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雅思大作文题目：城市扩张相关介绍
雅思大作文范文：
It has been argued that urban sprawl is the rootof many environmental problems. Today, I amoffering my viewpoint on this issue and reasons tosupport my position. What is urban sprawl? Urbansprawl is defined as "the increased use of urbanizedland by fewer people than in the past" .In the past, cities were compact and efficient butrecently the density of land utilized per person hasseen a major decline in the United States. From 1982-1997, the United States population hadgrown by about 17 percent, while the urbanized land had increased by about 47 percent duringthe same period in time. Developed land per person has just about doubled in thelast two decades and the sizes of housing lots larger than ten acres can account for over half ofthe land that was developed since 1994.This drastic change in urbanized areashas been met by both environmental impacts, as well as financial and time burdens on thepeople.
One of the most affected environments would be America's farmlands. Farmlands are beinglost due to the creation of new highways, fringe industrial parks, and new sprawled housingdevelopments.The loss of farmlands reduces our ability to produce food, fiber,and timber. Further, the higher tax rates and costs that are associated with urban sprawl areforcing many farmers to close down business and sell their farms to companies seeking todevelop new housing areas, as a means to secure their financial security.Thisproblem has highly affected the state of Wisconsin. In 1950, Wisconsin had roughly about23.6 million acres of farmland and as of 2002 only had about 16 million acres. Along with thisreduction in farmland area, the number of farms in Wisconsin decreased from 178,000 to77,000 from 1910 to 2002.This decrease in farmland is not only seen inWisconsin but also the rest of the country. Between 1992 and 1997, the nation converted morethan 13.7 million acres of farmland to urbanized areas.
Along with the loss of farmland, there is a loss of wildlife habitats that are disappearing dueto urban sprawl. These forests, meadows, and wetlands are disappearing and beingsubstituted with pavement, buildings, and sterile urban landscaping. This loss of wildlifehabitats make it hard for species to survive and makes it difficult for them to find suitablebreeding ponds, hibernation sites, feeding locations, and to create practical nesting areas. The urban sprawl has been so bad in some places that species of plants arebecoming nearly extinct. For example, the Oak Savannas and the Oak and Pine Barrens bothhave been degraded to the point that there is less than 1 percent of the original species stillaround .
Urban sprawl has contributed greatly to air and water pollution as well as increased waterand energy consumption. Since urban sprawl places people outside of walking distance toshopping areas and work areas, they are forced to rely heavily on cars to get from point A topoint B. This over reliance on vehicles has contributed significantly to air pollution andgreenhouse gases.Pollution from vehicles is usually the number one cause ofpollution in many urbanized cities, such as Los Angeles. Another thing to think about would bethe recent heat waves that have been experienced in the past month across the nation. Peoplefail to realize that urban sprawl and pollution, which is a by-product of urban sprawl, havecontributed significantly to the high temperatures this summer.Urban sprawlincreases the amount of concrete and asphalt, thus holding in the heat and making it evenwarmer than it would have been had sprawl not occurred. Another part of this would be thatthe pollution leads to higher levels of humidity in the air and in turn exaggerates the effects ofgreenhouse gases.
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