为了提高
Students at universities often have a choice of places to live. They may choose to live in university dormitories, or they may choose to live apartments in the community. Compare the advantages of living in university housing with the advantages of living in an apartment in the community. Where would you prefer to live? Give reasons for your preference.
I think it’s better for college students to live on-campus in the beginning of college, while older students like juniors and seniors need the independence of off-campus life. Students’ needs change over four years, so their housing should too.
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此段结构 |
本段是一个分总的结构。前面一句话告诉另了我们两种情况，最后一句话是本文主旨，即学生选择宿舍应该因情况而定。 |
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本段是文章首段，引出要讨论内容，帮助作者陈述观点，摆明立场。 |
Living on-campus makes it easier to get oriented to the college lifestyle and environment. You get the whole university experience. Plus, you interact more with other students. This includes not just classmates or friends, but everyone in your dormitory. Keeping up with studies is hard enough, so other students are there to help you. You shouldn’t have to worry about finding your way around and figuring out the university bureaucracy. Living in the dormitory also makes a student feel more a part of the university community. There are more opportunities for becoming involved in university activities, alumni networks and university asdministrations.
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本段是一个总分的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨，住在学校帮助我们适应生活和环境。后面第二句话对主旨进行了补充，即也帮我们交了很多朋友。后面分两个部分，对以上的两小点进行分析阐述。 |
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本段是文章的第二段，也就是正文第一段，写了支持作者立场的第一个分论点。 |
Living off-campus, however, is a big advantage for older and more established students. Finding an apartment, dealing with leases, deposits, regulations as well as cooking and cleaning, and figuring out budgets are all good practice for life after graduation. This kind of independence helps older students grow in adulthood. Off-campus housing also gives students a better perspective on what’s going on around them. On campus, there are few older people and everyone is focused on education. Living off campus is a good way to transition from an academic lifestyle into the lifestyle of a young adult and a professional.
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本段是一个总分总的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨，不住在学校也有很多好处，尤其对于一些高年级学生。后面对主旨进行了简要分析。最后一句话重申论点。 |
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本段是文章的第三段，也就是正文第二段，写了支持作者立场的第二个分论点。 |
I think a combination of two years on-campus and two years off-campus is the best solution for most students.
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本段是一个对全文进行了总结，只有一句话，就是承接上文和重申论点。 |
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本段是文章的尾段，承接上文，重申论点。 |
满分要素剖析
一. 语言表达
本文一开始就对题目进行了分类，说明在不同的客观条件下，处理的方式应该不同。显得条理清晰，一目了然。在接下来的段落中又进行了详细的说明，分析角度全面，井然有序，逻辑性强，一气呵成。
1. I think it’s better for college students to live on-campus in the beginning of college, while older students like juniors and seniors need the independence of off-campus life. 此句中while做并列连词用，意思为而，然而， 表示对比，说明了前后句是并列的关系，语言自然过渡流畅。如果用but的话则表示转折。
2. Living on-campus makes it easier to get oriented to the college lifestyle and environment.此句并不是make sb do sth 结构，句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to get oriented to the college lifestyle and environment。类似的句型有：It is more easier for the students to get accustomed to the college lifestyle and environment if they choose to live on the campus.
3. Living off campus is a good way to transition from an academic lifestyle into the lifestyle of a young adult and a professional. 此句中doing sth is a good way to do sth else以及transition form sth into sth else 是固定的结构。作者使用了academic lifestyle 和 lifestyle of a young adult and a professional 来避免句式上的重复。此句的类似句型有 If you want to get a smooth trasaction from students to young adults, you have better choose to live off the campus.
4. Finding an apartment, dealing with leases, deposits, regulations as well as cooking and cleaning, and figuring out budgets are all good practice for life after graduation. 作者大量使用了排比，使得文章整齐而有气势，分析角度全面周到，不会使人感到单调。
5. I think a combination of two years on-campus and two years off-campus is the best solution for most students. 此句中 combination of A and B 是固定结构。作为文章的最后一段以及最后一句话，语言简洁精炼，高度概括了全文，使得整篇文章完整有序。
二. 逻辑结构
文章采用中立的观点，这在实际的考场文章上比较少见。一正一反两个段落分别分情况讨论了给定的论题，告诉了我们应该因情况选择，并且灵活处理。这种中立的观点一定要拿捏的比较清楚，否则会让考官觉得我们的立场不明确。每一个段落内都是总分结构，非常中规中矩，而且举了一些生活中的例子，使得论证逻辑严谨，内容丰富。
独立写作185题库是ETS公布的托福考试经典官方作文题库，收录在托福考试官方指南(Official Guide)的附录中，在托福考试改革之前，是作文真题的主要来源。现在的托福考试对官方作文题目进行了扩大，但是185题库仍然和考试作文真题紧密相连，为考生提供最权威最真实的托福范文参考和写作练习。SmartStudy的教学专家对185题库的逐题讲解，从考题精读，头脑风暴，范文展示，甚至是同类题型的归纳等多个方面切入，将平面简短的文题毁灭性地分崩离析，以思路指导清晰其面貌，以生动的观点和事例丰满其个性，提供更完整更立体的试题透视途径，准确击碎写作障碍。
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