GMAT ARGUMENT写作题纲解读第五部分!本文小编将为大家带来几篇典型的关于GMAT ARGUMENT写作提纲的解读，希望能够帮助大家更好的备考GMAT Argument.下面我们来一起看一下以下提纲解读。
31. The following appeared as part of the business plan of an investment and financial consulting firm.
“Studies suggest that an average coffee drinker’s consumption of coffee increases with age, from age 10 through age 60. Even after age 60, coffee consumption remains high. The average cola drinker’s consumption of cola, however, declines with increasing age. Both of these trends have remained stable for the past 40 years. Given that the number of older adults will significantly increase as the population ages over the next 20 years, it follows that the demand for coffee will increase and the demand for cola will decrease during this period. We should, therefore, consider transferring our investments from Cola Loca to Early Bird Coffee.”
一家投资财经咨询公司的商务计划：
研究显示一个普通咖啡消费者的咖啡消耗从10到60岁随年龄增长，甚至在60岁以后，咖啡消费仍然保持很高。而一般的可乐消费者的可乐消费随年龄增加递减。在过去40年中这两个趋势都很稳定。由于在未来的20年内老年人口将显著增加，咖啡需求回增长而可乐需求会降低。因此，我们应该考虑将我们的投资从可口可乐转向雀巢咖啡。
1.all the things are equal 作者在得出这个推荐之前做了一个假设就是在未来的二十年中咖啡豆以及可乐的原料的相对价格不变.但这在这么长的一段时期是不可能的.很可能它们其中一种的原料相对于另外一种大幅度上升.由于相对成本的变化从而改变了相对价格也就改变了消费者的消费倾向.那么作者的建议就是完全靠不住的.
2.除了年龄因素很多其他的因素也会影响两种饮料的消费量例如某一代人可能在每个年龄段都比另一代人消费更多的可乐.除非作者排除这些其他因素,否则说理是gratuitous的
3.没有足够有力的证据表明该项研究结果就是可信的Finally, the firm unjustifiably relies on the studies that correlate coffee and cola consumption with age. The firm does not provide evidence to confirm the reliability of the studies.Moreover, while the phrase "studies suggest" may appear to lend credibility to these claims, the phrase is vague enough to actually render the claims worthless, in the absence of any information about them.
the author can not justify his recommendation ill-founded 无正当理由的
32. The following appeared in the editorial section of a West Cambria newspaper.
“A recent review of the West Cambria volunteer ambulance service revealed a longer average response time to accidents than was reported by a commercial ambulance squad located in East Cambria. In order to provide better patient care for accident victims and to raise revenue for our town by collecting service fees for ambulance use, we should disband our volunteer service and hire a commercial ambulance service.”
一份西Cambria报纸的社论片断：
最近的对西Cambria的志愿救护服务的回顾显示出其对事故的平均应对时间比设在东Cambria的一个商业救护班要长。为了给事故受害者提供更好的医护服务并通过收取急救服务费来提高我们镇的税收，我们应当解散志愿救护并雇佣商业救护服务。
1.对事故的反映时间诚然是评价服务质量的一个因素但并不是唯一的因素.所以仅仅因为东区的商业救护班的反映时间短就认定商业救护办的服务更好是gratuitous的.
2.就算东区的商业班的服务质量更好也并不意味着,西区用商业班就会有一样的成效.因为东西区的情况是不同的.很可能西区的志愿者更有服务,献身意识.
3.此外除非商业班收十分昂贵的服务费用或者有十分多的事故事实这些都是不可能的, 改成商业是不见得就可以给该镇增加很多税收的.所以把这一点作为理由是不正确的.
considerable revenue significant significance consequently consequence ... is insufficient evidence for the claim that this will be the case for ... ambulance-crew proficiency training emergency
33.The following is part of a business plan being discussed at a board meeting of the Perks Company.
“It is no longer cost-effective for the Perks Company to continue offering its employees a generous package of benefits and incentives year after year. In periods when national unemployment rates are low, Perks may need to offer such a package in order to attract and keep good employees, but since national unemployment rates are now high, Perks does not need to offer the same benefits and incentives. The money thus saved could be better used to replace the existing plant machinery with more technologically sophisticated equipment, or even to build an additional plant.”
Perks公司董事会上讨论的一个商业计划
Perks公司年复一年地继续给他的员工提供慷慨的利益和激励将不再有助于有效控制成本。当国家的失业率较低时，Perks可能需要用一系列手段吸引和留住好员工，但由于现在国家的失业率较高，Perks不再需要提供同样的利益和激励。剩下的钱可以更好地用于将现有的车间设备更换为技术上更有保证的设备，甚至是建立一个新的车间。
1perks的全国的普遍情况并不一定一致很有可能perks需要的是特殊的工种.而这些工人在现在仍然保持了一个很高的就业率
2虽然减少员工的福利可能会带来一定的成本节约.但是可能会因此而减低士气使得生产率降低反而得不偿失.
3而且该计划是否可以在失业率又降低之前达成仍然是不确定的.因为很可能已经和员工签定了长期合同,现在减低很可能要赔偿大量的违约金.penalty for breach of contract incentive cost-effective merit ill-founded overlook oversee peripheral外围的 This assumption overlooks the peripheral costs of reducing or eliminating benefits. suspend 延缓
34. The following appeared as part of a plan proposed by an executive of the Easy Credit Company to the president.
“The Easy Credit Company would gain an advantage over competing credit card services if we were to donate a portion of the proceeds from the use of our cards to a well-known environmental organization in exchange for the use of its symbol or logo on our card. Since a recent poll shows that a large percentage of the public is concerned about environmental issues, this policy would attract new customers, increase use among existing customers, and enable us to charge interest rates that are higher than the lowest ones available.”
Easy信贷公司的一个经营主管向董事长提交的一份计划：
如果我们将信用卡所得的利润中的一部分捐给一个知名的环保组织换取在我们的信用卡上使用他们的标识的权利，Easy信贷公司将在信用卡服务的竞争中得到很大好处。由于最近的民调显示，很多人都关心环境问题，这一计划将吸引新顾客，提高现有顾客的使用量，并使我们得到比最低利润率要高的利润率。
1环保组织所提供的标识所关心的方面和民众所关心的方面可能不一致
2关心环保问题不意味着他们就一定会采取一些具体的措施象是在这个例子里面购买这个公司的产品
The author assumes that the public's concern about environmental issues will result in its taking steps to do something about the problem-in this case, to use the Easy Credit Company credit card.
3权衡了额外付出的成本和收益之后并不一定值得这么做.
35. The following appeared as part of a recommendation from the financial planning office to the administration of Fern Valley University.
“In the past few years, Fern Valley University has suffered from a decline in both enrollments and admissions applications. The reason can be discovered from our students, who most often cite poor teaching and inadequate library resources as their chief sources of dissatisfaction with Fern Valley. Therefore, in order to increase the number of students attending our university, and hence to regain our position as the most prestigious university in the greater Fern Valley metropolitan area, it is necessary to initiate a fund-raising campaign among the alumni that will enable us to expand the range of subjects we teach and to increase the size of our library facilities.”
财政计划办公室给Fem Valley大学的建议书：
在过去的几年里，Fem Valley大学经受了入学人数和入学申请的双重下降。原因可以从我们的学生那里找到，他们经常将低劣的教学和不适当的图书馆资源作为他们对学校的主要不满之处。因此，为了提高想加入我们学校的学生数，从而重新获得我们在大Fem Valley地区的最有声望的大学的地位，在校友中发动一个基金募集计划使我们能扩展教学科目改善图书馆的设备是十分必要的。
1增加教学科目和图书馆的型号并不一定就能使学生变得满意因为他们可能并不是对教学和图书馆的这两个方面感到不满
2入学人数和入学申请的下降可能是因为整个外部环境导致的而不是学校自己的问题
3没有提供学生对教学质量和图书馆不满意的具体证据.
4调查的本身就值得怀疑.
ability attract customer merit alleviate inadequate unfavorable economical conditions hearsay rumour scant anecdotal evidence
36. The following appeared in an article in a college departmental newsletter
“Professor Taylor of Jones University is promoting a model of foreign language instruction in which students receive ten weeks of intensive training, then go abroad to live with families for ten weeks. The superiority of the model, Professor Taylor contends, is proved by the results of a study in which foreign language tests given to students at 25 other colleges show that first-year foreign language students at Jones speak more fluently after only ten to twenty weeks in the program than do nine out of ten foreign language majors elsewhere at the time of their graduation.”
大学某系的实事通讯：
Jones大学的Taylor教授在推进一个外语教育计划，该计划中学生先接受10周的高强度培训再去外国和当地家庭住10周。Taylor教授认为这一个计划的好处体现在一项给其他25所大学的学生的外语测试中。该测试显示Jones的第一年外语学生在仅参加了10周或者20周的项目活动后，比90%的其他地方的外语专业学生毕业时说口语都说的更流利。
This newsletter article claims that Professor Taylor’s foreign-language program at Jones University is a model of foreign language instruction. This conclusion is based on a study in which foreign language tests were given to students at 25 other universities. The study shows that first-year language students at Jones speak more fluently after just 10 to 20 weeks in the program than do 90 percent of foreign-language majors at other colleges at graduation. Despite these impressive statistics, I am unconvinced by this argument for two reasons.
1测试如何进行没有明确的给出。是全面调查还是抽样调查spot check。如果是抽样调查很可能所选的代表过少而不能代表真实情况例如刚好被选中的实验组的学生都是top students。而且可能由于是jones的教授出题使得他的学生对题目更熟悉。
2其他方面的因素也没有被考虑并排除，例如该大学可能是很有名prestigious的大学所以它的学生本来就比其他学校好。
37. The following appeared as part of an article in the business section of a local newspaper.
“Motorcycle X has been manufactured in the United States for over 70 years. Although one foreign company has copied the motorcycle and is selling it for less, the company has failed to attract motorcycle X customers—some say because its product lacks the exceptionally loud noise made by motorcycle X. But there must be some other explanation. After all, foreign cars tend to be quieter than similar American-made cars, but they sell at least as well. Also, television advertisements for motorcycle X highlight its durability and sleek lines, not its noisiness, and the ads typically have voice-overs or rock music rather than engine-roar on the sound track.”
摩托车X在美国生产超过70年了。虽然一个外国公司复制了这种摩托并低价推出，该公司却不能吸引X的顾客，有人说这是因为他的产品没有X特有的大噪声。但应该还有其他解释。说到底，外国车比类似的美国产车更安静，但他们都买的至少一样好。同样的，X的电视广告强调它的持久性和圆滑的线条，而非它的噪音，而且广告商在音轨上使用的是画外音和摇滚乐而非引擎叫声。
1错误类比。
2很可能是因为卖的时间已经太久了，噪音大的特性已经被强调过了才不被广告商重视。
要写一下。
38. The following appeared in the editorial section of a campus newspaper.
“Because occupancy rates for campus housing fell during the last academic year, so did housing revenues. To solve the problem, campus housing officials should reduce the number of available housing units, thereby increasing the occupancy rates. Also, to keep students from choosing to live off-campus, housing officials should lower the rents, thereby increasing demand.”
1入住率低可能是因为学生人数减少等原因造成的
2同时减少供给和降低房费可能会抵消入住率提高而带来的收入提高效应而有余
3就算不会完全抵消仍然有其他原因影响收入例如说学生进入后的维修等等。
boosting rental maintenance oppressive seriousness trivialize
39. The following appeared in an Avia Airlines departmental memorandum.
“On average, 9 out of every 1,000 passengers who traveled on Avia Airlines last year filed a complaint about our baggage-handling procedures. This means that although some 1 percent of our passengers were unhappy with those procedures, the overwhelming majority were quite satisfied with them; thus it would appear that a review of the procedures is not important to our goal of maintaining or increasing the number of Avia’s passengers.”
1去年是这样今年呢以后呢?
2很有可能是乘客对服务不满意却没时间正式申诉
3和别的航空公司比较如何seriousness trivialize
40. The following appeared as part of an article in a weekly newsmagazine.
“The country of Sacchar can best solve its current trade deficit problem by lowering the price of sugar, its primary export. Such an action would make Sacchar better able to compete for markets with other sugar-exporting countries. The sale of Sacchar’s sugar abroad would increase, and this increase would substantially reduce Sacchar’s trade deficit.”
1比起价格下降而带来的损失产量提高的影响是不是更大不是定数Increasing sales by lowering the price of sugar will not yeild an increase in income unless the increase in sales is sufficient to overcome the loss in income due to the lower price. in the absence of ...
2可能性价比本来就很有竞争力了不需要降价，也可能价格已经很低了没有降低的空间了
3降低进口可能是一个更好的办法A trade-deficit occurs when a country spends more on imports than it earns from exports. However, the author provides no evidence that substantiates this assumption. It is possible that revenues from imports will increase dramatically in the near future; if so, the course of action proposed by the author might be unnecessary to solve Sacchar's trade deficit proplem. To the extent that this is the case...