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107 Some people believe that a college or university education should be available to all students. Others believe that higher education should be available only to good students. Discuss these views. Which view do you agree with? Explain why.
高等教育是否应该给所有的学生? 还是给优秀的学生?
1 教育对于社会，是降低贫穷 促进发展的动力
段落大意：教育能降低贫穷率，为可持续发展做好铺垫。
Education has become one of the most powerful weapons known for reducing poverty and inequality in modern societies. It is also used for laying the foundation for a sustainable growth and development of any nation.
段落大意：教育是社会进步的动力和源泉。
Education is one of the most important tools that the society possesses. The right implementation of this tool is one of the greatest ways of assuring the quality of life within a society. At its most basic definition, education is nothing more than the teaching of ideas. The early stages of schooling instill more attitude and social skills than knowledge. As the age and skill level of the student increases, more education is based upon the interest of the student.
2 教育对人类有着启蒙和塑造作用
段落大意：教育塑造人类文明，从根本上解决一切经济问题。
Education is one of the most powerful instruments in shaping the human race. Education is the only answer to all our socio-economic problems. Several global organization and nations have been emphasizing the need for the universalisation of primary education. The Economics Nobel laureate of 1998, Prof. Amartya Kumar Sen has also pointed out that for sustainable development, even the poorest of the poor should be provided proper education. Accordingly, steps have to be taken to bring primary education to the doorsteps of the rural people, since they are less likely to gain necessary education in these areas.
3 教育对个人有提高进步的益处
段落大意：教育是人类用来武装自己，给自己知识，技能，良好习惯的重要手段。
Education has essentially been a social process in capacity building and maintenance of society since the creation of human beings. To cope with the changing realities and uncertainties of human life, education has been a weapon with which to equip the people to acquire relevant knowledge, skills and habits of surviving in the modern world. There was an International Conference in Paris with a theme titled” The World Crisis in Education”. This triggered off the process of developing the World Declaration on Education for All. It was spread over the several months and all over the world. Four agencies the World Bank, the United National Education Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)came together to sponsor the World Conference on Education for All in Jomtiem, Thailand in March, 1990.
4 科技发达的时代需要教育的启蒙和指导
段落大意：信息化时代的来临，需要教育培养出一代高素质的，能够跟得上科技进步的人才。
With globalization, the interaction between information and technology has increased, and thus, this interaction in science forced the nations to review their educational processes and adapt them to the new age. This change has invalidated the slow approaches that used to put students under burden of enormous amount of knowledge, and has turned to the methods that modernize the ways to information, because information has started to penetrated into the daily lives of people rapidly and expanded its interaction zone. This change that is shaping the modern education leads us to see education from new perspective and to configure our knowledge according to these perspectives.
135 Some high schools require all students to wear school uniFORMs. Other high schools permit students to decide what to wear to school. Which of these two school policies do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
孩子应该在可能的时候帮助做家务。同意与否?
1 家长应该培养孩子的各种技能的重要性
段落大意：家长们过多关注的只是孩子们的成绩，忽视了能带给孩子更多发展的其他技能。
The problem is that we as parents are only educating our children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well, but we are not teaching them the fundamental skills they need to be confident, happy and smart which can be mastered by cooking, sewing and doing other household chores.
2 家长和社会只关注成绩对孩子造成的危害
段落大意：仅仅关注孩子的学习成绩在长远上是对孩子发展的制约和伤害，家长们应该看到不同技能对孩子发展的积极影响。
In this world of multiple-choice tests, children’s skills are developed unevenly, hampering them from developing their full potential. By focusing only on studying, parents lose sight of the fact that study is only one aspect of education and development. Worse, by judging the children by his or her test scores, parents make them insecure. Parents should focus on developing all of their child’s skills and increasing his or her self-esteem. In short, giving a good education to the child is not only on the basis of financial investment and on the basis of attaching importance to their skill development. So it can be cheaper and get twice the result with half the effort.
3 烹饪的作用
段落大意：烹饪能教给孩子们耐心和时间观念。
Teaching your children to cook will improve many of the skills that he or she will need later in life. Cooking demands patience and timing. It is also an enjoyable but different experience. Therefore he or she will learn to work hard independently. In the end he or she can actually see the final product- a well cooked dinner- and that will add much self-confidence.
4 缝纫的作用
段落大意：缝纫可以培养孩子的灵敏度和灵活性。
Teaching your child seemingly simple activities like sewing will improve hand dexterity and agility. Scientists have proved that using hands to perform difficult tasks increases intelligence.
5 机械拆卸的好处
段落大意：允许孩子拆卸机器会培养孩子的好奇心和逻辑思维能力。
Giving your children old machines, such as a broken radio or television to play with, makes him curious and also increases his analytical mind. A child who spends many hours looking at a broken radio and trying to fix it will probably become an engineer when older. These activities are not teaching the child to study, but rather preparing him or her to think.