逻辑连接词:
因果(后接结果):
=〉导致:result in; be responsible for; attributable to/ attribute to; contribute to~; lead to; cause; give birth to; give rise to; serve to;
=〉故此:hence; therefore; thereby+现在分词; thus; as a result; so that;
eventually; correspondingly; accordingly; consequently; resultingly; namely;
=〉为了:so as to; for the purpose of; for the sake of; in an attempt to; in efforts to;
因果(后接原因):
=〉因为:owing to; in respect that; on account of; due to; for the reason that; since; for; may account for;
=〉由……导致:as a consequence / result of; is the result of; derive from; result from; be a response to;
弱因果(考虑到):
=>for fear of; bearing in mind; be blamed on;
=>considering; in consideration of; knowing;
=>in face of (such limited evidence); in light of; in view of; in favor of; concern with; in terms of;
=>object to;
关于:
in relation to; with respect to; with regard to; with/in reference to;
within the context of;
with the guise of(在伪装下);
常用点缀小副词:
=〉事实上:in itself; actually; in fact; in reality; realistically;as a matter of fact; more prosaically;
=〉程度:highly; greatly; inescapably; to some extent; somewhat; thoroughly; seriously; spectacularly; indeed; undoubtedly; certainly; completely; wholly; in many cases; it is save to say;
=〉其它:comparatively; relatively; relevantly; as to; ideally; presumably;
转折:
nonetheless; nevertheless; in spite of; whereas; instead; conversely; however;
对比:
in contrast; as compared to; in comparison with; at the same time;
differentiate between ~ and ~; differentiate ~ from ~;
让步:
take it for granted; grantedly; granted that ;
Now that; as though; after all; even if; even assuming; despite; to the extent that this is the case; appear; seem; while this may be true in some cases, it is equally possible that~;
递进:
furthermore; in addition/additionally; besides; moreover; what really matters/counts is; what is more; let alone; particularly; most importantly; _is even more_;
等同:
equate ~with~; amount to; likewise; in like manner; similarly; in other words; that is to say; along with; in combination; in the same way;
Coincide with;
其它常用词汇:
举例:
for instance; for example; such as; consider the fact that;
立即:
immediately; for the time being; in no time; on the spot;
鉴于此:
for that matter; in that case; for that reason; as for;
可能不是这样:(unfortunately)
=>this is not necessarily the case;
this is often/certainly not the case;
this might not be the case;
this need not be the case;
common sense and experience tell us this is not the case/this assumption is a poor one;
=>the argument fails to substantiate this assumption;
perhaps ~that have nothing to do with~;
this argument by analogy is wholly unpersuasive;
this argument, nonetheless, is based on an oversimplified analysis of the cause of~ and the presumptuous correlation is unacceptable;
=>although this is entirely possible, the argument provides no evidence to support this assumption;
if this is not the case, then it is entirely possible that~;
lacking evidence to confirm this assumption, it is entirely possible that ~;
应该:
would have to; should; ought to; must; have to; be required to; would be;
根据总体的趋势:
overall group of~; in general; as a whole; on the whole;
断言:
assert; claim; postulate; declare; affirm; emphasize; advocate;
反映:
indicate; reveal; reflect; demonstrate; imply; illustrate; infer; predict;
可能性:
possibility; likelihood (in all likelihood); alternative/alternative means of ~; explanation; occurence; validity; legitimacy; credibility;
可行性:
feasibility;
好:
vital; crucial; essential; overriding; significant; profound; play a key role; potency;
逻辑好:
=〉valid; feasible;
=〉sound; forceful; reliable; convincing; effective;
=〉persuasive; compelling; credible;
好(副词):
necessarily; justifiably; confidently; reasonably;
逻辑不好:
=〉unwarranted; unsubstantiated; unreliable; unjustified; unfounded;
without justification/warrant; premature; poor; vulnerable; indefensible; groundless; reachless
=〉dubious; open to doubt; questionable; suspectable; problematic; which render it unconvincing as it stands/which render it wholly unpersuasive;
=〉insufficiently; atypical /exceptional; oversimplified;
=〉fallacious; flawed;
=〉plausible; gratuitous;
不好(副词):
unfairly; “好”的副词前面加一个can not/could not
面临:
confront; encounter; witness;
限制:
Restrict; circumscribe; confine; limit;
表面上:
on the surface; superficially; ostensibly; apparently;
具体的:
concrete; specific; detailed; particular; definite; informative;
加快促进:
accelerate; facilitate; advance; boost;
支持:
substantiate; bolster; justify; solidify; support; strengthen; validate; in favor of; in support of;
否定:
=>fail;
=>miss; neglect; in ignorance of; is hardly suffice to / do not suffice to; suggest nothing about;
=> refute; undermine; deny; refuse; weaken;
按照原文的假设/推断:
rest on; rely on; depend on; base on; on the basis of;
upon which the argument depends;
upon which the argument rest;
upon which the argument relies;
只要:
so long as ; so far as; only if; insofar; subject to the proviso;
不管:
no matter what; irrespective of whether/~; regardless of; whatsoever;
(忽略了)把某因素考虑进去:
(fail to; omit to); take ~ into account/ consideration; give an insight into; account for(解释);
considering and weighing; considering and ruling out/eliminate;
weighing ~ against alternatives/~;
concerning;
缺少:in the absence of; for lack of; lacking; a lack of; in short of;
不足:scant;
仅仅:mere; only; nothing more than;
足够的:sufficient;
很多大量:a myriad of; a variety of; a multitude of; numerous; a large amount of; a great deal of;
过度:undue; exceedingly; excessive; overstate; overemphasize;
不断增长:growing; increasing; quickening;
一系列:
a series of; in a row;
好像、可能:
likely; possible; probably; perhaps; as though; maybe; may; might;
解决方案:
solution; approach; recipe; scheme
方面:
angles; aspect; facet; side; viewpoint;
in all respects; in many fields;
highlight an aspect of;
in all likelihood;
获得:
acquire; gain; attain; achieve; pursue;
影响;
interfere with~;
have/exert a profound influence on life/personality;
have a dramatic/undesirable effect on;
满足:
meet; satisfy; accommodate the demand of; be accustomed to;
很明显的:
it is conceivable/ obvious/ apparent;
conspicuous; strikingly; notably;
类比: apply specifically/equally to;
同等甚至更多:commensurably, or perhaps even more;
伴随:
along with; keep pace with; consistent with; in harmony with; cope with; in accordance with; in conjunction with;
serve as catalyst which will foster~;
逻辑:
reasoning; way of thinking; line of reasoning; analysis;
倾向:be less prone to;
在成长路上:in one’s course of growth;
富人:haves 穷人:have-not
提建议时说作者需要:a more complete understanding of_;
天生的:by nature; inherited; inherent; intrinsic; in origin; innate;
供需关系:supply and demand;