11. But for most of us adults, the adolescent years occupy a _______ place in our memories, which to some degree is even quantifiable: Give a grown adult a series of random prompts and cues, and odds are he or she will recall a _______ number of memories from adolescence.
privileged 享有特权的
disproportionate 不成比例的
12. Lately, the drive to fix the climate has taken the form of large-scale geoengineering projects designed to reverse the effects of global warming. Such projects — launching mirrors into space to reflect solar radiation away from the earth, for instance — are vastly more ______ than anything a 19th-century rainmaker could have cooked up, and would employ much more sophisticated technology. What’s unclear, as one looks back at the history of weather modification research, is whether all that technology makes it any more likely that our ambitions will be ______, or if it just stands to make our _______ that much more devastating.
ambitious 野心勃勃的;有雄心的
realized 实现的;已实现
failure 失败
13.A minor shortcoming of the book, ______ the recognition of the difficulty of doing direct research in Hong Kong, is So’s reliance on secondary sources to tell the story of Hong Kong’s political development. Previous histories of the period _______ his research. Given So’s __________ many of the players, it is surprising that the did no use interviews and other forms of direct research to delve further into the motivations, strategies, and tactics of participants.
tempered by 以……来缓和/调节的
play a large role in 发挥很大的作用
proximity to 靠近
14.“The ‘school-first’ paradigm is so ________ that few scientists, educators, or policy makers question it. This despite two important facts: Average Americans spend less than 5 percent of their life in classrooms, and an ever-growing body of evidence demonstrates that most science is learned outside of school.”
pervasive 普遍的;到处渗透的
15.There are far too many ______ in the report, such as incorrect data (albeit on _____ points), inconsistency between the text and related tables, and discrepancies between the citations and the references
little errors 小失误
minor 小的，次要的
16.Biologists have little ______ in linking humans’ success to their _______. The ability to ________, to make individuals subordinate their strong sense of self-interest to the needs of the group, lies at the root of human achievement.
hesitation 犹豫
sociality 社会性
cooperate 合作，配合
17.Experiments have shown that it is shockingly easy to elicit a sense of ________ among a group of strangers. Just tell them they’ll be working together as a team, and they immediately start working together as a team, all the while attributing to each other a host of positive qualities like trustworthiness and competence – an instant five-star customer review.
solidarity 团结，团结一致
18.The point of the book, Dr. Krauss, a self-described nonbeliever, writes at the outset, is not to try to make people lose their faith, but to illuminate how modern science has changed the meaning of nothingness from a _____ philosophical concept to something we can almost put under a lab microscope.
vague 模糊的;含糊的
19.Today, we know that the parallels between human communities and insect states ______________. The amazing degree of cooperation found among social insects is essentially due to the strong family ties within ant hills or bee hives. Humans, by contrast, often collaborate with non-related partners.
do not reach very far 没有距离很远
20.It is important to differentiate between scientifically inaccurate ideas that are conceptually __________ and understandings that are inaccurate, yet productive, and that can ________ learning of more sophisticated understandings. The former are simply wrong; the latter can be seen as incomplete, overly simplistic, or tied to only a few limited contexts.
unproductive 非生产性的;徒劳的
foster 培养;养育