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When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country. Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which one do you prefer? Support your answer with specific details.
Many people don’t have time for language classes. Their first priority is getting a job and supporting themselves. Sometimes they work with people from their own country, and they don’t have to use a new language. Or they may find a job that doesn’t require much communication with others. This means even if they’re trying to learn another language, they don’t have a lot of exposure or chances to practice.
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详细条目 |
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此段结构 |
本段是一个分总的结构。本段可以分为两个层次,首先第一句话引入背景,人们没有时间学习语言,因为人们来到异国他乡的第一反应就是找个工作赚钱养活自己。之后对其进行了解释,是两方面的原因,其一是有些工作人群是来自同一国家的,不需要学习当地新的语言。其二为有些工作是不需要太多交流的。之后做出总结,即就算人们掌握了新的一门语言,也没有太多机会去练习和应用。 |
此段功能 |
本段是文章首段,引出要讨论内容,帮助作者陈述观点,摆明立场。并且陈述了作者的第一个观点,即通过工作来学习外语。 |
Another way of adapting to a new country has to do with family. Different countries have different ideas about how family members should relate to each other. Sometimes the adults will oppose adapting to a new social environment. This can be a difficult adjustment to make, especially if their children see the differences in the new country and they themselves begin to change.
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本段是一个总分的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨,即适应新的环境与每个人所在家庭的环境息息相关。后面话对主旨进行了简要分析,即大人们很难融入新的生活环境并适应它,但是孩子很容易接受新的环境,而这样的情况就会比较尴尬。 |
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本段是文章的第二段,写了支持作者立场的第二个分论点。 |
I believe that people who want to make their home in a new country need to find a balance between their habits and their new environments. They should try their best to keep the best of their native culture and adopt the good things from their new country.
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此段结构 |
本段第一句话对上文进行了承接,第二句话告诉我们人们应该尽力的融入当地文化,并学习一些精华。对整个文章进行主旨重申和升华。 |
此段功能 |
本段是文章的尾段,承接上文,重申论点。 |
满分要素剖析
一、语言表达
1. Their first priority is getting a job and supporting themselves. 这句话看似简单,但是大部分考生是很难写出如此精辟的句子的。亮点为Their first priority…意为优先权是,或是他们第一件事会做的是。这里大部分同学会经常出现的替换表达为The first thing they will do is…或是 Their first choice is… 这些用法也是不错的,但是相比于本文的用法在选词难度上稍有逊色,另外,美国人是很喜欢使用priority这个词的,因为在他们的眼中,做任何事都有“优先权”。本句话在句子结构上很好理解,主系表,并列表语两个getting a job and supporting themselves描述的非常贴切生活,因为找工作就是为了养活自己。
2. This means even if they’re trying to learn another language, they don’t have a lot of exposure or chances to practice.这句话主干是主谓宾,其中宾语从句中套用了让步状语从句,较为长。主句主语This,谓语means,之后都为宾语。This为指示代词,在写作中出现提示读者这里和上句有着紧密的联系,在此处,作者指代的是上文Or they may find a job that doesn’t require much communication with others.的这种情况。在让步状语从句中,even if为即便是…,或者意为就算,既有让步的意思又做了假设,近义词为even though,它也是让步的意思,但是没有假设含义。两者的细微差别在even if后面说的话只是一种假设,而even though后面跟的是真实情况。
3. Another way of adapting to a new country has to do with family. Different countries have different ideas about how family members should relate to each other. 这两句话前后紧挨着,用句号隔开,在意思上不是并列就是递进,注意第一句话的谓语has to do与…有关,而第二句话relate to…与…相联系,是同义替换。第二句话的句子结构很有意思,容易迷惑读者的眼睛,之后的宾语different ideas 后面带了一个从句,是由about引出,因此肯定是修饰ideas,也就是定语从句about how family members should relate to each other。
4. This can be a difficult adjustment to make, especially if their children see the differences in the new country and they themselves begin to change.这句话开头又使用了指示代词This,指代上句的一种情况Sometimes the adults will oppose adapting to a new social environment. 这种句子之间的相互指代可以让逻辑变得更加清楚,但是不可随意指代,一般这种指代关系都是相邻的两句话。这句话的亮点在逗号后面especially if…这是一种情况的分类,类似用法especially when…意为特别是当…的情况,这样的用法在扩充句子长度的同时也很有抑扬顿挫的感觉,不生硬,值得借鉴。
5. I believe that people who want to make their home in a new country need to find a balance between their habits and their new environments. 这是结尾的总结话,非常中立,既肯定了题干前者,又给与正态度于后者,所以这句的关键词在于find a balance,这种用法是万金油的用法,如果想表达一种中立态度,即可用find a balance,或是call for a balance。这句话的结构是主谓+宾语从句,而宾语从句又套用了定语从句who want to make their home in a new country,这个定语从句修饰先行词people,定语从句的插入使得整个句子变成长难句。
6. They should try their best to keep the best of their native culture and adopt the good things from their new country.这句话在整段上起到给出建议的作用。大多数文章只是给出结论,而这里在给出结论的同时给出了作者自己的建议,在结构上递进了,内容也更加充实了。
二、逻辑结构
本篇文章逻辑结构较为清晰,采用了正正补的结构来论证,主要从工作和家庭生活两方面论证。第一段作者给出自己观点的倾向,认为入乡随俗有些不必要性,两方面的原因,其一是有些工作人群是来自同一国家的,不需要学习当地新的语言。其二为有些工作是不需要太多交流的。之后做出总结,即就算人们掌握了新的一门语言,也没有太多机会去练习和应用。而第二段讲述的是来自于家庭方面的棘手问题。最后作者给出总结,并给出建议,在有倾向性的同时尽量保持全面地分析问题,即在维持自己国家文化现状的同时也要尽量去适应新环境。
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