托福写作185题库独立范文及解析：第129题

　　为了提高

　　Decisions can be made quickly, or they can be made after careful thought. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The decisions that people make quickly are always wrong. Use reasons and specific examples to support your opinion.

　　I disagree with the statement that the decisions people make quickly are always fundamentally wrong. However, I think those decisions probably turn out to be wrong more often. Usually, fast decisions are based on momentary feelings or reactions. Sometimes these reactions are based on good sense backed by experience, but sometimes they’re based on nonsense.

　　What if your boss entrusts you with a big project? He thinks you’re the best person for the job, but he needs an answer if you can or cannot do it. He hasn’t told you what the project is, but you make the quick decision to accept. In this case, the quick decision is the best. Doing a good job on this project might help your career. You realize it’s good potential to reach higher and succeed.

　　But let’s say you’re on a deserted highway late at night and your car breaks down. Along comes a car driven by someone who looks mean. He offers you a ride. You make the quick decision to accept the ride because it’s late, you’re cold and tired and you don’t want to walk. This is a case where a quick decision is a wrong decision. You shouldn’t trade your personal safety for anything.

　　How do you know when it’s okay to make a quick decision? You have to be able to weigh potential benefits and dangers. If my whole future were at stake, I’d want as much time as I could get to think about it.

　　满分要素剖析

　　一、语言表达

　　1. However, I think those decisions probably turn out to be wrong more often. Usually, fast decisions are based on momentary feelings or reactions. Sometimes these reactions are based on good sense backed by experience, but sometimes they’re based on nonsense.这句话细读时会发现出现了大量的频率副词，这是为什么呢?其实是由于作文题干The decisions that people make quickly are always wrong. 出现了always，这就确保了它有一定的争辩的意义。第一句的more often说明这些快速的决定在大多数情况下有可能probably错误，作者没有完全否定quick decisions，这里体现了作者的客观性，而没有像题干那样用always。第二句话的Usually通常以及第三句话的Sometimes，这些都能体现作者在论证过程中用词的谨慎和思维的现实缜密。第三句话中的backed by experience, but sometimes they’re based on nonsense.是过去分词作定语修饰sense，这种语法现象来自于定语从句的省略现象，如果通篇出现定语从句会显得写作水平不够高，所以能省略就要尽量用简洁的方式表达。

　　2. You shouldn’t trade your personal safety for anything. trade意思为交易，一般用于商业和经济贸易上，但是这个词用在这里却显得别样地生动，因为personal safety与anything直接是一个交易关系，把personal safety作为代价换来的就是anything，这样的做法是不应该的，言外之意，personal safety最重要。当要表达什么是最重要或最珍贵的，除了用Sth is the most important…还可以说We cannot trade sth. for anything

　　3. You have to be able to weigh potential benefits and dangers. If my whole future were at stake, I’d want as much time as I could get to think about it. 第一句话中的weigh potential benefits and dangers是权衡收益和风险的意思，这里的表达依然很有经济学的味道，因为做任何事情都会存在着收益和风险，也就是我们经常用的利与弊，只不过换了一种说法，所以这种别样的表达也可以作为万金油来使用，同义表达替换可为cost and profit或advantages and disadvantages。另外权衡用weigh也可以用同义替换高频词balance.第二句话中的at stake是下赌注的意思，这里的表达方式非常有趣也很生动，也就是说这里的不确定性很大，所以作者认为应该好好考虑，而不是随时做出快速决定。之后的think about是考虑的意思，这里的考虑指的是用心的考虑，比think of程度深。

　　二、逻辑结构

　　本文写了四大段，正文的中间两段采用了正反的写法。首先第一段提出核心问题，即fast decisions并不总是错的，是因为如果人们做决定的时间过快更有可能会导致决定错误，但是事实上有些时候也不一定，因为作者现实地提出，有些人凭借经验的积累是完全可以很快速并准确地做出决定的。第二段作者举了个生活中常见的事例，关于老板托付给员工project，这时员工需要快速做出决定，这个例子正面支持了作者的观点，是支持文章的第一个具体论据。而文章第三段作者笔锋一转，让步了自己倾向的观点，转为承认quick decision is a wrong decision，这样的写法体现了作者论述文章的全面和客观性。而最后一段总结，提出了核心问题How do you know when it’s okay to make a quick decision?是什么时候需要作出快速决定是很重要的，之后给出了答案，即要权衡收益和风险后再做决定。

　　独立写作185题库是ETS公布的托福考试经典官方作文题库，收录在托福考试官方指南(Official Guide)的附录中，在托福考试改革之前，是作文真题的主要来源。现在的托福考试对官方作文题目进行了扩大，但是185题库仍然和考试作文真题紧密相连，为考生提供最权威最真实的托福范文参考和写作练习。SmartStudy的教学专家对185题库的逐题讲解，从考题精读，头脑风暴，范文展示，甚至是同类题型的归纳等多个方面切入，将平面简短的文题毁灭性地分崩离析，以思路指导清晰其面貌，以生动的观点和事例丰满其个性，提供更完整更立体的试题透视途径，准确击碎写作障碍。

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