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Parents and teachers generally believe it is best for children to study and play with other children of the same age. For this reason, same-age peer groups are the norm for children, both in and out of school, and at all ages, from infancy through adolescence. When children are organized into groups withtheir peers, it encourages tolerance and cooperation and discourages conflict and competition.
Peer group build tolerance and decrease conflict because the children are equals in terms of status and power. Even when peers tease each other, the teasing is acceptable because it occurs among equals. Joking and teasing will actually build toleration among peers, who are able to work out manydifferences without the intervention of adults.
Because peers are at the same stage of mental and physical development, structured competition is a positive experience for them. The healthy competition of team sports, games and other contests will challenge individuals to perform well in order to benefit the group. Contests and competition between same-age peer groups will reduce conflict because the completion is structured and managed in a healthy, enjoyable manner. Competitive games build teamwork and group pride because winning the game is a shared success.
Cooperation comes naturally to children of the same age because they experience the same events and issues at the same level of development. Peers are friends, classmates, and teammates who learn together in a healthy, sharing environment. Same-age peer groups play an important positive role in children’s socialization because they promote cooperation and group identity.
Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge specific points made in the reading passage.