首先,最重要的一点是每一个同学都应该找到最适合自己的解题方法。根据指令的解题方法(即Part A, Part B, Part C之前的Directions所告诉考生的做题方法),那就是先听磁带,再读选项,最后选答案。这是美国人所希望的解题方法和步骤。根据这样的解题方法和步骤做题,可以反映出考生真实的英文水平。但这种做法恰恰又是最不适合中国考生的做法。原因很简单,我们的考生不擅长听,擅长读。而先听磁带的做法,正是用我们最没有优势的听力去攻克
其次,我们应注意一套题考试难度的变化。每一套题难度变化都呈现出其规律性:一般1-15题较容易,15-25属中等难度,25-30题属于难题。随着题目难度的变化,考生应采取一些相应的对付方法。前十五题能够争取不错,中间十题力争不错,后五题尽可能少错。要想做到这一点,我们应当合理分配注意力,精神集中程度应不断加强。如能在实际操作中做到这一点,你将战无不胜。
再者,我们应当注意掌握每套题都要出现的题型。一般来讲,托福题中经常出现
下列题型:
1) BUT题型。这类题型在托福题中层出不穷,基本每一套托福题中都会有三、四、五道不等,这类题型解题关键是努力听懂but 后面的东西,因为这个地方永远是考点。对一般考生而言,让他将所有的东西都听出来不大可能,因为实力不够。但若是让他听出其中的一点,那就没什么问题。而but 恰恰就是这样一个标志,听见but就该使劲了,一使劲问题也就解决了。试看几例:
a) Does this music bother your studying, Pam?
Actually I’m not studying any more, but I’m trying to sleep. (2000 年1月第23题)
b) Gee, Tom, I hear that you are working as a house painter this summer. It’s got to be awfully hot working up there on a ladder in the blazing sun all day.
Well, it’s hard work, but I get to be outdoors and the pay is decent. (2000 年1月第9题)
c) I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.
I know what you mean. But check out the cost of renting an apartment first, I wouldn’t be surprised if you changed your mind. (2000 年1月第30题)
2) 对一般疑问句回答题型。该类题型在托福听力中不断涌现。一般疑问句在英文中又被叫作Yes or No question,这是因为对这类问题的回答只有两种可能性,要么是yes, 要么是no, 此外别无选择。在实际做题时,此类题型的解题方法和技巧非常简单,那就是如果你听不懂第二个人说的话,你就按照否定第一人的问题去回答,于是你就会得到正确的答案。我常举这样一例:
A: I need to see a dermatologist. You are familiar with Dr. Smith. Do you recommend her?
B: I have been seen by her a few times, and the best I can say for her is she has some interesting magazines in her waiting room.
此句是九五年八月改题之后的一套题的第三十题,事实证明这一点的确很难,要想解决该题,很多同学的实力都达不到。但如果你能运用该题型的技巧,也就是:在对一般疑问句进行回答时,第二人说的话听不懂,只要否定掉就可以的话,你仍然可以得到正确的答案。这种感觉真是让人喜出望外。看看这道题的四个选项,找一找这样的感觉吧!
讲了半天,可能同学还是没有认识到这个题型的重要性。事实上,这种题型还可以进一步推广,即当第一人除了说一个一般疑问句之外,还可以说出一个观点,一个建议,如果第二人说的话,你还是觉得不识庐山真面目时,不妨也采用这样的做题方法。
此类题型的例句举不胜举,再看几例,体会体会:
a) Did you meet the new teacher yesterday?
I’ve been sick for 3 days.
b) Have you read this month’s issue of Inquiry?
What journal is that?
c) Did you ask Shirley to go to the dance with you?
She is away at a conference until tomorrow.
d) Were you able to get your own locker at the Gym?
They’re temporarily out of them. I’ve to check again next week.
e) Do you think Janet will spend a week in the country with us?
Only if she can tear herself away from her books.
f) Should I buy this exercise record for Linda for her birthday?
She already has the cassette.
g) Will you come to my poetry reading next week?
I’ll be out of town then.
h) Have you heard who won the election?
I missed the news and haven’t had time to read the paper.
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