TPO (TOEFL Practice Online) 是美国教育考试服务中心(Educational Testing Service，简称ETS)专为参加托福TPO28口语Task4答题技巧及模版：
Read a passage from a business textbook. You will have 45 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.
Refute-and-Persuade
Sometimes companies realize that consumers may have developed a negative impression of a product. One way in which they can resolve this problem is by using an advertising technique known as refute-and-persuade. Refute-and-persuade means that in advertising a product, the company first indicates its awareness of the product’s disadvantage. But then the company refutes or challenges that disadvantage by demonstrating how the advantage of buying and using the product makes up for any limitation it may have. In this way, companies can persuade consumers to purchase a product despite its drawbacks.
Now listen to part of a lecture in a business class.
Explain how the example of the television advertisement for pots and pans from the lecture illustrates the technique of refute and persuade.
1、题目关键词：explain the example, the concept
2、答题要领：
(1)briefly state the main idea of the reading passage
(2)concentrating on the idea given by the professor. When orally summarizing the lecture, test takers are supposed to include the main points and some examples as well.
3、阅读材料要点：
(1) Sometimes companies realize that consumers may have developed a negative impression of a product.
(2) Refute-and-persuade means that in advertising a product, the company first indicates its awareness of the product’s disadvantage. But then the company refutes or challenges that disadvantage by demonstrating how the advantage of buying and using the product makes up for any limitation it may have.
4、听力材料要点：
(1) The professor gives an example of an advertisement that he watched on TV about a famous company’s pots and pans.
(2) A professional cook comes and says that these pots and pans are so expensive that most people may not want to pay that much money on these.
(3) But she says that these pots and pans will save you money in the long run because they come with a special lifetime warranty, which means that the company will replace them for free any time they go wrong.
5、模板：
(1) In this set of materials, the reading passage is (the title of the reading passage) and the listening material is a lecture by a professor on the same topic. 当然，如果你觉得你的听力材料的理解率很高也不用谈及阅读材料中的内容。只是第一段说起来实在太easy了。
(2) In the reading passage, it introduces a concept called…
(3) In the lecture, the professor… 不但要包括观点而且要包括教授所给的例子。
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