为了提高
Some people say that physical exercise should be a required part of every school day. Other people believe that students should spend the whole school day on academic studies. Which opinion do you agree with? Give specific reasons and details to support your answer.
While physical exercise is important, I do not believe that it is a school’s responsibility to provide physical training for its students. That is something that everyone can take care of on his or her own.
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首段，第一句话提出作者观点。第二句话适当延伸观点。 |
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首段为文章提供了背景，陈述了作者论点，并进行了简单的分析。 |
Many students get plenty of physical exercise as part of their daily life or recreation. A student who rides a bicycle ten miles to and from school each day does not need more exercise, and any additional school-enforced exercise would be tiresome and wasteful. A good physical education program must take a student’s outside activity into consideration. Otherwise, some students will spend valuable class hours repeating physical exercise when they could be doing something much more productive.
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本段是一个总分的结构。开头提出论点，即很多学生在平时的生活中就注重锻炼或者自然地得到了锻炼。比如对于离学校有一定距离因此骑自行车上学的同学来说，额外的锻炼会成为体力负担。接下来进一步说明学校需要全面地考虑学生们的情况。 |
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本段是文章第二段，提出了正文的第一个支持论点。 |
If a school offers such activities, it also suggests that students will be graded on them. The range of possible physical activities is great: football, swimming, weight lifting, ballet, ballroom dance, yoga, skiing, horseback riding, and golf are just a few. However, the number that a school could offer would be much fewer. Some students could get bad grades in physical education simply because the school could not provide an activity they enjoy or do well. This seems unfair. Research suggests that participation, not excellence, in these activities determines the physical benefits the body will get.
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分总的结构，开头铺垫如果学校集中提供锻炼的机会，打分必然成为一种考核的方式，接着说明学校无法满足所有学生的要求，提供他们擅长的项目，最后总结，条件的限制将导致学生之间的不公平，并在结尾出援引研究报告，说明参与度比分数的高低更重要。 |
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本段是文章第三段，提出了正文的第二个支持论点。 |
Another issue is an economic one. Many schools do not have the money to provide gym facilities, playing fields, and athletic equipment for their students. Other schools are located in cities where that kind of space just isn’t available. A few schools would rather keep money for academic purposes, which, after all, is their main focus and priority.
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总分的结构，开头提出论点，即有些学校经费有限，无法为学生提供好的活动场地。然后说明这些学校会将注意力集中到学术建设上。 |
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本段是文章第四段，提出了正文的第三个支持论点。 |
Schools can certainly encourage physical activity. They can provide space for notices about activities, events, and classes for physical activities. They can encourage students to plan time away from academic studies to get some exercise. However, I think that providing exercise should not be the school’s responsibility or obligation.
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本段先进行让步，肯定学校鼓励体育锻炼的合理性，最后一句话转折并总结，鼓励不应该被发展成强制的责任和义务。 |
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本段是文章的尾段，承接了上文，总结了观点，并重新陈述了作者立场。 |
满分要素剖析：
一、 语言表达
本文的语言清新自然，没有很多繁琐的句式或者艰深的词汇，但也不是简单句和陈旧的词汇堆砌出来的文章，作者在一些词组，形容词的使用上展现了自己的积累，也给文章赋予了简洁的气息。
1、A good physical education program must take a student’s outside activity into consideration. 这一句话中的take sth. into consideration，考虑到，把…纳入考虑，还可以直接用consider来表达。
2、A few schools would rather keep money for academic purposes, which, after all, is their main focus and priority. 前半部分的Would rather do sth.表示宁愿做，after all表示毕竟。Priority表示优先的事情。
3、If a school offers such activities, it also suggests that students will be graded on them.表示提示，暗示，意味着，解释为imply as a possibility，suggest还有其它的意思，在使用时要注意不同意思的不同用法。grade在这句话里用作动词，表示打分，后接on sb.
二、 逻辑结构
文章从三个方面正面论证了开头提出的论点，在结尾时首先做让步，肯定另一方的合理性，然后转折说明这合理性不应该变成强制要求学生们参加体育活动的理由。结构上采用的是总分总，每个分论点下采用的是总分，或者是先讨论再总结的结构。
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