由于雅思考试设计的科学性和权威性，雅思成绩正在受到更多学校的认可，相应的考试人数也正在攀升，特别是2014年年底曾经出现考位‘一位难求’的现象，口语考试更是经常被提前。截止到12月20号的最后一场考试，2014年度共有48场考试，口语分别在1月，5月，9月进行大规模的换新题。本报告将基于这 48场考试和众考生回忆，以part one，part two和part three为顺序，进行总结和分析。主要关注口语考试出题动向和题型分析。同时，还将提出一些相关的答题思路和复习建议，希望帮助2015年的考生加深对考试的理解，准备考试时做到心中有数。
1. Part One没有意外，高频主旋律依然为旧题
2014年，part one依然运用了3个题库，比较集中的换题月份为1月，5月和9月，没有意外的，hometown，accommodation还有studies/ work依然荣登高频题的榜首，绝大多数考生在第一部分中会被问到以上的话题。除了以上提到的4个超级高频话题，其他的话题分布如下的列表所示：
|
2014-1 to 4 |
2014-5 to 8 |
2014-9 to 12 |
|
Animals |
Animals |
Animals |
|
Being busy |
Cars |
Advertisement |
|
bicycles |
Concentration |
Cars |
|
birthdays |
Cooking |
Colors |
|
Cooking |
Clothes |
Dictionary |
|
Clothes |
Dictionary |
Food |
|
Dictionary |
Food |
Gifts |
|
History |
Gifts |
History |
|
Housework |
Housework |
Housework |
|
Internet |
Internet |
Languages |
|
Languages |
Languages |
Maps |
|
Leisure time |
Leisure time |
Museums |
|
Music |
Maps |
Names |
|
Names |
Museums |
Noise |
|
Parties |
Music |
Neighbors |
|
photography |
Names |
Photography |
|
Politeness |
Neighbours |
Shoes |
|
Rain |
Noise |
Shopping |
|
relatives |
Parks |
Street market |
|
Shopping |
Rain |
Teachers |
|
Singing |
Shopping |
Television |
|
Sunshine |
Television |
Transportation |
|
Television |
Time |
Weather&Season |
|
Time |
Toys |
Weekends |
|
Train |
Train |
Writing |
|
Walking |
Weekends |
其中，标注黄色的为5-8月的新题;红色和绿色为9-12月的新题，其中粉红色为1-4月中出现过，但在9-12月又重新回归的话题。#p#副标题#e#
2014年，part one话题频率如下：
|
Animals |
Housework |
Languages |
Names |
Shopping |
Television |
Cars |
Cooking |
Clothes |
Dictionary |
History |
|
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
Internet |
Maps |
Museums |
Music |
Neighbors |
Photography |
Rain |
Time |
Weekends |
Train |
Gifts |
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
不难发现，其中全年使用的，即出现过3次的话题并非全新的题目，而是使用过至少3年的旧题目。所以，没有意外的话，在2015年的考试中会继续延续使用的概率会比较低。而使用过2次的的题目，则很可能在2015年1月的考试中继续沿用，考生们可以认真准备。而只使用过1次的题且又出现在年末的一些旧题，比如food，photography，transportation，要着重准备。关于新题，其实只出现了shoes和street market比较‘不脸熟’的两个话题，但与旧题中的shopping都有很高的关联度，貌似对词汇十分有针对性，可是答题的时候并不需要专业词汇。可见part one在2014年出题还是依照贴近生活的核心，出题还是没有意外，比较体现出‘聊天’的特点。
2. Part two
其中我们先来看人物题People：
|
2014-1 to 4 |
2014-5 to 8 |
2014-9 to 12 |
|
an intelligent person |
an intelligent person |
An old man you respect |
|
an old person you enjoy talking to |
a person who has an interesting job |
A relative you like to spend time with |
|
a person you want to spend time with |
a neighbour you helped |
A person who has an interesting job |
|
a famous person in your country |
a friend you haven't seen for a long time |
a beautiful or a handsome person |
|
a popular comic/cartoon character you like |
a popular comic/cartoon character you like |
A friend from school |
|
a famous person (you want to meet not from your country) |
A person you want to similar to in the future |
|
|
A musician, a singer or a band in your country |
||
|
A famous foreign person you want to see |
||
|
A sports star |
从以上表格中可以看出一个有意思的现象，就是人物题目的数量大幅增加，最后一季较第一季增长了接近50%。而且出现了几个全新的题目，分别是‘a beautiful or a handsome person’‘A person you want to similar to in the future’，但人物题的内容基本上还是可以从普通人和明星两类题去入手。所以建议考生2015年准备人物题的时候，还是要着重合并。#p#副标题#e#
事件题 Events
|
2014-1 to 4 |
2014-5 to 8 |
2014-9 to 12 |
|
A positive experience during teenager time |
An indoor game you played when were a kid |
An indoor game you played when were a kid |
|
A decision took you a long time to make |
A sports game |
A time you were far away from home |
|
A competition you would like to take part in |
A busy time |
A good habit your friend have |
|
An event that changed your life in a good way |
A successful thing your friend did |
A traffic jam |
|
A family business you know |
A family celebration |
A family celebration |
|
An interesting conversation with a strange |
A time when you forgot to do something |
Something you did wasted your time |
|
A special meal |
An occasion you helped others |
An occasion you waited for some one |
|
A group you like to take part in |
An event changed your life |
An occasion you helped others |
|
Something you like to do with an old person from your family |
A good service offered by a restaurant or a company |
|
|
A time you moved into a new home or school |
A wedding |
|
|
An occasion you invited friends for meals at restaurant or home |
||
|
A project/homework in your study |
事件题从数量上来看，3个题库没有明显的变化。但考生们要注意的是，在前两季的题库中，旧题较多，或者即便是有换了的题，也是旧题的回归比较多，例如 ‘A family celebration’ ‘An occasion you helped others’。并且内容也比较传统的延续了家庭聚会，节日或者与自身变化相关。但是要注意的是，最后一个题库事件题变化比较大，其中标注黄色的都是全新的题目，在以往考试中没有出现过。建议考生2015年放注意力在事件题的联系上。在备考时要练习‘联想’能力，也就是即便考试遇到新题，也可以比较自如的将所学的语料整合应用到新题中，不至于在考场上现场编造。#p#副标题#e#
地点题 Places
|
2014-1 to 4 |
2014-5 to 8 |
2014-9 to 12 |
|
A beautiful house /apartment |
A country you want to go recently |
A park |
|
A historic building |
A beautiful place which u want have a home |
A foreign country you want to go for the first time |
|
A tourist attraction |
A park/garden |
A historical/interesting building |
|
A place near water |
A important building in ur country |
A school you went when you were a kid |
|
An interesting country (not your own) |
A far away from home place you that have been to |
A place where you want to have as home |
|
A park (garden) you visit |
A place you visited where you learned something about another culture |
|
|
A place you visited where you learned something about another culture |
A restaurant |
|
|
A restaurant |
A school you when you are a young child |
与人物题形成对比的是，地点题在2014年最后一个季度数量骤减，只剩下5个高频的题目。其中1-4月的题目中，还是非常传统的采用了旅游景点，公园和饭店等几个经典的老题目。5-8月，开始将侧重点从考‘自然’的一些地点向旅游的国家或者学校这些偏‘人造城市’的地点转移。而到了9-12月，‘人造’相关的经典则成为了主流。值得一提的是，2014地点题没有全新题目加入，只是旧题的回归。#p#副标题#e#
物品题 Objects
|
2014-1 to 4 |
2014-5 to 8 |
2014-9 to 12 |
|
Something you saved money for |
A magazine you like to read |
A magazine you like to read |
|
A photo |
Something you brought from a trip |
Something you shared with others |
|
An interesting wild animal in your country |
Something you bought but not used often |
An interesting wild animal in your country |
|
A thing you can’t live without |
An equipment you’re unfamiliar with |
Something you bought but not used often |
|
A gift you received when you were a kid |
A gift you received when were a kid |
Something you borrowed from others |
|
A popular product made in China |
Something you shared with others |
Something you brought from a trip |
|
A piece of art |
An interesting wild animal in your country |
An advertisement you like |
|
A popular/useful website |
A broken equipment |
A photo |
|
An important letter |
An important letter |
A foreign movie |
|
An antique in your family that you kept for a long time |
Your first cellphone |
A broken equipment |
|
An advertisement you like |
A piece of clothes you need to wear in special occasion |
An important letter |
|
Your favorite season |
An advertisement you like |
Your first cellphone |
|
A subject you didn’t like at school |
A book you want to recommend to others |
|
|
A book someone recommended |
A law you like in your country |
|
|
A useful advice you received |
||
|
A radio/TV program |
||
|
A prize you won |
||
|
A useful application |
||
|
A handmade gift for your friend |
物品题数量和变化较多，最高频出现的题目如下，
其中不变的是物品题的数量在四类题中依然是最多的，特别是最后一季。其中在5-8月放入的新题，比如说‘Your First Cellphone’，‘A broken equipment’等都是旧题目的回归。9-12月也有众多的老题强势回归，比如电视和广播节目。这类回归的题对于考生来说比较好把握，因为物品题大类别可以分为‘有形’和‘无形’物品，其中书籍，电视，电影等都可以算作‘无形’物品的经典，可以轻松的合并，且在考前容易准备。但我们同时可以看到，很多全新题都加入了比较强的‘个人经历’元素。比如, ’A Prize You Won’, ‘A handmade gift’，这些都是开始一看会觉得很难说，但其实可以与事件题中的一些‘个人经历’结合，比如赢得体育赛事的奖项，或者与地点题结合，将自己写的旅游地点攻略作为‘Handmade gift’。这也就要求考生可以做到夸类别的结合。最后，还有一些题目非常的‘与时俱进’，最典型的就是‘A Useful App’，手机软件也非常入时的加入了物品题的队伍。2015，预计物品题还会继续沿用旧题，但在新题方面应该也是最有潜力可变化，但会与生活息息相关，也就是说会‘充满惊喜，但又在意料之中’。#p#副标题#e#
3. Part three
Part three讨论部分，是三部分中难度比较高的一部分，但是其地位也是不可忽视的，特别是想要拿到高分的同学，在第三部分中的回答更要出彩。主要要体现出回答问题的逻辑性和辩证思维方式。虽然由于考生的水平不同，考官会借自由发挥提出不同内容的问题，但其出题方式还是非常有规律可寻的。
3.1 ‘对比题’地位依然屹立不倒
Part three中非常高频出现的就是对比的题，其集中于对比男女，老幼，地域，时间, 方式等等上的不同，例如今天出现在考生回忆中的，‘For young children, which is most effective, giving advice or giving training?’(方式),’How do you think people's life-styles today are different to people's lifestyles in the past?’(时间), ‘Is there much difference between the exercise that young people do and the exercise that old(er) people do?’(老幼)。这一类的对比题比较偏重于考核考生的归纳总结能力，也是比较传统的一种题型。在准备的时候，其实可以尝试提前准备好男女之间的差别和老幼之间的差异化，以应对这一类的对比题。在2014年中，还有一类对比题的比重也开始上升，比如，‘Which way do you think is easier for saving money? Using credit card or using cash?’。与传统归纳式的比较题不同的是，这类题需要考生在开头就做出相应的选择，然后阐述选择的一方优点，并对比出为选择一方的缺点。这种题对考生的要求更高，建议考试的时候迅速反映，选择擅长或较熟悉的一方作答。
3.2 委婉客观的语气是真理
在part three中考官常常会让考生‘预测predict’或展望未来的变化，亦或是归纳总结某个话题的特点特征，例如, ‘What kinds of sport will be popular in your country?’ (未来预测) ‘What qualities does a TV celebrity need to have?’(观点归纳总结) 而这些题型的特征是，在短短几十秒的回答中，无论如何也做不到全面。所以这个时候如果使用比较弱的语气，会更容易体现出精准度。建议考试加入能表示推断的语气词，比如说情态动词might，may或者加入一些表示可能的形容词和副词，probably，possible等。会令语气更加客观，从而体现出英语预测和推断的功能。
3.3 优点缺点不能落
有些考试会感觉准备part three的时候无从下手，原因是感觉part three是考官现场出题，自己提前无法准备或者预料。其实，在part three中有一类题的出题率也很高，在2014年的考试中依然高频的出现，就是指出相关话题的优缺点。所以建议考生在准备part two的时候，可以顺势想一下自己要说的内容主体，针对社会一些主体人群来说，例如，children， teenagers 或者old persons等等，有什么益处和弊端。同时，准备一些表达‘优点’和‘缺点’的同义替换词，以便于应对这种题型。
总的来说，今年的题目变化时间和数量，较往年没有明显变化。内容上也没有大的改革，但在实际考试中，问题的难度上略有提高，但整体思路没有明显变化。希望大家认真备考，2015考试好运!