其次要想写出一篇高质量的文章，地道的短语必不可少。考生们需要积累相应的环境类别的短语，并能够熟练应用于句子之中，同时也要注意积累写作常用句式，因为好的句子能够改善和提高文章的可读性。今天小编为大家整理出一些托福写作环境类话题的常用短语，希望这样可以帮助大家可以再考场中文思涌泉。
恶心循环
They urged their governments to break out of the vicious circle by peace initiatives of their own.
他们敦促政府，提出自己的和平倡议，以便摆脱恶性循环。
endangered species
濒危物种
We can see a number of rare and endangered species breeding here.
我们可以看到很多稀有的濒临灭绝的物种在这里繁衍生息。
cause irreversible damage
造成不可逆转的破坏
Ecologists were angry with the plan, saying it would destroy Lantau as a green lung and cause irreversible damageto the environment.
生态学家对这个计划感到很生气，说它会毁掉大屿山这一片绿肺，并对环境造成不可逆转的破坏。
upset the ecosystem
扰乱生态系统
The oil spill off the coast of Alaska has greatly upset the ecosystem there.
在阿拉斯加近海的原油泄漏极大地破坏了那里的生态系统。
oil shortage
石油短缺
The government has to provide against a possible oil shortage in the coming months.
政府必须为未来几个月中可能出现的油荒做好准备。
car emissions/exhaust fumes
汽车尾气
First of all, car emissions are having an immeasurable effect on the world's climate.
首先，汽车尾气的排放正以无可预测的速度影响着全球气候。
at the expense of
以……为代价
He built his business at the expense of his health.
他以健康为代价创立了他的事业。
adverse effect
负面影响
The austerity measures will have little immediate adverse effect on the average Moroccan.
财政紧缩政策不会对普通的摩洛哥人产生直接的负面影响。
non-biodegradable material
生物不可降解的材料
As we all known plastic bags are non-biodegradable material and it will stay in the soil for a long time.
众所周知，塑料袋是生物不可降解的材料，它会在土壤中停留很长一段时间。
ecological degradation
生态恶化
At present, regional poverty and ecological degradation form a vicious circle.
目前，区域贫困和生态环境退化已形成了恶性循环。
reusable/recyclable material
可以被重复利用的材料
This metal scrap is also a recyclable material.
这些破铜烂铁也是可回收利用的物资呢。
industrial waste
工业废料
Industrial waste must be prevented from polluting our rivers.
必须禁止工业废料污染我们的河流。
respiratory diseases
呼吸系统疾病
Insist on prevention, combining prevention, prevention is more important than treatment is the key to control respiratory diseases.
坚持预防为主、养防结合、防重于治是控制呼吸道疾病的关键。
be in short supply
处在短缺状态中
Apples are likely to be in short supply this winter.
今冬苹果可能供应不足。
fossil fuel
化石燃料
Finally, we should use clean energy replace of fossil fuel and reduce the burning of garbage.
最后，我们应该使用清洁能源代替化石燃料和减少垃圾的燃烧。
sustainable development
可持续发展
To achieve sustainable development and a life of dignity for all, we must address these issues.
为实现可持续发展和人人过上有尊严的生活，我们必须解决这些问题。
renewable resources
可再生资源
New systems must maximize the role of ecological mechanisms and emphasize the use of renewable resources.
新的系统应发挥生态机制的作用并重视可再生资源的利用.
non-renewable resources 不可再生资源
Locally grown food is an environmentally friendly means of obtaining food, since supermarkets that import their food use more fossil fuels and non-renewable resources.
本地出产的食物是比较环保的，因为超市从外地进购这些产品的话会耗费更多燃料和不可再生资源。
harsh actions/measures
严厉的措施
As the Times reports, ETS admitted it has never before taken such harsh measures.
， 美国教育考试服务中心(ETS)承认他们从未采取过这样严厉的措施。
put a strain on the resources/stretch resources to the limit
让资源承受很大压力
Some Singaporeans feel that too many foreign workers put a strain on the island state's resources causing problems such as an overcrowded public transport system.
一些新加坡人觉得大量的外国工人对岛上资源造成了很大压力，也导致了公共交通系统过于拥挤等问题。
Four trips would already stretch those resources to the limit.
运四趟已经给资源造成很大压力了。(资源有限)
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