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Some young children spend a great amount of their time practicing sports. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Most kids love to play sports. It’s important to them, but for the majority, sports are just one type of activity out of many possible options. For a small number of kids, though, a sport may become their whole life focus. They spend almost all their time and energy practicing. This has both advantages and disadvantages.
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首段，前两句介绍了文章背景，关于运动在孩子们生活中所扮演的角色。最后一句引出下文的讨论。 |
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首段为文章提供了背景，介绍问题，并引导下文。 |
Sports are good for young children in many ways. Kids who enjoy sports are likely to have better health. They develop good habits of daily exercise that will keep them healthy as adults, too. Today, many children and adults are obese and unhealthy, but those who love sports stay in good shape and experience drastically improved health. Plus, by developing their physical abilities and improving, they will learn how to work hard towards personal goals. Their achievements in sports will also allow them to feel good about themselves. They’ll also make friends and learn teamwork. Sports, no matter how often, can have positive effects.
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本段是一个总分的结构。开头提出论点，即体育运动对于孩子们来说有很多好处。后面从两个方面展开讨论体育运动的积极性：一个是有益于身体健康，一个是有益于自信心的建立，促进心理健康。 |
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本段是文章第二段，对第一个方面进行了讨论。 |
We admire the talent and dedication of young athletes, but we also wonder if they’re missing out on other things. Their focus can be very narrow. If they devote most of their time to sports, are they neglecting schoolwork? What about other interests? Children should try out many different activities, even those they may not initially be interested in. Additionally, many young athletes are pressured by parents or coaches to succeed regardless of cost. Kids whose drive comes from inside usually do well, but others whose pressure comes from outside can be unhappy and have health and emotional problems. So sports, like anything else in excess, can have negative effect too.
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总分的结构，开头提出论点，即对于将体育活动当成生活重心的体育小健儿们来说，他们或许会因为这些活动错过了其它事情。接下来依然从两个方面说明：一个是学业和其它兴趣培养的滞后，影响全面发展；一个是过大的外部压力可能会导致各种心理问题。 |
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本段是文章第三段，对第二个方面进行了讨论。 |
When I was young, I liked books and hated sports. I saw other people who loved sports and hated school. Now that I’m older, I’ve found a better balance. Individuals have to figure out what’s right for them. Is there such a thing as too much sports? There is no right answer, because there is no set standard or “right amount.” Everyone is different.
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首先从自己的经历出发，结合自身感受，然后切题，说明要根据自己的情况找到那个独一无二的平衡点。 |
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本段是文章的尾段，承接了上文，总结了观点，并重新陈述了作者立场。 |
满分要素剖析
一、语言表达
文章语言比较平实，但是语意表达清晰，也有一些高分的词汇，词组或者是句式。
1、Sports are good for young children in many ways. 这句话里in many ways表示“在很多方面，从很多方面来说”，这是一个常用的搭配，be+形容词+in many ways，在引出接下来的讨论时使用十分方便。
2、Plus, by developing their physical abilities and improving, they will learn how to work hard towards personal goals. 开头plus表示“另外，还有”，develop abilities能力，技能的发展，develop在发展，开发这个意义上也是一个性价比很高的动词。
3、We admire the talent and dedication of young athletes, but we also wonder if they’re missing out on other things. 这句话中有一个常用的句型I/We wonder if…我们/我想知道…是否，wonder在很多语境中表示思考，猜测，想知道的心理活动，比如I was wondering if 句型表示我在想…是否，也是一种委婉语气的表达。admire表示羡慕，欣赏，dedication表示专注。
4、If they devote most of their time to sports, are they neglecting schoolwork? 这个句子里面有两个结构，devote to表示致力于，专注于。neglect表示忽视，忽略。
二、逻辑结构
根据题目要求，这是一个讨论型的议论文，要求讨论学生参加体育运动的两面性，因此整个文章的行文也是从好处和坏处这两方面出发来分别讨论的。开头介绍背景引出讨论，结尾总结强调事物的两面性和个人的特殊性，而非普遍地倒向某一个方面。在分别进行积极与消极作用讨论时，两个方面又各自分两个层次来说明，详细清晰地表达了自己的意见。这类文章的常见模式就是开头铺垫背景，引出讨论，中间展现两面性，结尾再给出自己的建议，属于分总的结构。而两个方面的讨论属于总分的结构。
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