1. The natural balance between prey and predator has been increasingly______, most frequently by human intervention.
(A) celebrated
(B) predicted
(C) observed
(D) disturbed
(E) questioned
(F) interrupted
2. There is perhaps some truth in that waggish old definition of a scholar—a siren that calls attention to a fog without doing anything to______it.
(A) describe
(B) cause
(C) analyze
(D) dispel
(E) dissipate
(F) thicken
3. Foucault’s rejection of the concept of continuity in Western thought, though radical, was not unique; he had _____ in the United States who, without knowledge of his work, developed parallel ideas.
(A) critics
(B) counterparts
(C) equivalents
(D) disciples
(E) readers
(F) publisher
4. Calculus, though still indispensable to science and technology, is no longer _____; it has an equal partner called discrete mathematics.
(A) preeminent
(B) pertinent
(C) beneficial
(D) essential
(E) pragmatic
(F) singular
5. Fashion is partly a search for a new language to discredit the old, a way in which each generation can _____its immediate predecessor and distinguish itself.
(A) honor
(B) repudiate
(C) disavow
(D) condone
(E) placate
(F) emulate
6. While nurturing parents can compensate for adversity, cold or inconsistent parents may _____it.
(A) exacerbate
(B) neutralize
(C) aggravate
(D) eradicate
(E) ameliorate
(F) relieve
7. A misconception frequently held by novice writers is that sentence structure mirrors thought: the more convoluted the structure, the more _____ the ideas.
(A) complicated
(B) inconsequential
(C) elementary
(D) fanciful
(E) blatant
(F) complex
8. Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry, even now only a few independent observers _____ his works.
(A) praise
(B) revile
(C) merit
(D) scrutinize
(E) criticize
(F) neglect
9. Marshall’s confrontational style could alienate almost anyone: he even antagonized a board of directors that included a number of his supporters and that had a reputation for not being easily _____.
(A) intimidated
(B) mollified
(C) provoked
(D) irritated
(E) reconciled
(F) motivated
10. Aptly enough, this work so imbued with the notion of changing times and styles has been constantly _____ over the years, thereby reflecting its own mutability.
(A) appreciated
(B) emulated
(C) altered
(D) criticized
(E) revised
(F) reprinted