一、现象法
这种开头方式是最为常用的,现象法的结构为:
1)现象概述+社会效应
2)回答assignment问题,陈述自己的观点
3)例子段落承接
在现象法中常用的一些单词(部分):
事件: issue, problem,question
热门,棘手:hot,heated, Urgent,burning,pressing,pervasive,rampant
争论:debate,argument, controversy,dispute
一致,同意:unanimous ,consensus,in complete accord
引起注意:in the limelight,brought into attention,focus,concern
带来问题:impose,cause
出现问题:loom up,crop us
面临问题:confront,encounter,face question
紧急的:acute,pressing,urgent
困扰:be plagued,embarrassed,upset by
见证:witness,see
惊人的:alarming,startling,surprising
使恶化:worsen,deteriorate
讨厌的:undesirable,boresome,abominable
广泛的:pervasive,rampant,prevalent
常用的句子:
With the rapid/amazing development of…
According to the recent survey/poll/study,there have occurred…
Nowadays,our society is witnessing more and more…
…
这些内容大家可以灵活地运用到社会现象的陈述中去。
现象法其实就是讨论一个社会现象,然后提出自己对这一社会现象的看法。
二、正反对比论证法
对比法就是在开头段展现出对于assignment的话题,正反两方的观点各是怎样的,之后再说自己是如何认为的,最后,一句话过渡,引入正文。
正反对比论证法的结构为:
1)某一现象的两方观点
2)自己的观点
3)过渡
对比法中一些常用句型(部分):
There is a growing skepticism toward…
…seems to provoke wide criticism in today’s society
The value of this form of …is now being questioned by…
When faced with …quite a few people claim that …But other people think…
Nowadays,it is generally acknowledged that…;and yet, I doubt whether…
三、轶事法
首先我们先看一个范例:
By lunch period,Megan,a senior at BrookdaleHigh School,has already traded e-mail messages with her brother in college,with her dad at work,and with a friend who was absent from that day. Although every form of communication has drawbacks,email,like nothing since the invention of the telephone ,has opened up the world to teenagers.
从这一段可以看出,作者先是描述了一个场景,高中生吃饭的时候就和别人用邮箱联系好了,之后给出邮箱是最好的联络方式。
用轶事法开头会使得读者的兴趣被调动起来,同时,如果能用一些名人的轶事,也会展现出考生的知识面。当然,也可以用自己的例子。
用一个小故事开头的时候要注意:
1故事必须短小精炼,因为开头的字数一般不超过全文的六分之一;
2轶事必须和主题紧密相关。观点和过渡不见得要直白的说,可以用更加自然的、柔和的方式表述。
四、让步法
让步法的结构如下:
1)反方观点+反方不对的原因
2)己方观点
3)过渡
我们先来看一个范例:
Through time mankind has strived to make his life easier. Whether it be through technology ,science,or theories of social interaction every generation has made one contribution. From the idea of crop rotation to the cellular telephone mankind has advanced .It can be argued, however ,that not all of these advancements were beneficial .Many times people are accused of “taking the easy way out”, something that is looked down upon in today’s society.
作者先表述,的确有很多技术使得人们的生活更加容易,那么看起来,技术进步是好的。但是,话锋一转,依旧不是所有的科技进步不是有利的,也有人和我一样,支持不要那些科技发明。
让步法其实和正方对比有部分相似,不同之处在于让步法要说明即使别人是那样认为的,我还要坚持的人文我的观点为什么是正确的。
五、裸奔法
裸奔法的结构为:
1)观点
2)理由
3)过渡
我们先来看一个范例:
There is always a “however”.Each situation has its benefits and drawbacks .In the field of market finance, we find a compelling example that supports this thesis.
可以看出来,作者直白的表述出自己的观点。第一句话表明,世事无绝对,之后说明了理由是任何情况都有好处和坏处,最后说明,后面的例子可论述。
裸奔法直奔主题,可以开门见山的直接把自己的观点亮出来,但是一定要注意,一定还要有后续的理由说明之后再过渡到主题段落。
其实,开头段的写法远远不止这些,比如还有列举法(但要注意例子要和主题密切相关),名人名言(如果要引用名人名言,要保证引用的部分绝对正确)等。
一、现象法
这种开头方式是最为常用的,现象法的结构为:
1)现象概述+社会效应
2)回答assignment问题,陈述自己的观点
3)例子段落承接
在现象法中常用的一些单词(部分):
事件: issue, problem,question
热门,棘手:hot,heated, Urgent,burning,pressing,pervasive,rampant
争论:debate,argument, controversy,dispute
一致,同意:unanimous ,consensus,in complete accord
引起注意:in the limelight,brought into attention,focus,concern
带来问题:impose,cause
出现问题:loom up,crop us
面临问题:confront,encounter,face question
紧急的:acute,pressing,urgent
困扰:be plagued,embarrassed,upset by
见证:witness,see
惊人的:alarming,startling,surprising
使恶化:worsen,deteriorate
讨厌的:undesirable,boresome,abominable
广泛的:pervasive,rampant,prevalent
常用的句子:
With the rapid/amazing development of…
According to the recent survey/poll/study,there have occurred…
Nowadays,our society is witnessing more and more…
…
这些内容大家可以灵活地运用到社会现象的陈述中去。
现象法其实就是讨论一个社会现象,然后提出自己对这一社会现象的看法。
二、正反对比论证法
对比法就是在开头段展现出对于assignment的话题,正反两方的观点各是怎样的,之后再说自己是如何认为的,最后,一句话过渡,引入正文。
正反对比论证法的结构为:
1)某一现象的两方观点
2)自己的观点
3)过渡
对比法中一些常用句型(部分):
There is a growing skepticism toward…
…seems to provoke wide criticism in today’s society
The value of this form of …is now being questioned by…
When faced with …quite a few people claim that …But other people think…
Nowadays,it is generally acknowledged that…;and yet, I doubt whether…
三、轶事法
首先我们先看一个范例:
By lunch period,Megan,a senior at BrookdaleHigh School,has already traded e-mail messages with her brother in college,with her dad at work,and with a friend who was absent from that day. Although every form of communication has drawbacks,email,like nothing since the invention of the telephone ,has opened up the world to teenagers.
从这一段可以看出,作者先是描述了一个场景,高中生吃饭的时候就和别人用邮箱联系好了,之后给出邮箱是最好的联络方式。
用轶事法开头会使得读者的兴趣被调动起来,同时,如果能用一些名人的轶事,也会展现出考生的知识面。当然,也可以用自己的例子。
用一个小故事开头的时候要注意:
1故事必须短小精炼,因为开头的字数一般不超过全文的六分之一;
2轶事必须和主题紧密相关。观点和过渡不见得要直白的说,可以用更加自然的、柔和的方式表述。
四、让步法
让步法的结构如下:
1)反方观点+反方不对的原因
2)己方观点
3)过渡
我们先来看一个范例:
Through time mankind has strived to make his life easier. Whether it be through technology ,science,or theories of social interaction every generation has made one contribution. From the idea of crop rotation to the cellular telephone mankind has advanced .It can be argued, however ,that not all of these advancements were beneficial .Many times people are accused of “taking the easy way out”, something that is looked down upon in today’s society.
作者先表述,的确有很多技术使得人们的生活更加容易,那么看起来,技术进步是好的。但是,话锋一转,依旧不是所有的科技进步不是有利的,也有人和我一样,支持不要那些科技发明。
让步法其实和正方对比有部分相似,不同之处在于让步法要说明即使别人是那样认为的,我还要坚持的人文我的观点为什么是正确的。
五、裸奔法
裸奔法的结构为:
1)观点
2)理由
3)过渡
我们先来看一个范例:
There is always a “however”.Each situation has its benefits and drawbacks .In the field of market finance, we find a compelling example that supports this thesis.
可以看出来,作者直白的表述出自己的观点。第一句话表明,世事无绝对,之后说明了理由是任何情况都有好处和坏处,最后说明,后面的例子可论述。
裸奔法直奔主题,可以开门见山的直接把自己的观点亮出来,但是一定要注意,一定还要有后续的理由说明之后再过渡到主题段落。
其实,开头段的写法远远不止这些,比如还有列举法(但要注意例子要和主题密切相关),名人名言(如果要引用名人名言,要保证引用的部分绝对正确)等。