为了提高
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should be required to help with household tasks as soon as they are able to do so. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
In America’s past, children were valuable workers. For example, they provided essential assistance on family farms or in family businesses in order to provide a good living environment and money. Just a couple of generations later, attitudes and society changed. Now children are hardly expected to work at all. Modern children often don’t even do chores in the home. This is sad, because I think that they are missing a valuable opportunity to learn and grow when they are not required to help out at home. Sharing in household tasks benefits children of all ages, and indeed, the entire family.
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首段，前四句话提出背景，为观点的提出做铺垫。后两句话讲出了作者的观点，并继续对作者的观点进行简单拓展。 |
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首段为文章提供了背景，陈述了作者论点，并进行了简单的分析。 |
First of all, household tasks build skills. Very young children learn motor skills and classification skills when they pick up their toys, organize them, and put them away. Talking about how to do things helps them learn to analyze situations. Older children learn skills they’ll need as adults. Cleaning and cooking may seem dull, but knowing how to do them well makes life a lot easier. How many young adults leave for college unable to do their own laundry or cook anything besides a frozen microwave dinner or dry noodles? It’s amazingly common.
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本段是一个总分的结构。开头一句话提出论点，即劳动炼人。后面对论点进行了进一步解释，孩子们如何在做家务的过程中学会对他们终生有用的东西。 |
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本段是文章第二段，提出了正文的第一个支持论点。 |
When everyone in a family helps out, the family is happier. Nowadays it’s common for both parents to work. When each parent comes home, each still probably has more work to do. Life is stressful and there’s precious little time for fun. By sharing household tasks, everyone gains. Children can help their parents with simple tasks such as picking up their own rooms, putting away their own laundry, cooking and serving dinner on occasion, or taking care of younger siblings. Then the family can relax together, and parents won’t feel like servants to their “couch potato” offspring.
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总分的结构，开头提出论点，即帮助家人做家务，会让家庭关系更和谐。后面进一步展开，举了生活中平常的例子来说明在家务活上互相帮助好处多多。 |
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本段是文章第三段，提出了正文的第二个支持论点。 |
The most important thing children learn from helping with household tasks is personal ownership and responsibility. Handling everyday tasks teaches organization and time management skills. Children learn that chores have to be completed before they can play, or before they get allowances. Children who understand that effort pays off will be more successful later in life.
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总分的结构，开头提出论点，即在干家务这件事情上，孩子们通常能学到责任感和个人所有权。 |
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本段是文章第四段，提出了正文的第三个支持论点。 |
Kids should not work all the time. A happy life needs balance. But if they can successfully handle tasks at home, they will handle the rigors, challenges, and stresses of life better as well. They will know the satisfaction of doing a good job, be involved in family life, and become more confident and responsible adults.
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本段第一句话进行了让步，第二句话用转折告诉了我们这样做的优点是大大多于缺点的。第三句话进行了简单的陈述概括，孩子们会从做家务活这件事情中受益良多。 |
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本段是文章的尾段，承接了上文，总结了观点，并重新陈述了作者立场。 |
满分要素剖析
一、语言表达
本文语言的一大亮点是作者丰富的词汇量和灵活的使用方式，文中有很多值得学习的词组，动词或者名词，比如动词词组pay off，as well，be involved in，help out，动宾搭配 do laundry，build skills，handle tasks/challenge/stresses，名词chores，allowance，siblings等等一些比较地道的词汇。
1、Just a couple of generations later, attitudes and society changed. Now children are hardly expected to work at all. Modern children often don’t even do chores in the home. 表示一些用a couple of，一般说a couple of years。Be expected to do表示被指望，被期望做某事。Chores是一个很地道的词，表示家务。Hardly表示否定的副词，同义词还有seldom。
2、First of all, household tasks build skills. 表示首先用first of all，这种连接上下文，提示逻辑关系的词语一定不能省略，它们是文章重要的一部分。Build有建立的意思，build skills表示锻炼能力。Household task是家务的另一种说法，文章还用了chore来表示家务。
3、Very young children learn motor skills and classification skills when they pick up their toys, organize them, and put them away. 这个句子里面的一系列动词和动词词组非常值得学习，pick up表示捡起来，organize表示整理， put away表示收起来，这三个虽然各自有不同的意思，但是在这里都是指向收拾，整理这一个意义，只是具体落实到收拾不同的东西上。
4、Then the family can relax together, and parents won’t feel like servants to their “couch potato” offspring.这句话中有一个非常地道的词汇 couch potato，专指那些喜欢窝在沙发里，不爱动的懒虫们，offspring是子孙后代的意思，指代家里的小孩子。
5、Children can help their parents with simple tasks such as picking up their own rooms, putting away their own laundry, cooking and serving dinner on occasion, or taking care of younger siblings.固定搭配help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事，同样的，pick up和put away都指代收拾整理的含义，serve dinner是一个很地道的搭配，表示晚餐前的摆桌，上菜等一些准备行为，on occasion表示偶尔，有时的副词，occasion还可以表示次数，比如on one occasion有一次，siblings是兄弟姐妹的统称。
二、逻辑结构
文章从三个角度两个正面论证了自己的观点，一个是从小孩子的角度出发，家务活可以让他们学会必要的生活技能，以及让他们形成基本的责任感和个人所有权意识;一个是从整个家庭出发，家庭成员的互相帮助，能增进成员关系。在最后总结段落里稍作让步，但是马上转折说明鼓励孩子做家务的好处是在坏处之上的，这体现了作者逻辑上的全面性。全文总分总的结构十分清晰，逻辑连接词也将全文联系得很紧密。
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