49. Most striking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish is eye placement：
before maturity one eye migrates，so that in an adult flatfish both eyes are on the same side of the
head. (3+)
在一条成年比目鱼身上显著存在的诸多不对称(asymmetry)特征中，最为吸人注目的是眼
睛的摆位：在成年之前，一只眼睛发生移动，因此在成年比目鱼身上，两只眼睛均位于头部
的同一侧面。难句类型：倒装、省略
50. A critique of Handlin’s interpretation of why legal slavery did not appear until the 1660’s
suggests that assumptions about the relation between slavery and racial prejudice should be
reexamined , and that explanations for the different treatment of Black slaves in North and South
America should be expanded .(4)一个对于H 的关于为何法律上的奴隶制没有在17 世纪60
年代以前出现的原因所作解释的批评显示，关于奴隶制和种族偏见之间的关系的假说应当重
新检查，而且显示出，对于在北美和南美之间的对黑怒的不同处理的解释应当被扩展。难句
类型：复杂修饰、省略
51. The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic
rocks found on oceanic islands，islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the
lower mantle，are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the mid-ocean ridge
system， whose source，most geologists contend，is the upper mantle. (5 -)
对于地幔分层论点来说，最好的证据乃这样一个确认的事实，即在那些海洋岛屿——这些岛
屿据信是源于由下层地幔升上来的地幔柱状溶岩流(mantle plume)——上发现的火山岩石，
是由与海洋中部山脊系统的物质根本不同的物质构成的，而这一海洋中部山脊系统的成因，
大多数地质学家论辩道，为上部地幔。难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语
52. Some geologists，however，on the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths，
argue that the mantle is not layered，but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in
"incompatible elements" (elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state)percolating
upward and transforming portions of the upper mantle irregularly，according to the vagaries of
the fluids’ pathways. (4+)
但是，某些地质学家，以对地幔捕虏岩体(xenolith)所作的观察为依据，指出地幔并非是
分层排列的，相反，地幔的异质性是由那些富含“不相容成分”的流质构成的，这些成分趋向
于流体而非固体的状态，自下而上渗透扩散，并依照这些流质流向的任意性，不规则地将上
部地幔的某些部分予以改变。难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语
53. Fallois proposed that Proust had tried to begin a novel in 1908, abandoned it for what was to
be a long demonstration of Saint-Beuve’s blindness to the real nature of great writing , found the
essay giving rise to personal memories and fictional developments ,and allowed these to take over
it a steadily developing novel. (5 -)F 认为，P 在1908 年试图开始写一部小说，又为了写一
部批判S-B 的 伟大作品的真正本质的视而不见的长篇的证明而放弃了这部小说，其后又发
现这一论文又勾起了其个人记忆及小说情节的萌生，使得后者取而代之形成了一部稳定展开
的小说。难句类型：复杂修饰、抽象词
54. The very richness and complexity of the meaningful relationships that kept presenting
and rearranging themselves on all levels，from abstract intelligence to profound dreamy
feelings， made it difficult for Proust to set them out coherently. (5)
各种有意义的联系在所有的层次上，自抽象的理性至深刻的梦幻般的情感，层出不穷并不断
重新组合排列;正是这些有意义的联系的丰富性和复杂性，致使普鲁斯特难于将它们错落有
致地安排好。难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、抽象词
55. But those of who hoped, with Kolb, that Kolb’s newly published complete edition of
Proust’s correspondence for 1909 would document the process in greater detail are disappointed.
(4)
但是我们当中的那些希望(也算上K 本人)K 新出版的P1909 年书信的全集能够更加详细
的记录下这一过程的人都大失所望。
56. Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it ,
passing from a sovereign people to compatriots with newly arriving settlers to , finally ，a
conquered people – a charter minority on our own land. (5 -)现在我们必须也按照我们墨西哥
裔的美国人的经历来审视这个文化，
同胞，在最终沦落成为一个被征服的民族——在我们自己的土地上的契约的少数民族。 难
句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、固定搭配
57. It is possible to make specific complementary DNA’s (cDNA’s)that can serve as molecular
probes to seek out the messenger RNA’s (mRNA’s)of the peptide hormones. If brain cells are
making the hormones，the cells will contain these Mrna’S. If the products the brain cells make
resemble the hormones but are not identical to them，then the cDNA’s should still bind to
these mRNA’s，but should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNA’s for the true hormones.
(4)
科学家可以制造出特异的(specific)互补DNA’s(cDNA’s)，以此作为分子探子(molecular
probe)，探觅出肽激素的信使RNA’s(mRNA’s)。如果大脑正在制造着肽激素，则细胞就会
含有这些信使RNA’s.假若细胞所制造的产品类似于肽激素但并非与这些肽激素全然相同，
那么，互补cDNA’s 应仍然和这些信使mDNA’s 粘结的程度。含有这些mRNA’s 的脑细胞然
后就可以被分离开来，研究者可对其信使RNA’s 进行解码，以确定它们的蛋白质产品究竟
是什么，并确定这些蛋白质产品在何种程度上类似于真正的肽激素。难句类型：易混词
58. The molecular approach to detecting peptide hormones using cDNA probes should also be
much faster than the immunological method because it can take years of tedious purifications
to isolate peptide hormones and then develop antiserums to them. (4)
采用cDNA 探子来测定肽激素的这一分子生物学方法同时也应该比免疫学的方法速度来得
快，因为对于免疫的方法来说，需耗费好几年枯燥的提纯进程，方能将肽素分离了出来，然
后再培养出针对它们的抗血清。难句类型：复杂修饰、易混指代
59. Nevertheless, researchers of the Pleistocene epoch have developed all sorts of more or less
fanciful model schemes of how they would have arranged the Ice Age had they been in charge of
events.(3+)
然而，研究P 时代的研究者发展除了各种各样的或多或少有些奇怪思想的模型系统，用来
显示如果由他们来决定地质事件的话他们将会如何安排冰川纪。难句类型：复杂修饰、倒装、
修辞
60. This succession was based primarily on a series of deposits and events not directly related
to glacial and interglacial periods，rather than on the more usual modern method of studying
biological remains found in interglacial beds themselves interstratified within glacial deposits.
(4)
这一序列演替(succession)所依据的，主要是一系列与冰川期和间冰期并不直接相关的地
质沉积物和地质事件，而不是依据更为普遍的现代方法，去研究间冰层(interglacial bed)
中所发现的生物残留物，而这些间冰层本身又在冰川沉积物发生间层化(interstatified)。难
句类型：复杂修饰、省略、易淆指代