为了提高
Some people prefer to spend most of their time alone. Others like to be with friends of the time. Do you prefer to spend your time alone or with friends? Use specific reasons to support your answer.
I like to spend my time alone rather than with friends. I need this time alone to recharge my body and mind. Being with friends can be fun and can help you get through hard times, but it’s the time alone that influences a person the most.
|
内容 |
详细条目 |
段落 |
此段结构 |
本段是一个总分的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨,即作者喜欢自己独处而不是大部分时间和朋友在一起,之后给出原因,即作者喜欢利用闲散时间来充电自己,之后作者客观地进行让步,说明了又是朋友却是能帮助自己放松和愉悦身心,但是还是独处的时候最有用。 |
此段功能 |
本段是文章首段,引出要讨论内容,帮助作者陈述观点,摆明立场。 |
When I’m alone, I have time to think about my goals and to develop a strategy to reach them. It’s harder to concentrate in a crowd, and while having many people around has its own benefits; it is distracting and makes personal reflection difficult. Being alone gives me the time and space to really think about myself and my goals.
|
内容 |
详细条目 |
段落 |
此段结构 |
本段是一个总分的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨,即作者独自一人时喜欢梳理自己的人生理想。后面对主旨进行了简要分析和解释,因为人在群居时很难集中注意力来思考,所以作者选择自己独处,这样有更多的时间和空间。 |
此段功能 |
本段是文章的第二段,也就是正文第一段,写了支持作者立场的第一个分论点。 |
Being by myself is also a good way to listen to the silence and relax. When I’m alone I can lower my stress level. Too much time with friends means filling my mind with a lot of useless chatter. That’s enjoyable for a moment, but can dull my concentration on more serious matters.
|
内容 |
详细条目 |
段落 |
此段结构 |
本段是一个总分的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨,即自己呆着可以更加放松。后面对主旨进行了简要分析,即跟朋友在一起即便是很欢乐但那些没用的闲话只会分散注意力。 |
此段功能 |
本段是文章的第三段,也就是正文第二段,写了支持作者立场的第二个分论点。 |
Being with other people can also distort my own view of things. It’s easy sometimes to become self conscious or worried about what other people think of me. When I’m alone I have time to distance myself from these concerns and to see the real value of things, without being influenced by the opinions of my friends. It’s natural to want to be with other people, but it is also natural to find value in being alone. I have found that this time alone is more valuable to me in the long run.
|
内容 |
详细条目 |
段落 |
此段结构 |
本段是一个总分总的结构。可以分为两个部分。第一个部分作者阐述了和朋友在一起可能会影响他集中精力,然后叙述了一下这样想的原因。后面从正面对全文进行了总结,即告诉了我们独自呆着的重要性,重申论点。 |
此段功能 |
本段是文章的第四段,也就是正文第三段,写了支持作者立场的第三个分论点。并收束了全文,对论点进行了重述。 |
满分要素剖析
一、语言表达
1. Being with friends can be fun and can help you get through hard times, but it’s the time alone that influences a person the most.这句话是个转折句,当然我们也可以改写为 Although being with friends can be fun and can help you get through hard times, it’s the time alone that influences a person the most. 具体分析,前半句话“和…在一起”是being with sb, 之所以使用be动词,是因为be有延续性特征,也可以用together with来替换。get through表面上是通过,穿过的意思,内在含义还有历经磨难,艰难经历的引申意思。help sb do sth等于help sb to do sth。后半句话出现定语从句that influences a person the most修饰the time,而这里的time特指的是the time alone, 引导词that作从句主语,相当于the time alone,这里需要强调,influence既可以做名词,又可以作动词,动词为及物动词,而名词是可数或不可数都可。
2. It’s harder to concentrate in a crowd, and while having many people around has its own benefits; it is distracting and makes personal reflection difficult. 这是两个分句,首先第一句,It 作形式主语,代替后面不定式结构,原型是To concentrate in a crowd is harder. 第二个分句的It是指代作用,代替的是前面的半句话,还原是Having many people around is distracting and makes personal reflection difficult.另外这两句话对应的也非常工整,前一句的concentrate对应后面的distracting,前面的harder对应后面的difficult。另外reflection思考的意思,对应前文的think about。
3. When I’m alone I can lower my stress level. 这句话的lower作动词,为降低的意思,加压可以表达为relax, 还可以像本文一样lower the stress level,这样比用relax可以加长句子长度。lower是个不错的万能词,降低声音可以表达为lower the voice.
4. Too much time with friends means filling my mind with a lot of useless chatter. That’s enjoyable for a moment, but can dull my concentration on more serious matters.这两句话描写的非常生动,原因有二,其一为细节描写的支撑,比如第一句的filling my mind with a lot of useless chatter中的useless chatter,可以让读者当场就联想到朋友们聊天时那些可有可无没用的闲聊,又是真是让人头疼。其二是用词非常别致生动,体现在第二句的dull,这个词作形容词较多,等于boring,或是迟钝的,这里面用了它的动词形式,我们可以猜想意思是使…无聊或是变迟钝的意思,由于后面出现concentrate一词,那肯定是变迟钝的意思,这里面把形容词动词化,此处搭配又非常精妙绝伦,让人想到一句古诗:“春风又绿江南岸。”这里面的绿也是形容词动词化。
5. It’s easy sometimes to become self-conscious or worried about what other people think of me. 这里面又是It作形式主语,原型是To become self-conscious or worried about what other people think of me is easy sometimes.由于主语过于长,所以放在后面,前面用形式主语It代替。
6. When I’m alone I have time to distance myself from these concerns and to see the real value of things, without being influenced by the opinions of my friends.这里的distance通常作为名词,距离的意思,但是这里面用了它的动词形式,意为保持距离。好处是画面感极强,让读者瞬间联想到作者本人与那些无聊的concern保持了很长的距离,置身于世外的感觉。值得一提的是逗号后面without being influenced by the opinions of my friends.这句话是without结构引出的现在分词做伴随状语,这里体现作者句型结构变幻多端,没有单调地使用简单句的并列形式。
二、逻辑结构
本文逻辑结构架框非常清晰明了,作文题目是个选择prefer这样的方式,作者在第一段就开门见山的阐明自己更加喜欢一个人独处,紧接着后文就给出了泛泛的原因,即recharge the mind, 这种选择的倾向性是很明显的,但是作者为了保持论证的客观性,尽量在句子之间插入一些小让步,比如先承认和朋友在一起的好处,以下段落也亦如此。第二段作者给出了更加详细的解释,解释那个recharge the mind,这也是读者所期待的,即作者在独处时能做些更有意义的事情,比如思考人生目标或理清思路。第三段作者写出了独处时的第二个好处,就是放松身心,尽情relax和listen to silence, 当然这一段也出现了小让步,即和朋友在一起确实是enjoyable的。最后一段作者没有继续阐述自己独处的优点,反过来用和朋友在一起的缺点来支持文章的main idea,作者提出Being with other people can also distort my own view of things,这样的写法好处是不用绞尽脑汁继续挖掘A的好处,可以发过来写B的坏处来衬托A的好处。这样的结构比那种全文罗列某一方的优点的写法形式上不仅新颖,在内容上也更有说服力。
独立写作185题库是ETS公布的托福考试经典官方作文题库,收录在托福考试官方指南(Official Guide)的附录中,在托福考试改革之前,是作文真题的主要来源。现在的托福考试对官方作文题目进行了扩大,但是185题库仍然和考试作文真题紧密相连,为考生提供最权威最真实的托福范文参考和写作练习。SmartStudy的教学专家对185题库的逐题讲解,从考题精读,头脑风暴,范文展示,甚至是同类题型的归纳等多个方面切入,将平面简短的文题毁灭性地分崩离析,以思路指导清晰其面貌,以生动的观点和事例丰满其个性,提供更完整更立体的试题透视途径,准确击碎写作障碍。
版权声明:本文系网独家稿件,版权为网所有。转载须注明来源及作者,否则必将追究法律责任。
微信扫描下方二维码,第一时间知晓托福考试真题预测及解析,还有北美留学最新动态喔~(微信号:toefl120)!