Anecdote (奇闻轶事)
术语解析：发生在一个人身上的简短而有趣的经历。
举例：I remember spending long hot sunny Summer holidays at the seaside or at the park. As young and adventurous children, we would spend hours climbing trees in the nearby woods or scouring the beaches for seashells. It was glorious.
Allusion (典故)
术语解析：援引文学作品中的典故、谚语、俗语等来暗示道理。
举例：Martin Luther King, Jr., alluded to the Gettysburg Address in starting his "I Have a Dream" speech by saying "Five score years ago..."; his hearers were immediately reminded of Abraham Lincoln's "Four score and seven years ago", which opened the Gettysburg Address. King's allusion effectively called up parallels in two historic moments without overwhelming his speech with details.
Simile & Metaphor (明喻和暗喻)
术语解析：将本质上不同的两个事物(本体和喻体)放在一起对比，说明道理，明喻中会出现比喻词as/like，暗喻中不会出现比喻词。
举例：A situation like the September 11 attacks, when the towers themselves turned into ticking clocks, and people higher up needed every minute of evacuation time they could get before the buildings collapsed on top of them. (Simile)
The towers did not literally turn into ticking clocks, but the metaphor conveys the urgency of the situation for the people in the buildings. (Metaphor)
Personification (拟人)
术语解析：使物具备人的特征，称之为拟人。
举例：The wind sang her mournful song through the falling leaves.
Irony (讽刺)
术语解析：要表达的意思是字面上相反的含义。
举例：Now, he had not even a penny with him and did not have to think about what to eat for lunch, wonderful!(这里的wonderful就是讽刺)
Parallel Structure (平行结构)
术语解析：一句话或一篇文章中一组词或短语的重复使用，来起到强调的效果。
举例：Our eyes allow us to register information not only from across the room but also from across the universe.
Rhetorical question (反问)
术语解析：不需要回答的问题。
举例：When you get “it,” what did you get?
Hyperbole (夸张)
术语解析：为了达到强调或滑稽的效果，故意言过其实。
举例：I’m so tired I could sleep for a year.
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