一、阅读笔记
有人说,如果听力足够好,不看阅读文章也可以。然而,如何定义“足够好”呢?TPO听力部分得满分算吗?答案是“当然不算”。听力部分利用固定的出题点和题目结构去辅助筛选重要信息,主要考查的是对大意的把握。然而,综合写作部分的听力材料难度已经很低了,怎么可能听个大概就放过诸位呢?
根据《托福考试官方指南》提供的策略,阅读部分应该记“观点”而非“细节”。
用笔记下阅读文章中的supportingideas对于我们听力部分有很好的促进作用,听力讲座中的反驳可以绕开阅读文章中的supporting details,但怎样也绕不开supporting ideas。找到了阅读文章的各个要点后,考生可以对听力讲座的分论点进行预测,虽然不会太精确,但是可以指出一个大概的分方向。
As you read:
Take notes on your scratch paper.
Look for the main idea of the reading passage. The main ides often has to do with some policy or practice or some position on an issue. Or it may have to do with proposing some overall hypothesis about the way some process or procedure works or should work or how some natural phenomenon is believed to work.
See how this main idea is evaluated or developed.
You do not need to memorize the reading passage. It will reappear on your computer screen when it is time to write.
Note points in the passage that either support the rain idea or provide reasons to doubt the main idea. Typically the main idea will be developed with three points.
1首段
记下话题(topic)与主题阐述(thesis statement)(话题多出现在前面,而主题陈述多位于首段结尾)。
例如TPO7这篇阅读文章的thesis statement就不出意料地出现在首段段尾。
示例:
In an effort to encourage ecologically sustainable forestry practices ,an international organization started issuing certifications to wood companies that meet high ecological standards by conserving resources and recycling materials .Companies that receive this certification can attract customers by advertising their product as eco-certified. Around the world .many wood companies have adopted new ,ecologically friendly practices in order to receive eco-certification. However, it is unlikely that wood companies in the United Stated will do the same .forseveral reasons.
2分支各段
找出分论点(supportingideas),记下2~4个要点(key factors)(多位于各段段首)。
切记,千万不要把supportingdetails作为supportingideas提取出来。考生总是难以压抑住对supporting details的重视,在提取ideas的时候会不自觉地把details搅和进来。如果用details当ideas,就会在听力讲座中发现ideas对应不上了,因为并非所有听力讲座都是会反驳阅读文章的细节的。
ideas应该是被提炼出来的看法,而不是一些起支撑作用的信息。因此,自查details的方法就是它是否支持thesis statement。有的时候supporting ideas是thesis statement的一部分(下面这段文章就是一个典型的例子),有的时候supporting ideas从不同方面支持thesis statement。但是如果提取的是details,就没有这样直接的逻辑关系,则不必做笔记。
示例:
First, American consumers are exposed to so advertising that they would not value or even pay attention to the eco-certification label. Because so many mediocre products are labeled “new” or “improved” , American consumers do not place much trust in advertising claims in general.
Second ,eco-certified wood will be more expensive than uncertified wood because in order to earn eco-certification, a wood company must pay to have in business examined by a certification agency. This additional cost gets passed on to consumers—American consumers tend to be strongly motivated by price ,and therefore they are likely to choose cheaper uncertified wood products. Accordingly, American wood companies will prefer to keep their prices low rather than obtain eco-certification.
Third, although some people claim that it always makes good business sense for American companies to keep up with the developments in the rest of the world .this argument is not convincing. Pursuing certification would make sense for American wood companies only if they marketed most of their products abroad. But that is not the case –American wood businesses sell most of their products in the United States, catering to a very large customer base that is satisfied with the merchandise.
这篇阅读文章的supportingideas提炼难度不是很大,关键是理解几个要点之间的逻辑,就能从听力讲座中快速精准地提取有用信息。
Supporting Idea 1
exposed to so much advertising→do not place much trust
Supporting Idea 2
more expensive→company, pay→pass on to consumers→choose cheaper
Supporting Idea 3
only if, market, abroad, ∠businesses, sell most in US
以上就是关于“托福综合写作笔记技巧讲解”的内容,想要更好地申请留学,那么大家在备考的过程中,就要更好地提高我们的语言成绩,这样在我们之后的申请中才能有更大的帮助。小编也提前预祝大家能够取得高分成绩。