一、理论知识
1. 直译法
honeymoon\mad cow disease\hot line\ talk show\gene therapy\chain reaction
bull’s eye
bicycle people
milky way
靶心、骑自行车的人、银河
2. 意译
as timid as hare 胆小如兔
day student 白天的学生
in the dark 在黑暗中
cash crops 现金庄稼
胆小如鼠、走读生、一无所知、经济作物
He had one foot in the grave.
他已经有一只脚踏进坟墓了
他已经是风烛残年了
The medicinal herb helps a cough.
这种草药帮助咳嗽
这种草药可以治疗咳嗽
理解、表达(直译结合意译)、校对
二、词
1. 根据词性确定词义
The earth is not completely round.
Let’s go into the hall and have a look round.
They are dancing in a round.
He worked round the day.
The boy’s eyes rounded with excitement.
圆的 形容词
转一转 副词
一圈 名词
一整天 介词
睁得圆圆的 动词
2. 根据上下文确定词义
The story of their sufferings moved us deeply.
Work on the new building is moving quickly.
The government’s opinions on this matter haven’t moved.
She moves in the highest circles of society.
Unless the employers move quickly, there will be strike.
打动
进展
改变
生活
采取措施
3. 根据汉语表达习惯确定词义
I think your suggestion will work.
The new treatment works like magic.
My watch doesn’t work.
The sea works high.
She worked her way to the front.
The new regulation is working well.
行得通
疗效
走
汹涌起伏
挤到
执行
4. 通过抽象化加以引申
They have their smiles and tears.
微笑和眼泪
We insist that international trade should not be a one-way street.
单行道
I have no head for mathematics.
没有头脑
欢乐与悲哀
有来无往
没有天赋
5. 通过具体化加以引申
The car in front of me stopped, and I missed the green.
绿色 绿灯
Perhaps the only trouble with copper is that it is not hard enough for some uses.
麻烦 缺点
6. 增加原文中省略的部分
Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man.
A fool and his words are soon parted; a man of genius and his money.
Without a sense of your fault, how can repentance an amendment be expected?
Students should learn from teachers and vice versa.
读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,写作使人准确
愚人会很快忘记说过的话,智者会很快放弃手里的钱
如果你对自己的错误都不能认识到,怎么能指望你悔改呢
学生应该向老师学习,老师也应该向学生学习
7. 从语法角度去省略
The significance of a man is not in what he attained but rather in what he longs to attain.
It is the people who are really powerful.
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
On July 1, 1997, Hong Kong returned to the People’s Republic of China.
Delivery must be affected within the time stated on the purchase order.
人生的意义不在于已经获取的,而在于渴望得到什么样的东西
人民才是最强大的
冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
1997年7月,
必须在购货单规定的时间交货
8. 重复法
This has been our position—but not theirs.
We talked of ourselves, of our prospects, of the journey, of the weather, of each other—of everything.
He hated failure; he had conquered it all his life, risen above it, despised it in others.
#p#分页标题#e#这一直是我们的立场—而不是他们的立场
我们谈到自己,谈到前途,谈到旅程,谈到天气,谈到彼此的情况—谈到所有的一切事情
他讨厌失败,他一生中曾战胜失败,超越失败,并且藐视别人的失败