpose
答案：A
(原文中)So how did diatoms survive if zinc is so scarce? Well, recently researchers discovered that a specific type of diatom makes a different enzyme that serves the same purpose. 这一题，学生问老师，这钙不是有毒么?老师说是有毒，但人体里面钙含量很少，而且它们是酶的组成部分。这些酶在生物体内有很重要的作用。提到钙元素是因为在zinc特别少的地方，硅藻依然能够存活，就是因为有钙的存在，起到了一样的作用。综合起来，A项是正确选项。
17. The professor states that the discovery of an enzyme containing cadmium is important. What are two reasons that this discovery is important?
Click on 2 answers.
A.It may lead to the discovery of new enzymes that use other trace metals.
B.It may explain the ocean’s increased level of carbon dioxide.
C.It may explain the scarcity of some elements in the ocean.
D.It may help scientist better understand global warming.
答案：A, D
(原文中)it’s possible that other not so typical trace metals may be used in chemical processes, that marine organisms might make enzymes from other trace metals when the essential one is scarce. And there may be other types of diatoms that use cadmium to cycle carbon.
But there’s something else to think about. What is one of the most common greenhouse gases in our atmosphere, one of the major culprits in global warming. 这一题中教授说了，发现了钙也有相同的性质之后，我们就能找到不同的酶，因为其实海洋生物里面可能有不同的酶，只是我们不知道而已。第二点，我们知道，温室气体是 CO2.这些酶能够把 CO2 处理掉，那我们应该能好理解一点全球变暖这事儿了。
Section2
第一篇
1.Why does the student go to see the professor?
A.To obtain notes from a class she missed
B.To discuss a conference she attended
C.To ask about a possible topic for a research paper
D.To clarify information about volunteering in the community
答案：C
(原文中)Wow, really? Well, I am looking for a topic for my term paper, so maybe I could do it on these glowing jellyfish.That’s why I wanted to ask you about them, you know, to find out if there was really something to write about. 这一题，学生和老师说了大半天之后，开始讨论这个学期的论文，说她想写生物发光方面的东西(和老师说了很久生物发光之后，她直接告诉教授她此行的目的)因此正确答案选 C。
2.What does the student say about the conference she attended?
A.It will help convince students to get involved in the community
B.It taught her a lot about marine ecosystems
C.It helped her gain a volunteer position at a local organization
D.Few students were involved in the conference
答案：A
(原文中)Now it would be a lot easier to get students to volunteer in the community. 这句话是对教授提问的回答。教授问她最近开的会怎么样，女生回答说，好多人啊，不用担心找志愿者了。因此女生对会议的态度是It will help convince students to get involved in the community，选A。
3.What caused the woman to become interested in bioluminescence?
A.It was mentioned in the notes from a class she missed
B.She observed the phenomenon while on a recent trip to a conference
C.A volunteer she worked with told her about seeing some bioluminescent fish
D.She heard a talk about bioluminescence at a conference she attended
答案：B
(原文中)Well, there is something that I wanted to ask you now. It’s about something I noticed at the beach. 这个题答案比较直接，女生说她在海滩上走的时候(beach)，看见了那些发光的生物体，引起了她的兴趣，因此答案选B。
4.According to the professor, why were the jellyfish that the student saw glowing?
A.They were avoiding predators by blending in with their surrounding
B.They were trying to confuse predators with bright flashes of light
C.They were communicating with each other
D.They were trying to light up the dark water so they could see prey
答案：A
(原文中)Some jellyfish produce bright flashes of light that confuse predators, to, uh, to startle them. But jellyfish closer to the surface, probably like the jellyfish you saw, they use bioluminescence to hide. The light they produce matches the color of the dim sunlight, so they blend in, and, uh, and predators can’t see them. 这道题要仔细看题干，生物发光有好多目的，但题目问的是，女生看到的那个jellyfish发光的目的，听力原文中教授的回答是对于你看到的这个在水表面附近的jellyfish，它们发光是为了 hide，通过发出和sunlight一样的光，让它们的天敌发现不了。选A。
5.What does the professor imply about the student’s proposed research topic?
A.A variety of bioluminescent organisms should be included in the research
B.Writing about the topic might be difficult because there is so much information on it
C.The student should choose a topic that has already been covered in class
D.The student should explain how bioluminescence benefits various species of jellyfish differently
答案：B
(原文中)It’s a great topic. But you’II have to make sure the topic is manageable. Like I said, about half of all jellyfish are bioluminescent, so you may want to look at a particular type of jellyfish or several types that benefit from bioluminescence in the same way, or you could investigate current research on bioluminescence, on, on the chemical process, or…Here’s an idea. 教授对女生说，你选的这个题很好，但你要选一个 manageable 的 topic，因此jellyfish 也只有一半左右的会发光，你得去看哪一些种类是发光的，那些不发光。这还是有不少困难的。言下之意就是这个选题太难了，换一个吧。选B。
第二篇
6.What is the lecture mainly about?
A.The orbits of comets
B.Unique characteristics of a famous comet
C.The structure of comets
D.The origin and life cycle of comets
答案：A
(原文中)0K. We have been looking at some of the smaller members of our solar system, comets. You already know about the structure of comets. Let’s continue our discussion now by talking about orbits, especially those of the so-called periodic-orbit comets.本题的提示词是Let’s continue our discussion，听到这里，就能立刻判断出后面出现的内容就是这次讲座的主题。教授说让我们继续讨论轨道，尤其是这些叫做周期性的彗星轨道，因此答案选A。
7.According to the professor, what happens as a comet approaches the Sun? Click on 2 answers.
A.Its nucleus loses some material
B.Its core becomes brighter
C.It moves faster
D.It absorbs gases from the Sun
答案：A,C
解析：
(原文中)出处一：But where is Halley’s comet during most of this time? Well, like all orbiting bodies, a comet moves faster when it’s closer to the Sun. So it only spends about a year or two in our neighborhood, inside the orbit of Jupiter. Most of its time is spent way out beyond Jupiter’s orbit, poking along near the farther reaches of it own orbit. Because of this, we can only see Halley’s for a few months every 75 years, first on its way in toward the Sun, and then on its way out again. 提示词 Well。当彗星接近太阳会发生什么?well, 和所有旋转的天体一样，当彗星接近太阳时移动的更快了。
出处二：Now, you remember from our previous discussion that a comet’s nucleus ,its core, is made up of ice and dust, like a frozen snowball. And as it approaches the Sun, it starts to heat up. And some of the ice vaporizes into gas and spreads out from the nucleus. The gases that vaporize from the comet, the comet never collects them back again, so on every orbit, the comet leaves part of itself behind. Now, you remember是提示词。当彗星接近太阳时，温度开始上升，一些冰蒸发成气体散发出去。
8.Why does the professor emphasize the amount of time Hailey’s Comet is beyond the orbit of Jupiter?
A.To account for the comet’s composition of ice and dust
B.To show the effect of Jupiter’s gravity on the comet’s orbit
C.To argue that the comet’s orbit should not be considered periodic
D.To explain why the comet is not visible from Earth very often
答案：D
解析：
(原文中)Most of its time is spent way out beyond Jupiter’s orbit, poking along near the farther reaches of it own orbit. Because of this, we can only see Halley’s for a few months every 75 years, first on its way in toward the Sun, and then on its way out again. 题目是问原因的， 因此此处的提示词为Because of this。为什么强调哈雷彗星在木星轨道外面呢?因为我们只能在每75年看到几个月。
9.What is the professor imply about the history of Hailey’s Comet?
A.Hailey’s Comet did not always have the same orbit it has now
B.Hailey’s Comet used to be much smaller than it is now
C.Hailey’s Comet has always had the same orbit that it has now
D.Hailey’s Comet is much younger than the rest of the solar system
答案：A
解析：
(原文中)And Halley’s is going around the Sun once every 75 years and losing stuff each time. So the comet should be long gone by now, right? I mean, how come Halley’s is still there? After four and a half billion years. How could it be? Well, the answer is that this comet hasn’t always been in such a short periodic orbit, since once a comet gets into an orbit that keeps it coming in close to the Sun quite frequently. 题目问教授暗指了哈雷彗星什么?根据听力原文，哈雷彗星不总是在这样一个短的周期轨道上，可以得出：哈雷彗星不总是在同一个轨道上。
10.What is the professor’s opinion about the name” parabolic-orbit comets”?
A.It is not widely accepted among astronomers
B.It is probably not strictly accurate
C.It is not a term that the students need to learn
D.It will probably be replaced soon with a new name
答案：B
解析：：
题目问的是原因结果的关系，需要回到原文：We just can’t determine that very accurately from the close-in part of the orbit that we do see.So these are often called parabolic-orbit comets. 教授对“抛物线似地轨道彗星”这个名称的观点是： 因为我们所能看到的只是彗星轨道很近中心的部分，并不能得出准确的结论，所以这些经常被称为抛物线轨道彗星。
11.According to the professor, what can change a parabolic-orbit into a periodic-orbit comet?
A.The loss of some of the comet’s material
B.The force of escaping gases
C.The gravitational influence of a planet
D.Energy from the Sun
答案：C
解析：原文提示词 So，又是原因结果
翻译：根据教授说的，什么能改变抛物线似地变成周期性轨道?回答：
(原文中)So this comet, if it happens to pass by a planet just the right way, it can be drawn into a new orbit, one that’ll capture it and keep it coming back around the Sun much more often. 也是问原因和结果的。本题的提示词是so。行星的重力可能改变轨道，使它更短。所以如果当这个彗星经过一个行星时候，它就会被拉到一个新的轨道。
第三篇
12. What is the main purpose of the lecture?
A. To describe the restoration of a valuable ancient text
B. To explain the significance of Archimedes ’theories
C. To identify factors determine how long manuscripts survive
D. To compare various methods used to store historical artifacts
答案：A
解析：
(原文中)So far we have been talking all semester about restoring and preserving pieces of art, like ancient frescos, early oil paintings, etc. But although our field is called art conservation, it also involves…what? 教授说到目前为止，我们整学期都在讨论了关于恢复和保存艺术碎片。然后又说 it also involves…言下之意是今天的讲课还是围绕这个话题。
13. What points does the professor make about the field of art conservation? Click on 2 answers.
A. Many of its methods have ancient origins
B. It often brings together experts from a variety of fields
C. It involves conserving not just art but also other objects of historical value
D. It uses artistic methods more than scientific ones
答案：B,C
解析：
(原文中)There’s a lot of interdisciplinary work. People from several different fields might be involved in working with a single art.
Very good. Not just art. Old artifacts are very valuable when they represent early technologies, all contain important historical information. 教授谈到艺术领域的保护提出了什么观点?回答：1. 这有很多交叉学科工作，人们来自不同领域可能一起解决一个艺术品。2. 不只是艺术品，就算是旧的人造品，在它们展现早期的科技的时候，也是很有价值的，这些都有重要的历史信息。
14. What does the professor identify as the most valuable attribute of the Archimedes Palimpsest?
A. It is one of few manuscriptsto have survived for more than 2000 years
B. It serves as a document of several historical eras
C. It contains the only known copy of Archimedes’ Method
D. It contains ancient works form more than one scholar
答案：C
解析：
(原文中)This Archimedes palimpsest, as it’s now called，is by far the most important palimpsest anyone has ever seen.Because it contains the only known existing copy of Archimedes’treatise, called Method.在听力中听到palimpsest的时候，就要打起精神，因为答案可能就要出现了。原文中教授提到了一个关键词：only, 和题干中 most valuable对应，因此可以知道，正确答案是C。
15. According to the professor, why did a scriber move the text by Archimedes form the manuscript’s pages?
A. He thought the text was too damaged to be useful
B. He was offended by the content of the manuscript
C. He wanted to see what was hidden underneath the text
D. He needed blank parchment for his own writing project
答案：D
解析：教授提问处，下文学生回答 shortage，教授在说 correct
翻译：根据教授，为什么抄写员从手稿中擦出阿基米德的文字?回答：羊皮纸短缺，所以得出他需要空白的羊皮纸给他自己写项目。
(原文中)Professor: Constantinople until 1229 A.D. but then a scribe erased, scraped away the writing as clean as he could in order to use the pages to write his own book on. Why would he do that? Take a guess.
Student: Must have been a paper shortage?
Professor: Well? they used parchment to write on, but yes, there was a parchment shortage.
教授让学生猜猜为什么抄写员要从手稿中擦除阿基米德的文字。学生的猜测是羊皮纸短缺。教授随后肯定了学生的猜测。因此，可以推断出抄写员擦去了阿基米德的字，这样他就有空白的羊皮纸写他自己的东西了。正确答案选D。ABC均是无关项。
16. Why does the professor mentionthat the original ink used in the manuscript contained iron?
A. To suggest that the ink was probably made from spinach
B. To explain why x-rays were used to study the palimpsest
C. To explain why the palimpsest survived for more than 2000 years
D. To point out that iron is commonly found in artifacts from ancient Greece
答案：B
解析：
(原文中)He was reading an article about problems with the palimpsest and it said that there is iron in the original Archimedes’ ink.So he came up with an idea to use the same method of looking at iron in spinach to view the iron on the palimpsest pages.And his idea worked.Bergman’s technique allows X—rays to pass through the forged paintings, pass through the scribe’s writing to hit the iron traces from the ink of the original Archimedes’ text and create an image just of the iron on the pages.听力中提到教授想到了一个物理学家曾运用X射线来检查菠菜中的铁元素，于是想用同样的方法确定羊皮纸中的铁元素。因此，教授提到在手稿中的最初的墨水含有铁元素是为了解释为什么X射线可以用来研究羊皮纸。
17. Why does the professor say this:
A. To express his surprise that the manuscript has survived so long
B. To emphasize the historical importance of Archimedes’ideas
C. To emphasize the difficulty of a restoration project
D. To imply that(待补充)
答案：C
解析：
(原文中)Professor: Correct. Then, even later on, in the twentieth century, a forger painted ancient-looking pictures on several of the pages in order to make the book seem older and increase its value. So unfortunately, that’s quite a history.
Student：But professor Wilkens，if the scribe scraped away Archimedes’words and if these paintings covered the pages，how can the original work be recovered?
Professor：Ah, that’s why I am telling you the story. That’s our task as conservationists, isn’t it?
学生质疑说原稿怎么能被recovered呢?教授回答说这就是我告诉你们这个故事的原因。History和story对应，说明这是艺术修复并不是个简单的任务。