为了提高
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? High schools should allow students to study the courses that students want to study. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
I think high school students should be allowed to choose more of the courses they enroll in every term. That said, the basic subjects, like mathematics, literature, and science, should be mandatory for all students.
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首段，第一句话提出作者的观点，然后继续对作者的观点进行简单拓展。 |
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首段为文章陈述了作者论点，并进行了简单的分析。 |
When I was in high school, we were allowed to choose three electives each semester. Electives were subjects that weren’t part of the basic curriculum and were provided for the students’ individual interests and growth. They included things like music, journalism, art, and various kinds of team sports. Choosing to study some of these subjects gave me a chance to experiment. I was able to get a head start on what I was going to study in college.
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本段是一个总分的结构。开头提出论点，即选修课给学生的个人爱好和兴趣的培养提供了机会。然后用自己选修课程的例子进行了说明，这些兴趣培养是为了以后的大学课程做准备。 |
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本段是文章第二段，提出了正文的第一个支持论点。 |
However, college preparation shouldn’t be the main focus of pre-college education. I think all students should be allowed to take a certain number of courses just because they’re interested in them. For many students, high school is the last chance to learn about things about which they have a genuine desire to know more. Once they have a job there might not be any time for this type of personal learning.
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总分的结构，开头提出论点，即有一些基础课程的固定学习是必要的。后面用自己的经验来进行论证，说明学生有可能会因为不感兴趣放弃基本学科的学习，从而造成基础知识的缺失。 |
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本段是文章第四段，提出了正文的第三个支持论点。 |
Of course, it’s also important that students study certain basic subjects. If I’d had a choice, I know I wouldn’t have studied mathematics or science. I wasn’t very interested in them. However, once I was in class, I found myself more interested than I had anticipated. I wouldn’t have known this if I’d been given the choice, because I would have chosen not to take the courses in the first place. Plus, they were really beneficial for my overall academic development.
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本段前两句话进行了让步，说明青少年们的判断可能并不是最优，他们需要引导和帮助，接下来转折重述自己的观点，即他们仍然需要一些自由空间去发展自己的兴趣爱好，学校也应该给他们机会去做选择。 |
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本段是文章的尾段，承接了上文，总结了观点，并重新陈述了作者立场。 |
满分要素剖析
一、语言表达
本文在句式上下了很多功夫，有虚拟语气的使用，还有各类从句的使用，虽然在词汇上并没有什么亮点，但是也让文章增色不少，因此大家可以注意作者的句式表达，灵活地组建句子，表达句意。
1、Electives were subjects that weren’t part of the basic curriculum and were provided for the students’ individual interests and growth. 这句话是作者对选修课的解释，在做这类解释时，不用死死地想着正式的定义，而是应该充分从自己的立场出发，结合内容上的需要来做解释。比如句中说，选修课是能帮助发展个人兴趣和成长的课程，这与作者的证明意图是相关的。
2、However, once I was in class, I found myself more interested than I had anticipated. 这里once引导时间状语从句，是表示一旦…，当…的连词。Anticipate 表示期待，期望，与expect意思相近。
3、I wouldn’t have known this if I’d been given the choice, because I would have chosen not to take the courses in the first place. 这句话里比较重要的结构是if引导的虚拟语气句的使用，would have done，表示对过去事情的假设，本来会做…
二、逻辑结构
文章首先提出观点，给学生自由选课的空间，但同时也要保证基础课程的学习，接着以这两个方面作为出发点。首先说明让学生们自由选课的理由——发展个人兴趣和能力和为大学做准备，接着又说明基础课程的重要性，重视两方面的平衡。结尾时首先让步，说明青少年考虑问题会有不成熟之处，而我们在给他们以引导的同时也需要给他们自由的空间。作者的观点本身具有两面性，因此在讨论时会比较全面，能平衡双方，结合提出建议。全文使用的是总分总的结构，开头偏重背景介绍和观点提出，结尾总结全文，给出了理由概述。每个段落也以总分结构为主，开门见山，顺次延伸。
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