2016年11月19日雅思真题及解析汇总,
1. There is now evidence that the relaxed pace of life in small towns promotes better health and greater longevity than does the hectic pace of life in big cities. Businesses in the small town of Leeville report fewer days of sick leave taken by individual workers than do businesses in the nearby large city of Masonton. Furthermore, Leeville has only one physician for its one thousand residents, but in Masonton the proportion of physicians to residents is five times as high. Finally, the average age of Leeville residents is significantly higher than that of Masonton residents. These findings suggest that people seeking longer and healthier lives should consider moving to small communities.
目前有证据表明小城市的休闲放松的生活比大城市快节奏的生活对健康和长寿更有好处。小城镇Leeville的商业行业所上报的员工病假天数比邻近大城市Mason要少。而且，Leeville每千人只有一名医生，而Mason市医生的比例是Leeville的五倍。Leeville居民的平均年龄显著高于Mason居民。这些数据表明寻求更健康更长寿生活的人应该考虑移居到小城镇。
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
2. The following was written as a part of an application for a small-business loan by a group of developers in the city of Monroe.
"Jazz music is extremely popular in the city of Monroe: over 100,000 people attended Monroe's annual jazz festival last summer, and the highest-rated radio program in Monroe is 'Jazz Nightly,' which airs every weeknight. Also, a number of well-known jazz musicians own homes in Monroe. Nevertheless, the nearest jazz club is over an hour away. Given the popularity of jazz in Monroe and a recent nationwide study indicating that the typical jazz fan spends close to $1,000 per year on jazz entertainment, we predict that our new jazz music club in Monroe will be a tremendously profitable enterprise."
下面这段文字节选自Monroe市一群创业者申请小企业贷款的申请书。
爵士乐在Monroe非常流行。去年夏天10万多人参加了Monroe的爵士音乐节，Monroe收视率最高的广播节目是每周末晚上播出的Jazz Nightly。而且若干知名爵士音乐家居住在Monroe。不过最近的爵士俱乐部也有一个小时的车程。一项全国性研究表明典型的爵士爱好者每年花费近1000美元用于爵士娱乐，在Monroe建立爵士乐俱乐部将会是非常盈利的产业。
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.
3. There is now evidence that the relaxed pace of life in small towns promotes better health and greater longevity than does the hectic pace of life in big cities. Businesses in the small town of Leeville report fewer days of sick leave taken by individual workers than do businesses in the nearby large city of Masonton. Furthermore, Leeville has only one physician for its one thousand residents, but in Masonton the proportion of physicians to residents is five times as high. Finally, the average age of Leeville residents is significantly higher than that of Masonton residents. These findings suggest that the relaxed pace of life in Leeville allows residents to live longer, healthier lives.
目前有证据表明小城市的休闲放松的生活比大城市快节奏的生活对健康和长寿更有好处。小城镇Leeville的商业行业所上报的员工病假天数比邻近大城市Mason要少。而且，Leeville每千人只有一名医生，而Mason市医生的比例是Leeville的五倍。Leeville居民的平均年龄显著高于Mason居民。这些数据表明寻求更健康更长寿生活的人应该考虑移居到小城镇。
Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.
4. The following appeared in a memo from a vice president of a manufacturing company.
"During the past year, workers at our newly opened factory reported 30 percent more on-the-job accidents than workers at nearby Panoply Industries. Panoply produces products very similar to those produced at our factory, but its work shifts are one hour shorter than ours. Experts say that fatigue and sleep deprivation among workers are significant contributing factors in many on-the-job accidents. Panoply's superior safety record can therefore be attributed to its shorter work shifts, which allow its employees to get adequate amounts of rest."
下面这段文字出自一家制造公司的副总裁的备忘录。
去年，我们新开的工厂的工伤事故比邻近的Panoply工厂多30%。Panoply生产的商品和我们工厂的非常相似，但每班工作时间比我们的短一个小时。专家认为导致很多工伤事故的重要因素就是工人的疲劳和睡眠不足。Panoply较高的安全记录得益于较短的轮班工作时间，这使得它的员工有足够的睡眠。
Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.
5. The following appeared in a memo from the vice president of Butler Manufacturing.
"During the past year, workers at Butler Manufacturing reported 30 percent more on-the-job accidents than workers at nearby Panoply Industries, where the work shifts are one hour shorter than ours. A recent government study reports that fatigue and sleep deprivation among workers are significant contributing factors in many on-the-job accidents. If we shorten each of our work shifts by one hour, we can improve Butler Manufacturing's safety record by ensuring that our employees are adequately rested."
下面这段文字出自Butler Manufacturing公司副总裁的备忘录。
去年，Butler Manufacturing的工伤事故比邻近的Panoply工厂多30%，Panoply的每班工作时间比Butler Manufacturing的短一个小时。一份政府调查报告显示导致很多工伤事故的重要因素是工人的疲劳和睡眠不足。如果我们每个班次的工作时间都减少一小时，那么我们的雇员将有更充足的睡眠，Butler Manufacturing的安全记录将会得到改善。
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.