为了提高
People learn in different ways. Some people learn by doing things; other people learn by reading about things; others learn by listening to people talk about things. Which of these methods of learning is best for you? Use specific examples to support your choice.
Different people and different activities require different methods of learning. Learning by doing, learning by reading, and learning by listening all have the same goal to transfer knowledge, but the information is transferred in very different ways. Each has its own benefits. In my opinion, learning by doing is the method for me to learn.
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本段是一个分总的结构。最后一句话是主旨,即不同的人的学习方法是不一样的,之后对其进行了解释,即不管是什么样的学习方式最终都能达到相同的目标。但是最后作者提出了自己的倾向性,即作者更喜欢用通过实践做事的方法来学习。 |
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本段是文章首段,引出要讨论内容,帮助作者陈述观点,摆明立场。 |
Learning by doing works because it gives learners first-hand experience. Other methods are more passive; listening or reading don’t have the same effect that actively doing something does. Learning by doing means actually participating in the activity. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. To be honest, I can’t think of a way that better ensures one has truly learned than by seeing and doing.
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本段是一个总分的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨即从实践中学习可以给学习者经验。后面将其他方法与之对比,突出了用一手经历自学的好处。 |
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本段是文章的第二段,也就是正文第一段,写了支持作者立场的第一个分论点。 |
In contrast, learning by reading often requires extra reading of background information, such as looking up unfamiliar words. Also, you might not be a good reader, or you might be learning in a different language. If so, you might not concentrate, might find it boring or you might become frustrated by the slow pace. So while reading is fun and useful for many people, for others it may not be the best way.
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本段是一个总分的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨,即提出通过阅读来学习的局限性,因为有些阅读需要背景知识,之后提出了一系列的弊端,由于对一些单词的不熟悉而无法专注阅读从而发觉阅读很是枯燥乏味而达不到预想的效果。之后总结,虽然对于大多数来说阅读学习法是个不错的方法,但是并不是最好的选择。 |
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本段是文章的第三段,也就是正文第二段,写了支持作者立场的第二个分论点。 |
Learning by listening can be enjoyable and easy. Lively debate is interesting, and interesting things are usually easier to learn about. However, as with reading, it is all too easy to become a passive listener and not truly learn anything. As the saying goes, “in one ear, out the other!” If you get bored, you might even fall asleep while you’re listening! Being an active participant keeps you alert and on top of the information. Overall, when it comes to learning, active participation is the key to stimulating and engaging acquisition of knowledge.
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本段是一个总分总的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨,通过听来学习非常的享受和简单。后面主旨进行了简要分析。用一个however引出了依靠听学习和依靠读学习的对比。最后用一个overall收束了全文,重申主论点。 |
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本段是一个总分总的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨,通过听来学习非常的享受和简单。后面主旨进行了简要分析。用一个however引出了依靠听学习和依靠读学习的对比。最后用一个overall收束了全文,重申主论点。 |
满分要素剖析
一、语言表达
1. Different people and different activities require different methods of learning.这样简练的一句话成为引出下文的精髓,作者首先客观地阐明了不同人有不同的生活方式,然后再引出自己主观倾向。在语言表达上,这句话的亮点在于对主语的补充,不单单是different people,作者同时还想到不同的学习场景,所以在主语上加上了different activities。比如有时我们需要自学,有时需要被引领着学习,作者在这里已经全面的考虑到了不同人与不同情况的学习方式不同这一现象。
2. Learning by doing, learning by reading, and learning by listening all have the same goal to transfer knowledge, but the information is transferred in very different ways.这里是一大亮点是动名词短语作为主语的并列使用,虽然有些长但是结构形式对应地很工整。之后的transfer 意为传递交换,而对知识knowledge 的一种交换方式就是把信息汲取到大脑里,这里的对用词的写法非常生动,因为transfer是一个有方向的单词,是指把某物从一头传递到另一端,不仅准确地表达了作者的意思,还给读者一种知识传递的方向感。如果用替换说法为gain knowledge也是不错的,但是少了方向上的感觉。
3. Learning by doing works because it gives learners first-hand experience. 这句话很多同学误以为是个病句,其实不然,正确地读懂句子结构才能更好的理解和应用。主句在前面,是个主谓结构,主语为Learning by doing,而谓语是works,是个不及物动词,意为起作用,而不是工作的意思。之后是个原因状语从句。
4. To be honest, I can’t think of a way that better ensures one has truly learned than by seeing and doing.定语从句that better ensures one has truly learned than by seeing and doing.引导词that在定语从句中作主语。
5. If so, you might not concentrate, might find it boring or you might become frustrated by the slow pace. 这句话的亮点在于谓语的并列使用,其中程度在逐渐加深,首先是无法集中注意力,然后会发现阅读非常枯燥,之后会变得很有挫败感,这样的表达完全可以让读者身临其境地感觉到如果阅读时生词太多那么三个步骤就在逐步逼近。以上只是意思上的别样之处,还有写法的,首先作者只用了动词concentrate,之后为宾补boring,之后用了系表结构,表语frustrated,三种不同简单句放在一个句子中使用,让人不觉得枯燥,这种写法值得借鉴。
6. So while reading is fun and useful for many people, for others it may not be the best way.这句话的while作为转折的用法,翻译为即使,即便,相当于even though/even if. 而文中多次用到连词while,但用法上很有差别。比如下文中提到的If you get bored, you might even fall asleep while you’re listening! 这里的while在意思上是当……时,相当于when,但是与when的用法有所区别,while只能用于延续动作,而when则没有限制,如下文Overall, when it comes to learning, active participation is the key to stimulating and engaging acquisition of knowledge.这句话when不可以用while代替。
二、逻辑结构
本文逻辑结构非常明晰,使用了正正正的大正论述结构。第一段作者客观地说明了不同人有着不同的学习方式,最后作者提出自己的倾向性,即观点,认为通过实践的学习方式是最好的方法。之后的正文第一段明确地提出了实践doing的优势,积累经验加深印象。正文第二段谈及reading的不足之处来反面衬托doing的优势,接下来一段谈及listening的不足之处,之后总结还是实践出真知啊。
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