今天小编推荐大家写作的人物素材就是伟大的理性主义践行者培根，他可是伴随了小编的大学时代英美文学课很长的一段时间呢，小编要背诵他的《论说文集》，要熟悉他的语言形式，领略他的理性主义，不过确实是美文，建议大家都多读一些他的文章提升自己的理性思维也是大有裨益的。
弗朗西斯·培根(1561-1626),英国文艺复兴时期最重要的散作家、哲学家。他不但在文学、哲学上多有建树，在自然科学领域里，也取得了重大成就。培根是一位经历了诸多磨难的贵族子弟，复杂多变的生活经历丰富了他的阅历，随之而来的，他的思想成熟，言论深邃，富含哲理。他的整个世界观是现世的而不是宗教的(虽然他坚信上帝)。他是一位理性主义者而不是迷信的崇拜者，是一位经验论者而不是诡辩学者;，他是一位现实主义者而不是理论家。
弗朗西斯·培根是英国唯物主义哲学家、思想家和科学家，被马克思称为“英国唯物主义和整个现代实验科学的真正始祖”。他生于贵族家庭，是掌玺大臣和大法官(王国最高法律官职)古拉斯·培根爵士的幼子。后于1618也成为了大法官。，专门从事科学和哲学研究。代表作是《论说文集》。他是新贵族的思想代表，反对君主权神授和君权无限，主张限制王权;拥护清教主张改革，但反对革命。
他提出唯物主义经验论的基本原则，认为感觉是认识的开端，它是完全可靠的，是一切知识的泉源。他重视科学实验在认识中的作用，认为必须借助于实验，才能弥补感官的不足，深入揭露自然的奥秘。
Francis Bacon was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist and author. He served both as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England. Although his political career ended in disgrace, he remained extremely influential through his works, especially as philosophical advocate and practitioner of the scientific method during the scientific revolution.
Bacon has been called the creator of empiricism. His works established and popularised inductive methodologies for scientific inquiry, often called the Baconian method, or simply the scientific method. His demand for a planned procedure of investigating all things natural marked a new turn in the rhetorical and theoretical framework for science, much of which still surrounds conceptions of proper methodology today.
Bacon was knighted in 1603, and created both Baron Verulam in 1618 and Viscount St. Alban in 1621;as he died without heirs, both peerages became extinct upon his death. He famously died by contracting pneumonia while studying the effects of freezing on the preservation of meat.
Bacon had three goals: to uncover truth, to serve his country, and to serve his church. He sought to further these ends by seeking a prestigious post. In 1580, through his uncle, Lord Burghley, he applied for a post at court which might enable him to pursue a life of learning. His application failed. For two years he worked quietly at Gray's Inn, until he was admitted as an outer barrister in 1582.
When he was 36, Bacon engaged in the courtship of Elizabeth Hatton, a young widow of 20. Reportedly, she broke off their relationship upon accepting marriage to a wealthier man—Edward Coke. Years later, Bacon still wrote of his regret that the marriage to Hatton had not taken place.
At the age of forty-five, Bacon married Alice Barnham, the fourteen-year-old daughter of a well-connected London alderman and MP. Bacon wrote two sonnets proclaiming his love for Alice. The first was written during his courtship and the second on his wedding day, 10 May 1606. When Bacon was appointed Lord Chancellor, "by special Warrant of the King", Lady Bacon was given precedence over all other Court ladies.
Reports of increasing friction in his marriage to Alice appeared, with speculation that some of this may have been due to financial resources not being as readily available to her as she was accustomed to having in the past. Alice was reportedly interested in fame and fortune, and when reserves of money were no longer available, there were complaints about where all the money was going. Alice Chambers Bunten wrote in her Life of Alice Barnham that, upon their descent into debt, she actually went on trips to ask for financial favours and assistance from their circle of friends. Bacon disinherited her upon discovering her secret romantic relationship with Sir John Underhill. He rewrote his will, which had previously been very generous to her (leaving her lands, goods, and income), revoking it all.