托福听力考试修辞题的答题方法

2022-05-26 06:54:10

  

  基本介绍:

  IBT听力中的修辞题是从听力段落中抽取一段含有某种修辞手法的句子,后明辨该修辞手法的功能和目的。托福听力中常见的修辞方法有比喻,夸张,比拟,接待,反问等等。修辞方法的运用,无非是谈话人为了丰富其语言色彩,达到化平淡为生动,化深奥为浅显,化抽象为具体的效果,或是为了深化谈话人的意图,突出言辞的震撼力。要正确回答修辞类型的提问,考生应结合语境和气氛,深刻领会谈话人的真正目的。

  出现位置:

  IBT听力中的修辞题通常出现在课堂演讲(lectures)部分,在2个长对话,4个课堂演讲中,一般占5至6题。

  出题形式:

  修辞题通常都是以特殊疑问词开头的特殊疑问句,例如:

  Why does the professor say this?(询问使用了何种修辞手段)

  A: To encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

  B: To elicit an answer from the students.

  C: To compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

  D: To describe an imaginative situation.

  How dies the professor illustrate his point about ___? (询问谈话人是如何创造了某种修辞手段的)

  A: by comparing X to Y

  B: by giving an example of X

  Why does the professor say so? (节选了演讲中某一带有修辞用法的部分,让考生回答为什么谈话人用此修辞)

  A: To point out a flaw

  B: To repeat a point

  C: To define an important term

  D: To exemplify a key point

  解题技巧:

  1. 听原文时即可适时判断谈话人的真实意图,谈话人某句讲话修辞手法运用明显之时,往往就是考点出现之处。

  2. 熟悉常用修辞手段,如比喻(又分明喻,暗喻等),夸张,比拟,例证,借代,反问,反复,设问等等。

  3. 注意根据上线问和谈话气氛来综合回答问题,不要脱离主题凭空猜测谈话人的修辞意图。例如:

  (一)

  Professor: Through much of the last century, America’s faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

  Narrator:

  Listen again to a part of the lecture. Then answer the question.

  Professor: …Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

  Why does the professor say this?

  A: To encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

  B: To elicit an answer from the students.

  C: To compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

  D: To describe an imaginative situation.

  解析:

  该题是询问为何使用某种修辞手法。

  从谈话节选段落中我们很容易看出,教授使用的是暗喻的方法。

  该段落大概的意思是:在上个世纪的大部分时间里,美国式民主和自由的信仰如石沉大海,波澜不惊;而今,却如清风拂絮,撒落人间。

  暗喻的方式是为了形成对比,从而激起听者的想象力,活跃课堂谈话的气氛。

  综上所述正确答案为C。

  (二)

  Narrator: Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question.

  Professor: Although that’s a theoretical danger---none of our monkeys showed any untoward side effects---that could occur.

  Why does the professor say so?

  A: To point out the advantage.

  B: To repeat a point

  C: To define an important point.

  D: To exemplify a key point

  解析:

  在看到题目的时候,注意不要脱离修辞谈具体,想想原材料中的具体的情形。

  另外有的干扰选项会脱离原文,即前面所说的不结合上下文和气氛进行臆断。所以要多多注意。

  还有的选项是利用其他修辞手段的特征,混淆正确选项。所以在这方面也要多多注意。

  该题正确选项为A。

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