2015年3月28日的
另外补充一句，同学们可以微信扫描文章下方的二维码关注微信公众号，托福考试最新的真题预测及解析，都会在第一时间公布喔~
独立写作部分 五星级25题
1、★★★★★
In times of an economic crisis, in which area should the government reduce its spending? 1. Education 2. Health Care 3.support for the unemployed.
2、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In thebusy and crowded world today, we should not expect people to be polite to each other.
3、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? We should state our honest opinions even though other people may disagree with them.
4、★★★★★
Using clean energy to protect the environment, but the traditional energy sources such as coal and oil is less expensive.
5、★★★★★
Society benefits more from works of great artists than from political leaders.
6、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teacherswere more appreciated and valued by the society in the past than they are now.
7、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Workers would be much happier if they are doing different types of tasks during their workday than doing the same task.
8、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to attract good students, a university should spend a lot of money funding social activities.
9、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachersshould be paid according to how well their students perform.
10、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?The environmental issue is too complex to be handled by the individual.
11、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Studentsare more interested in politics today than they were in the past.
12、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?It is more important for the government to spend money on improving Internet access than on public transportation.
13、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important problems in today’s world will be solved in our lifetime.
14、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important things people learn are from their families.
15、★★★★★
Some students prefer to have their final grades determined by numerous small assignments, whereas others prefer to have their final grades determined by only a few large ones.
16、★★★★★
Students must take a class in which they learn a practical skill. School administrators are trying to decide whether to hold a class in cooking, managing personal finances or auto repair. Which do you think the school should require students to take? Why?
17、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The more money people have the more they should give away to charity.
18、★★★★★
Most of the parents at some times find disapproval of the ways teachers are teaching their children/ It's not suggested for the parents to express their disapproval to the teachers/ Do you agree?
19、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree: Professional athletes or performers shouldn't be involved in politics.
20、★★★★★
Many high school students are doing a lot of school work already. Some people believe that students should help their parents with household chores, since if s the best way to give them a sense of responsibility.
21、★★★★★
Some people say that students should study many lessons during a semester, but others say that it is better for students to just take three or four lessons. Which do you think is better?
22、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is much easier for people to achieve success without their familymembers’ help now than in the past.
23、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to succeed in doing a new job, the ability to adapt oneself to the new environment is more important than the excellentknowledge of this job.
24、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Competition between friends always has a negative effect on their friendship.
你同意还是不同意?朋友之间的竞争总是会对他们的友谊产生负面影响。
25、★★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important goal of education is to teach people how to educate themselves.
独立写作部分 四星级25题
26、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is as important for older people to study or learn new things as it is for younger people.
27、★★★★
When choosing a place for living, which factor is the most important one for you? 1. Living in an area not expensive, 2. Living close to relatives 3. Living in an area with many shops and restaurants.
28、★★★★
If your teacher says something incorrect in a class, what willyou do? 1. Interrupt your teacher right away 2. Keep silent 3. Correct your teacher after class
29、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents should allow children to make mistakes and let them learn from their own mistakes.
30、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The car (automobile) has had a greater effect on society than the airplane.
31、★★★★
In times of an economic crisis, in which area should the government reduce its spending? 1. Education 2. Health Care 3.support for the unemployed.
32、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the busy and crowded world today, we should not expect people to be polite to each other.
33、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the past young people depended on their parents for making decisions. Today, young people are better able to make decisions on their own.
34、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents should give school-age children money as a reward for getting a high mark (grade) in school.
35、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents do not understand their children as well as parents did 50 years ago.
36、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students should not take part-time jobs while they are studying in the university.
37、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The telephone has greater influence on people’s lives than television has.
38、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology designed to make our life simpler actually makes our life more complicated
39、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The food we eat today is much healthier than in the past.
40、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the past, it was easier to identify what type of career or job would lead to a secure and successful future.
41、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The rapid growth of cities has a mostly positive impact on the development of the society.
42、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Improving schools is the most important factor for the successful development of a country.
43、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for the government to spend money on new buildings than to preserve historic or traditional buildings and homes.
44、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People can solve important problems by themselves or with the help from their family members so there’s no need for the government to help them
45、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the modern world, we should never be impolite to another person.
46、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is important for governments to protect wild animals and wilderness areas for the future generations.
47、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder.
48、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? To achieve successful development of a country, a government should spend more money on young children’s education rather than on universities.
49、★★★★
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important problems in today’s world will be solved in our lifetime.
50、★★★★
Some people think university professors should spend more time doing research while others think they should spend more time educating students. What is your view?
综合写作部分 五星级25题
1、★★★★★
阅读部分：
讲 congestion pricing。说为了缓解交通拥堵，想要在city中的某个区域收费，这样就能缓解一下。
1. 这样做可以improve time(主要就是说节省时间)
2. 可以改善环境improve that area's environment
3. 收的fee 可以用于revenue。the city 可以再修路，修桥什么的
听力反驳：
1.这样做有些司机不愿意花钱走这个区域就得绕路，更浪费时间。举了个例子：送快递的，他们要省钱，所以送快递的时候会变长。
2. 在收费区里面环境可能会好点，但是周围的车相对就会增多，noise and air pollution 就会多。所以不是整个city都能环境变好
3. 有的人不能afford 这个费用了，就会去坐subway，政府就得出更多的钱维护subway，这样一来收的那点钱可能还不够维护的，所以也不能起到帮助修桥，修路什么的作用了。
2、★★★★★
阅读：
一个什么动物在很久以前身躯很大的原因：那时候氧气含量很多 plant 很多warm climate listening :
1. 氧气含量其实比现在还少(很多百分比，听糊涂了，这样不确定)
2. plant 是很多，但是营养很少
3. warm climate is actually a disadvantage, because they needed to cool off
3、★★★★★
"阅读说关于大象有三种很奇幻的说法：
1，大象能预知自己将死，并找到水边独自死去，形成“grave”。
2，大象有艺术和绘画的能力，能拿笔画画。(能用鼻子画个花)
3，大象怕小老鼠(有个实验把他和老鼠放在一起)。
听力里驳斥
1，大象是因为老了而牙齿脱落，要软的食品，只能吃软的草，而在水边才容易找到。body 多在水边发现，并不是他们能感知死亡
2，大象会画画是因为有人训练它教它动作(训象人用摸耳朵的方式)并不是它真的有能力。(只是记住了line 没有创作)
3，大象不是怕老鼠，是因为它对没见过的东西警觉，这是动物本能，因为它突然冒出来了，本能躲了一下。熟悉了之后就不怕了。当动物园里的大象(对老鼠熟悉了)，就根本不在乎了。"
4、★★★★★
阅读：越来越多的人对在大公司上班失去了兴趣，转而自己开公司(self-employed)：
1，大公司上班有太多bureaucracy，难以实现自己的idea。
2，大公司上班工作稳定感大大不如从前。
3，大公司最近几年不提供extra benefits，比如退休金，更低的医疗保险。
听力里驳斥
1，自己开公司要面对的手续会更多。
2， 自己开公司明显更有风险，稳定感更不强。
3 ， 自己开公司extra benefits 更没有保证。
5、★★★★★
阅读是说有个作家xx说中国人在between1421 年and 1423 年去过America。
听力讲座：教授说怀疑中国人没到过America，no evidence to show Chinese came to America 在1421-1423 年
第一段大概是说Bimix 上面有markings, 是Chinese弄的。
第二段大概是说在coast land 还是哪里发现了石头的anchors，说是中国人在哪里弄的。
第三段是说在某个岛上面有个stone tower，有点像lighthouse，说是中国人搞的，然后Chinese sailor could raise and xx platform for repair damaged boats.
反驳：第一说那些 marking 是natural formation，不是人为的marking，只是像人为的。说geologist 看的话一眼就可以看出是天然行程的。
第二说那些anchor 也不一定是中国人，因为在那个时候，anchor 已经用了好久在航海了，不只一个国家用锚.
第三是说那个岛上的tower 不是中式建筑，看起来是England 建筑，说那个岛原来是一个England 的owner 的，这个lighthouse 更像是England 建筑。
6、★★★★★
文章是讲的关于Harappan civilization decline 的原因的三个假说。
第一个是受到游牧民族nomadic tribe 入侵。
第二个是气候变化导致农业垮了，没有食物。
第三个是水源被污造成一种通过水传播的流行病，所以就搬迁。
听力反驳：
第一个是当时H 文明的地盘很大large scale 游牧民族虽然打了他几个地区但是还不至于导致他decline。
第二个是同时期的埃及文明和另一种文明同样遭受了气候变化但是都调整了农业有了surplus 的food。所以H 也不可能因为气候变化而decline。
第三个是H 人都是出色的工程师，他们创造了先进的水系统可以防止疾病通过水传播。
7、★★★★★
lecture 讲英国的written book Pearl Poet 真正作者到底是谁，因为只有一个署名儿在这书中的一个poem 的title下面叫什么P. 文章就开猜了,有三种可能性。
【1】第1 个被认为可能的人John Massey，因为流传下来的他们的作品的handwriting 是一样的;
【2】第2 个是Hugh，因为H 的其中一首poem 描写的region 和书中一手叫什么骑士Knight 的描写的地方一样
【3】第3 种猜测是那四首诗是一个collection，Pearl Poet是一堆人。
听力部分反驳：
【1】第一个理由，过去的作品都是靠copy 传播的，原版被reproduce 很多次。所以人们看到的可能只是同一个人手抄copy original 的书，不能表明作者相同;
【2】第二个理由，教授说不是他，因为诗使用的dialect 不同。这俩个人处于不同的地方，会有不同口音dialect，所以那种修辞在不同口音的情况下是不同的;
【3】像词语vocabulary 的用法啥的都是重复那么多次频率这么高这肯定是一个人写的，不可能有很多人collection 都有这些unique 的特性。
8、★★★★★
阅读说 bee 在200 million years 前就存在了的观点受到质疑，理由：
1 没化石。
2 没花没食物。
3 化石结构可能不是bee 的。
speaker 反驳
1，没有化石是因为那时候没树，无法preserve 化石。
2. bee 不是一定要feed on 花的，也可以是pine tree 什么的。
3.通过化学物质可以断定化石那就是bee 的。
9、★★★★★
Anasazi 文明突然vanished ， 估计是干旱drought 造成的。理由如下：
【1】全球变暖，该文明消逝前后的1800AD正值一场大规模的全球变暖，带来严重干旱，导致文明消逝。
【2】文明消失前，Anasazi 人已经规模的修建水利公事，但估计最后是这些公事没能保证足够的水源，使得Anasazi 人无法应对突如其来的旱灾，被迫离开家园。
【3】Anasazi 的文明消逝的非常突然with no notice,并且in a short time,说明不是一般的文明衰落的原因。
教授说，关于 Anasazi 的文明突然消逝的原因很多，但至今没有定论，干旱的说法更是站不住脚。理由如下：
【1】全球变暖说。文明消失的1800AD 前后是有一次大变暖，但考古发现Anasazi 原住地附近的树长得都很好，一点也不缺水，说明全球变暖带来的缺水说不成立。
【2】Anazia 人在几百年前就修建水利公事，而且他们完全有能力储备足够的水源，所以，这一说法也不成立。(这一点没听好)
【3】文明突然消逝，可能是由其他原因造成的。比如瘟疫plague 和战争war.有一种理论认为，另一个强大但缺水的部落civilization 为了争夺水源和Anazia 人打仗，迫使后者离开家园。
10、★★★★★
综合写作passage 讲了三种可能的理论来解释一次物种大灭绝，1. sea level decline 造成coast living 灭绝。2. cool climate，主要是火山活动造成的SO2 增多，导致地球变冷。3. asteroid strikes，产生的cater 使植物得不到足够的sunshine，也是恐龙灭绝的原因。
listening 里的professor 进行一点一点的否决：1. 她说sea level 在那个时候是fluctuate，但是很graduate，所以对coast living造不成影响因为它们能适应环境的变化。
2. SO 虽然能使地球变冷，但是大气中的SO 不怎么多，而且还为变成酸雨降到地面上。
3. asteroid 撞击地球是在12 million year ago(好像是，不太确定没在作文里写)，在生物大灭绝之前发生，和这次没任何关系。
11、★★★★★
阅读文章deep-sea mining
1. 论述mining 的metal 是适合的
2. 论述metal 的污染问题0T
3. 论述mining 的管制法制问题
讲座反驳：
1.volcanic mining 出来的metal 不一定available，目前的技术不够好，collect and transportation 技术都不好
2. 即是metal 只污染2 公里以内的，但是污物业会drift back 回? 动物还是会受影响
3. 虽然现在很多law 管制，而coast 属于某一个国家。international agency &law 只对公海有效，对coast 无效吧。
12、★★★★★
Primary care doctors美国的初级医护人员
阅读20000 primary care doctors are in shortage in America, there are three reasons
1, 上医学院学费贵，学生需要贷款，毕业之后 primary doctors 的工资低，不够还贷款
2，P C doctors 压力大， 工作时间长，看的病人多，没人愿意干这个工作
3，the opportunities to get trained are limited. 毕业后要培训三年才能上岗，但是residency position不多，导致很多学生毕业后得不到培训，之后他们就延迟培训或者该行
听力
这些问题都有解决方法
1，学生入学时承诺毕业后在 primary care field干，政府就会给他们提供帮助，比如帮助附贷款或者提供奖学金
2，可以培训护士，让她们承担一部分医生的工作，比如开药方，这样医生压力就减少了
3，美国颁布了一个法律，规定如果毕业生三年里都没有接受培训，政府就会把他们安排到其他医院，这些医院有residency positions
13、★★★★★
综合写作
【主题】
Electronic medication record电子医疗记录
Reading：
It is benefit to have electronic medication record.
1.Save money
2.Less error
3.Provide research data
Listening:
Disagree.
1.Doctors will keep paper records even if they have electronic records.
2.Doctors like to use paper records, and ask others to input records into computer, which will more easily to make errors.
Medicine records cannot be used freely.
14、★★★★★
Schools in big cities do not have enough teachers, the reading believes that signing bonuses ( offering teachers cash payment,and other financial incentives) project can improve urban schools.
在大城市的学校没有足够的教师，阅读认为签约奖金(提供教师现金支付，和其他财政奖励)项目可以提高城市学校。
1. Signing bonus will increase the income, usually teachers' income is low. So this project could stimulate other teacher to apply for urban schools.
2. The Signing bonuses makes the teachers's salaries comparable with other professions, thus would attract capable candidates from other professions into teaching positions such as computer science, engineers.
3. The signing bonuses will reduce teacher staffing problem at the beginning of a school term. They will not quit at the beginning of their jobs. Besides, They are legally obligated to pay back the money if they quit.
听力
Listening
The signing bonuses are not likely to solve the problem.
1. According to a survey concerning what do teachers care the most. Salary is not the top concern. Other factors, such as how well the school administration is, how well the laboratories and libraries are, or even the commute hours matter more to some experienced teachers. So the experienced teachers are not likely to apply for urban schools only for the sake of money.
2. The biggest obstacle for other professions to enter teaching position is the stressful and long process getting the teaching certification. They have to quit the old jobs to prepare, which results in salary loss. If they are preparing while doing their current job, it would be more stressful.
3. it would not be a good thing to both teachers and their students if teachers are trapped in their position. Teachers can not leave schools before they pay back the bonus money, they will not in good mood, the teaching and student will suffer.
15、★★★★★
Business 的，阅读提出了三种提高销量的方法，听力给予反驳。
1. New version of existing products,
反驳的店是如果老顾客不喜欢新版本又会觉得用旧版很过时，就会放弃对这个牌子饮料的消费
2. New product related to the brand.
反驳的是如果旧的vehicle的卖点是tough,如果新产品如boots没有这样的quality,就会给公司带来bad reputation.反驳是如果原来买冰淇淋的厂商开始卖巧克力了，会增加巧克力的竞争者。
3. 联合生产。
反驳的是如果产品一个企业生产不了那么可以几个公司合作，要不没什么用。举了一个冰淇淋和巧克力的例子。可以如果有一天生产巧克力的那家公司开始自己生产冰淇淋，不再依赖冰淇淋公司，会导致从合作变成竞争关系。
16、★★★★★
【主题】
野牛数量的下降
Reading：
1.人将它作为了source of food
2.Migrators 带来的competing for grassland
3.新科技的发展，如枪的发展
Listening:
1.人是从东部迁徙过去的，但是野牛数量下降时从西边开始的，东部也吃野牛，但是数量没有下降。
2.野牛可以在寒冷的天气下生存，有很厚的皮，还可以吃雪下面的草而牛和马在冷环境下无法存活。
过去的狩猎武器跟新武器一样有效，所以新武器出现后威力更大的说法是说不通的。
17、★★★★★
阅读文章：
在 Rhone river 的河底，考古学家发现了一个bust(就是一种头部雕塑)，人们认为这个bust 是Julius Caesar 的。有几个理由：
【1】style of the sculpture: 头像的艺术风格正好是Caesar 的那个年代的，叫“realist style”【2】resemblance to Caesar’s other portraits : Caesar 年代的silver coin 上有他的头像，和考古发现的这个bust 非常相似，特别是头发
【3】location of the bust found: Caser 后来被推翻，所以民众不敢在新的国王统治下还保留Caesar 的头像，所以就扔河里了，很说得通。
听力讲座教授反对：
【1】realism 又不是在Julius Caesar 的时代才有，在Julius Caesar 死后还持续了很久，可能bust 是其他人的作品
【2】仅仅是与coin 上hair 一样，bust 的鼻子却和coin上的不同，要是出自同一人，all features should be consistent with each other
，只是单纯的废品。人们不可能很早就埋好了这个半身像，为了显示自己对Julius Caesar 的崇敬。
18、★★★★★
reading 谈到了deer鹿的角的三种function
1st 散热
2nd keep from predator
3rd male用来表示他们predominant
lecture的观点：
1不对，deer 夏天过后它们的角还在grow呢;cold的地方还grow呢;有些warm的地方deer的角偏小，cold的地方它的角偏大，所以不是用来散热的啊。
2不对，如果是防predator呢，那female咋不长呢。还有啊，在有些地方deer是kick击退wolf的啊
3不对，两个deer confront each other，发出song来传达信息，然后其中一只deer walk around，没有clear的迹象表明是角比较小的deer walk around了啊
19、★★★★★
【主题】Stone 为什么能够被搬到很远的地方
Reading：(1)风吹的;(2)ice 把stone 包裹起来，滑下去的时候带动stone 移动;(3)人为move。
Listening：反驳：(1)石头有移动的痕迹，说明阻力很大，由于石头很重，不可能有这么大的风能吹动。(2)那个地方不会有那么大的冰层，temperature 不够低，水不够充足;(3)因为是泥地，如果有人存在，会有痕迹，但是没有痕迹。并没有人或马的脚印留下来。
20、★★★★★
Reading
草原上prairie dogs(土拨鼠) 的数量减少，人们就是否应该把其作为保护动物引发了争论。
1、农民们觉得土拨鼠是 geological pests，因为它们和cattle竞争食物来源(也就是草地资源)
2、Prairie dogs身上有fleas, 会让接触它们的人们感染患病, do harm to human health.
3、Prairie dogs do not have enough ecological importance to deserve protection.
Listening
1、这种想法outdated, 因为现在cattle obtain food by feeding，就是cattle 的食物来源变了，不会受到土拨鼠的影响。
2、Prairie dogs身上的fleas在人身上不能存活。 Investigations have shown that in colorado, only 10 people suffered from illness by contacting the prairie dogs in the last 50 years.
3、虽然土拨鼠是plant eaters, 但是它们也对草原生态系统有重大影响。例如 burrows made by prairie dogs represent a habitat for other species, 蚂蚁什么 的(这里不太确定)。还有prairie dogs 是它们的predators (例如fox)的食物来源。所以 the decline of the number of prairie dogs exerts a negative impact on prairie ecosystem.
微信扫描下方二维码，第一时间知晓托福考试真题预测及解析，还有北美留学最新动态喔~(微信号：toefl120)!