句子按照目的分可以分为：陈述句、疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句)祈使句、感叹句、存在句。
句子按照其结构可以分为三类：
简单句：英语基本五大句型(也是简单句的五类)
基本句型一：主谓结构
基本句型二：主谓宾结构
基本句型三：主系表结构
基本句型四：主谓间接宾语直接宾语
基本句型五：主谓宾语宾补
并列句：平行并列连词:and\both..and\not only…but also\neither…nor;
转折并列连词：but\however\while\yet\;
因果并列连词for\so\therefore;
选择并列连词:or\otherwise\either…or
复合句：
名词性从句：主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句
定语从句：限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句
状语从句：时间、地点、方式(as is\as)、程度/比较(as…as)原因、结果、目的、条件、让步
英语中千变万化的句子中归根结底都是由以下八种基本句型构成的
It做形式主语
It was once common to think of crafts in terms of function, which led to their being known as the "applied arts."
There be句型
There is no way around the fact that containers, shelters, and supports must be functional.
疑问词引导名词性从句
That is why we recognize a Shang Dynasty vase as being different from an Inca vase.(疑问词引导表语从句)
What varies is not the basic form but the incidental details that do not obstruct the object's primary function.
What audiences came to see was the technological marvel of the movies(疑问词引导的主语从句)
It引导的主语从句
It has been estimated that an additional one-fourth of the Earth's land surface is threatened by this process.
地点状语从句
The expansion of desert-like conditions into areas where they did not previously exist is called desertification.
被动句
Four specific activities have been identified as major contributors to the desertification processes
Not…until句型
The cinema did not emerge as a form of mass consumption until its technology evolved from the initial "peepshow" format to the point where images were projected on a screen in a darkened theater.(地点状语从句)
现在分词做状语(时间，条件，伴随方式，原因，结果)
He refused to develop projection technology, reasoning that if he made and sold projectors, then exhibitors would purchase only one machine-a projector-from him instead of several. (原因状语)
Working in that factory, he learned a lot from the workers(时间状语)
Working hard, you will succeed. (条件状语)
She sat at the desk reading a book. (伴随状语)
The bus was held up by the sandstorm, causing the delay. (结果状语)