Integrated Task Preparation
综合测试部分满分评分标准(OG: page 253, score 5)：
A response at this level successfully selects the important information from the lecture and coherently and accurately presents this information in relation to the relevant information presented in the reading. The response is well organized, and occasional language errors that are present do not result in inaccurate or imprecise presentation of content or connection.
(一)转述中的指称
The writer; the author/ the passage
the speaker; the lecturer; the professor/ the lecture
THE AUTHOR: discuss; introduce; argue; conclude; suggest; recommend; propose; appeal
THE SPEAKER: 1) point out; say; tell; put; 2) disagree; disapprove; refute; rebut; reject; object to; oppose; counter; 3) doubt; question; challenge; 4) cite; mention; quote; refer to; 5) suggest; imply; put forward; 5) explain; exemplify; show; illustrate
the passage is about…
the passage discusses/introduces/concludes/argues/ …
(二)指代文章信息的抽象名词
1.reason; cause; basis; ground; motive; motivation
2.example; instance; exemplar; paradigm
3.evidence; data; fact; proof; basis; foundation
4.explanation; account
5.definition; description; clarification
6.assumption; premise; presumption; supposition; postulation; hypothesis; guess; conjecture
7.conclusion; belief; idea; opinion; judgment; view; notion; argument; theory
8.issue; matter; topic; problem; subject; concern
9.acknowledgement; observation; prediction
10.statement; point; detail
11.advice; appeal; proposal; plan; scheme; recommendation
12.benefit; advantage; improvement;
(三)指代讲座信息的抽象名词
1.(further/closer/other) studies; researches
2.(new) finding; discovery
3.alternative explanation/theory
4.counter-example/evidence
5.allegation; claim; assertion
6.charge; objection; refutation
7.remark; comment
(四)对比、提及文章中的相关信息
1.Not as the passage puts it, …
2.Unlike described in the passage, …
3.Contrary to the passage, …/Quite the contrary, …/Quite the opposite, …/Just the opposite, …/By contraries, …/On the contrary, …/To the Contrary, …
4.While/whereas the writer states…, the lecturer opposes the claim.
5.actually/in fact/in deed
6.The fact is …/The point is…/It turns out that…
7.插入语: the writer thinks/deems/believes/suggests/implies/
The speaker provides an alternative explanation of sentinel meerkat’s behavior which the writer suggests is altruistic.