托福写作怎么练能够练出高分?今天给大家总结了托福写作的高分技巧,运用好这个将会帮我们大大提高分数。希望大家在平时的练习中就熟练应用起来。这样考试的时候就更能游刃有余的写作了。
说到论证方法,很多同学都能如数家珍,“因果论证”、“举例论证”、“对比论证”似乎是所有考生都能说道说道的三大基本论证。
托福写作高分三部曲第一部:举例论证
考生们!你们真的明白论证中的要点及陷阱吗?
很明显答案是否定的
不妨先看一道题目
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
It is important to know events from all over the world even if they are unlikely to have any effects on your daily life.
从不同的角度分析题目:
话题类别上说,上题属于教育类话题,并且是大学教育类的话题;
答题角度来说,这道题可以归属为利弊分析类的题目,需要我们讨论的是“大学提供更多courses”的利弊。
题干中其他细节,即目的状语和时间状语,都告诉我们一些重要信息:
所提及的“courses”并不是大学中普通的学术课程,而应该是跟学生接下来的职场生活相关联的课程。
一位考生所写的主体段落
(该考生立场为agree):
First of all, by learning courses offered by universities or colleges before starting work, students can be more familiar with their future working environment, and therefore easily take up the tasks their bosses give them. (S1)
For example, working with a computer is common nowadays. (S2)
Many students even do not know how to use some common software set in computer, such as Microsoft Office and WPS. (S3)
Of course, they have no choice but to be fired. (S4)(73 words)
第一句话交代背景:
使用电脑非常普遍。
第二句话说明一个现状:
很多学生现在甚至不会使用微软的办公软件还有WPS。
第三句总结:
所以他们理所当然的无路可走,只能被开除。
我们对比着来思考几个问题:
1.这个例子跟题目中的courses有什么关系吗?
2.例子能起到证明立场的作用吗?
3.三句话中间有严谨的逻辑衔接关系吗?
这个例子中对于题干的关键词只字未提,完全看不到courses的身影,不仅如此,这个例子中更没有提到对于working environment以及所谓的“tasks”;
另外,三句话中式思维非常明显,句子之间并没有清晰的逻辑关系,特别是第二句和第三句之间的逻辑衔接更显得有些霸王硬上弓,不会办公软件就一定要无路可走、只能被开除吗?
如此一分析,可以看出,该考生虽然会用for example, 但所举的例子跟观点句基本可以说没有半毛钱关系。
我们抛开文中的例子来思考下,我们应该怎样举例子。
Topic Sentence:
students can be more familiar with their future working environment, and therefore easily take up the tasks their bosses give them.
这位考生在第一句就已经完成了一个基本的因果逻辑:
课程 → 熟悉未来工作 → 很容易担当老板布置的任务
接下来如果举例子来论证自己的思路正确的话,需要做的事情是将整个逻辑论述完整。
我们的例证思路可能是:“什么样的课程,或课程中的哪些环节会让人熟悉未来的工作,具体是哪些方面的工作,然后怎样担当起了老板布置的什么样的任务呢?”
我们将上文修改后的例子和中心句衔接在一起,并稍加改进,形成一个基本正确的主体段如下:
First of all, by learning courses offered by universities or colleges before starting work, students can be more familiar with their future working environment, and therefore easily take up the tasks their bosses give them.
For example, in the working preparation courses in our university, I, a so-called office lady now, learnt how to use basic office facilities, such as printers, photocopiers, fax machines and so on, which may be strange to a common graduate.
Therefore, I have never been bothered with the trifles taking place in such aspects, which means I can adapt to the working environment faster and focus more on things assigned more important.
It is obviously easy to imagine that thanks to the courses, students could have a better start when their identities change. (128 words)
上文段落一共四句话
第一句话为本段的topic sentence, 并且在这一句中已经开始展开论证:“这些就业前的课程可以让学生更熟悉他们未来的工作,也因此能容易担当起老板所分配的任务。”
接下来第二句、第三句和第四句由For example开头,看似组成了一个例子,目的自然是为了论证自己的论点,
但上文中的例子真的有论证本段的观点吗?
将疑问的地方补充完整,我们可能有如下的举例方法:
Sample :
For example, in the working preparation courses in our university, I, a so-called office lady now, learnt how to use basic office facilities, such as printers, photocopiers, fax machines and so on, which may be strange to a fresh graduate.
Therefore, I have never been bothered with the trifles taking place in such aspects, which means I can adapt to the working environment faster and focus more on things assigned more important.
由此,我们总结出举例论证中的一个常见错误:
例子不能证明观点。
对应的提示即为,例子需要对整个观点起到呼应及支撑的作用。
以上就是网给大家总结的关于托福写作怎么练给出的建议,托福写作想要得高分掌握写作技巧真的很重要,没有运气成分,在于考生们是否真的学到了东西,所以大家一定不要掉以轻心。如果大家有写作方面的问题欢迎随时咨询我们的在线老师哈~