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Section 19
1. Slight but ________variation in the timing of the star's pulses led astronomers to deduce that it was being pulled backwards and forwards by three planets orbiting around it.
A. subtle
B. regular
C. undetectable
D. inconsequential
E. explicable
2. Blake’s reputation for weakness is________: almost all who have worked with him say he is a disciplined, intellectually formidable, and very tough politician.
A. specious
B. pervasive
C. irreversible
D. trivial
E. ambivalent
3. Unlike the elected branches of the United States government, where making personal connection with citizens is (i)________ and almost (ii)________ political efficacy, the United States Supreme Court continues to maintain that its members should communicate with the public almost exclusively through formed opinions — and even then through ceremonial rituals that date back to the nineteenth century.
Blank (i)
A. frowned upon
B. rampant
C. disregarded
Blank (ii)
D. a requirement for
E. a detriment
F. an irrelevance to
4. Scientists said that cosmology was the field where the ratio of theory to data was (i)________: there was an abundance of theories, but almost no data. Recently, however, that ratio has flipped. A huge and ever-increasing amount of data has (ii)________ all theories but one.
Blank (i)
A. completely unknown
B. nearly infinite
C. always various
Blank (ii)
D. eliminated
E. supported
F. clarified
5. The material covered in this article has been (i)________ in previous publications, and since currently neglected areas remained unexplored, the article contains no (ii)________.
Blank (i)
A. skirted
B. scrutinized
C. countered
Blank (ii)
D. revelations
E. distortions
F. conclusions
6. The historian of ancient science Otto Neugebauer concluded that Babylonian astronomical texts are (i)________ because everything has been eliminated from the astronomy except observations and the mathematical consequences of an initial hypothesis about the fundamental character of the astronomical movements. This judgment cohered with the high level of mathematical theory. Which (ii)________ mathematical computation together with empirical observation as (iii)________ of science and denied any role to speculative hypotheses of a strongly theoretical nature.
Blank (i)
A. questionable
B. scientific
C. limited
Blank (ii)
D. repudiated
E. admitted
F. confounded
Blank (iii)
G. end result
H. necessary characteristics
I. discredited path
7. Noise suppression in phones can play an important role in making cellphone networks more efficient, since when sounds that are ________ to the meaningful signal are transmitted, precious network bandwidth is wasted.
A. unsuitable
B. detrimental
C. irrelevant
D. confined
E. limited
F. extraneous
8. The reconstruct known work is beautiful and also probably ____: it is the only Hebrew verse written by a woman.
A. singular
B. unique
C. archaic
D. counterfeit
E. valuable
F. fake
9. Joshua Gisemba Bagaka found that the pedagogical results of group projects and other engaged learning activities in Kenyan mathematics classroom were ________; such activities, then, may not be the best way of improving mathematics education.
A. overstated
B. counterintuitive
C. mixed
D. discouraging
E. inconsistent
F. inexplicable
10. Much of the literature of railroad seeks someone to _______, and it is thus replete with encomiums on entrepreneurs and managers.
A. indict
B. rehabilitate
C. exalt
D. valorize
E. emulate
F. excoriate
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