DELTA冲刺试题
TEST 2
A hydropower facility consists of a plant for electricity production and a water reservoir formed by a darn in a river. The dam has gates that can open or close depending on how much water is needed to produce a certain amount of electricity. The electricity is transported through transmission lines to an electric utility company.
Hydropower is very convenient because it can respond quickly to fluctuations in demand. The production of hydroelectricity is increased on hot summer afternoons when power is needed for air conditioners and decreased at night when people use less energy. The reservoir of water behind the darn is stored energy that can support fisheries and provide various forms of water—based recreation for local residents and tourists. Thus, hydropower reservoirs contribute to the local economy and quality of life. Hydroelectricity is “clean and green.” Once the system has been installed, the burning of fossil fuels is not required to produce the electricity. Hydropower is good for the environment because it does not release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere nor produce waste that requires special containment, as do other forms of energy production. After the water powers the turbines, it simply returns unchanged to the water cycle.
Hydroelectric power is also very efficient and relatively inexpensive. The earth’s water cycle naturally replenishes the supply of “fuel” water. Wherever enough rain falls, there will be rivers. If a particular section of river has the right terrain to form a reservoir, it may be suitable for dam construction. Modem hydroelectric turbines can convert as much as 90 percent of the available energy into electricity. In contrast, the best fossil-fuel plants are only about 50 percent efficient.
Question:
Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they contradict specific points made in the reading passage.
1. 阅读要点概括
Key point 1: Hydropower reservoirs contribute to the local economy and quality of life.
Key point 2: Hydroelectricity is “clean and green” because it does not release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere nor produce waste that requires special containment.
Key point 3: Hydroelectricity is clean and green.
Key point 4: The earth’s water cycle naturally replenishes the supply of fuel water.
2. 听力要点概括
Key point 1: Hydropower facilities are not always convenient for everyone because some people are forced to move when a dam is built in their community.
Key point 2: Hydroelectricity causes long-term environmental hazards and toxic waste in the buildup of silt behind the dams, which will eventually be expensive to clean up.
Key point 3: Huge dams built for hydroelectricity remove water needed for healthy river ecosystems, harming bird and fish populations.
Key point 4: Even through water is naturally recurring resource, the water supply is subject to natural conditions that make water as a source of fuel unreliable in the long run.
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