1. The following appeared in a newsletter offering advice to investors.
"Over 80 percent of the respondents to a recent survey indicated a desire to reduce their intake of foods containing fats and cholesterol, and today low-fat products abound in many food stores. Since many of the food products currently marketed by Old Dairy Industries are high in fat and cholesterol, the company's sales are likely to diminish greatly and company profits will no doubt decrease. We therefore advise Old Dairy stockholders to sell their shares, and other investors not to purchase stock in this company."
下面这段文字出自给投资者提供建议的一则新闻。
最近一次调查中超过80%的回应者表达了他们想减少食用含脂肪和胆固醇食品的愿望，现在很多食品商店都提供丰富的低脂肪食品。由于Old Dairy Industries当前生产的很多产品都有很高的脂肪和胆固醇含量，该公司的销量有可能严重下降，其盈利无疑会减少。因而我们建议Old Dairy的股票持有者抛出他们所持的股份，其他投资者也不应购买该公司的股份。
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the advice and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the advice.
2. The following recommendation appeared in a memo from the mayor of the town of Hopewell.
"Two years ago, the nearby town of Ocean View built a new municipal golf course and resort hotel. During the past two years, tourism in Ocean View has increased, new businesses have opened there, and Ocean View's tax revenues have risen by 30 percent. Therefore, the best way to improve Hopewell's economy—and generate additional tax revenues—is to build a golf course and resort hotel similar to those in Ocean View."
下面的建议出自Hopewell镇长的备忘录。
两年前附近的Ocean View镇建造了一个新的市立高尔夫球场和度假旅馆。过去两年中，Ocean View的旅客增加了，开了很多新的店铺，而且税收增加了30%。因此发展Hopewell经济，提高税收的最好途径就是建立一个和Ocean View类似的高尔夫球场和度假旅馆。
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
3. The following appeared in a memo from the vice president of a food distribution company with food storage warehouses in several cities.
"Recently, we signed a contract with the Fly-Away Pest Control Company to provide pest control services at our fast-food warehouse in Palm City, but last month we discovered that over $20,000 worth of food there had been destroyed by pest damage. Meanwhile, the Buzzoff Pest Control Company, which we have used for many years, continued to service our warehouse in Wintervale, and last month only $10,000 worth of the food stored there had been destroyed by pest damage. Even though the price charged by Fly-Away is considerably lower, our best means of saving money is to return to Buzzoff for all our pest control services."
下面这段文字出自一家在多地经营食品零售和仓储业务的公司副总裁的备忘录。
最近我们和Fly-Away Pest-Control公司签订了一项合同来为我们在Palm City的快餐食品仓库提供杀虫服务。但上个月我们发现，那里有价值超过$20000的食品被害虫破坏。同时，我们使用多年的Buzzoff Pest-Control公司继续在Wintervale的仓库服务，上个月那里只有价值$10000的食品被害虫破坏。尽管Fly-Away的收费低廉的多，我们节省收费的最好方式就是重新使用Buzzoff公司来提供我们所有的杀虫服务。
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
4. Since those issues of Newsbeat magazine that featured political news on their front cover were the poorest-selling issues over the past three years, the publisher of Newsbeat has recommended that the magazine curtail its emphasis on politics to focus more exclusively on economics and personal finance. She points to a recent survey of readers of general interest magazines that indicates greater reader interest in economic issues than in political ones.Newsbeat's editor, however, opposes the proposed shift in editorial policy, pointing out that very few magazines offer extensive political coverage anymore.
因为Newsbeat ，Newsbeat 。
。Newsbeat的编辑则反对编辑策略的转变，。
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
5. The following is taken from a memo from the advertising director of the Super Screen Movie Production Company.
"According to a recent report from our marketing department, during the past year, fewer people attended Super Screen-produced movies than in any other year. And yet the percentage of positive reviews by movie reviewers about specific Super Screen movies actually increased during the past year. Clearly, the contents of these reviews are not reaching enough of our prospective viewers. Thus, the problem lies not with the quality of our movies but with the public's lack of awareness that movies of good quality are available. Super Screen should therefore allocate a greater share of its budget next year to reaching the public through advertising."
下面这段文字节选自Super Screen Movie Production Company广告经理的备忘录。
我们公司市场部的一项报告显示，在过去的一年里，去观看Super Screen生产的电影的人比以往任何年份都少。但是同是在去年，受到电影评论家们褒奖的Super Screen电影的比例实际上却提高了。显然，这些电影评论并未被我们广大潜在的观众所了解。因此，问题不在于我们的电影的质量，而在于公众没有意识到优质电影还是存在的。Super Screen因此明年应该增大用于广告的预算份额，让公众更好的了解我们。
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.