GMAT ARGUMENT写作题纲解读第十三部分!GMAT考试中写作部分比较考察考生的综合实力，尤其是思路是否清晰。为了帮助大家更好的备考
111. The following appeared in a memorandum from the vice-president of the Dolci Candy Company.
“Given the success of our premium and most expensive line of chocolate candies in a recent taste test and the subsequent increase in sales, we should shift our business focus to producing additional lines of premium candy and discontinuing our lesser-priced, ordinary candies. When the current economic boom ends and consumers can no longer buy major luxury items, such as cars, they will still be able to afford small luxuries, such as expensive candies.”
1Success in the taste test and the subsequent test do not guarantee the profitability of the premium and most expensive chocolate candies until the cost-benefit analysis has been made.
2Even if the premium and most expensive chocolate candies are profitable at the original scale, it is still imprudent to say that the additional line will also bring profit the company.
3The vice president's prediction of the future especially after the economic boom is groundless without any substantive evidence.
112. The following appeared in a memorandum from the business office of the Lovin’ Cupful, a national restaurant chain.
“The Lovin’ Cupful franchises in our northeast region have begun serving customers FasT, a brand new powdered instant tea, in place of brewed tea. From what waiters report, it seems that only 2 percent of the customers have complained about the taste and that customers who want refills typically ask for more ‘tea.’ Apparently, then, about 98 percent of the customers are perfectly happy with the switch, or else they cannot tell powdered instant from brewed tea. Therefore, in order to take advantage of the lower price per pound of FasT, all of our restaurants should begin substituting it for brewed tea.”
1It does not mean that the customers who did not complain about the tea were satisfied with the fast or felt indifference with the replacement.
2Although the customers can not tell the difference between the fast the brewed tea for a while, it does not guarantee the continuity in the future.
3Likewise, the success of one branch of the company does not indicate the applicability in all the other branches.
113. The following appeared in a memorandum from the director of marketing for a pharmaceutical company.
“According to a survey of 5,000 urban residents, the prevalence of stress headaches increases with educational level, so that stress headaches occur most often among people with graduate-school degrees. It is well established that, nationally, higher educational levels usually correspond with higher levels of income. Therefore, in marketing our new pain remedy, Omnilixir, we should send free samples primarily to graduate students and to people with graduate degrees, and we should concentrate on advertising in professional journals rather than in general-interest magazines.”
1The result of the survey is unbelievable until the facts ,such as who held the survey; who responded to the survey, are given.
2Higher income does not guarantee higher purchase of the company's product.
3It can be more costly to publish advertisement on professional journals than on the general-interest magazines, thus making the proposal not practical.
114. The following appeared as part of an editorial in the Waymarsh City newspaper.
“Last year the parents of first graders in our school district expressed satisfaction with the reading skills their children developed but complained strongly about their children’s math skills. To remedy this serious problem and improve our district’s elementary education, everyone in the teacher-training program at Waymarsh University should be required to take more courses in mathematics.”
1The situation of the first graders can not represent the elementary education of the district as a whole.
2Other factors other than the school's education that may contribute to the inadequacy of the first graders' math should be considered and ruled out.It is likely that the one that should be responsible for the complaint are the parents themselves.
3Therefore the suggestion proposed by the authour of the editorial is groundless or at least insufficient.
115. The following is from an editorial that appeared in a River City newspaper.
“The Clio Development Group wants to build a multilevel parking garage on Dock Street in River City, but the plan should not be approved. Most of the buildings on the block would then have to be demolished. Because these buildings were erected decades ago, they have historic significance and must therefore be preserved as economic assets in the effort to revitalize a restored riverfront area. Recall how Lakesburg has benefited from business increases in its historic downtown center. Moreover, there is plenty of vacant land for a parking lot elsewhere in River City.”
116. The following appeared in a corporate planning memorandum for a company that develops amusement parks.
“Because travel from our country to foreign countries has increased dramatically in recent years, our next project should be a World Tour theme park with replicas of famous foreign buildings, rides that have international themes, and refreshment stands serving only foods from the country represented by the nearest ride. The best location would be near our capital city, which has large percentages of international residents and of children under the age of 16. Given the advantages of this site and the growing interest in foreign countries, the World Tour theme park should be as successful as our Space Travel theme park, where attendance has increased tenfold over the past decade.”
1Increasing travel from the country the mentioned company belongs to foreign countries does not necessarily mean there is also a increasing interest in the amusement parks with a world tour theme.
2Therefore, the proposal that the amusement park should be bulit in the capital city is also groundless.
3Even if there is an increasing interest in the parks with a theme of world tour, it is not necessary to go to the extreme such us making the refreshment stands serve only foods from the country represented by the nearest ride.
4What is more, the company's plan is based on a false analogy that the World tour theme park should be as successful as the Space travel theme park.
117. The following appeared in a memorandum from the publisher to the staff of The Clarion, a large metropolitan newspaper.
“During the recent campaign for mayor, a clear majority of city readers who responded to our survey indicated a desire for more news about city government. To increase circulation, and thus our profits, we should therefore consistently devote a greater proportion of space in all editions of The Clarion to coverage of local news.”
1The result of the survey is doubtful. First, it is natural that public will pay more attention to the news about city government during the campaign period. It is very imprudent to choose this time to conduct a survey, thus making the result unrepresentative. Second, there is no detailed information about the survey including who conducted the survey, who responded to the survey, how did they hold the survey.
2Therefore the proposal to devote constant greater proportion of space in all editions of the Clarion to coverage of local news is groundless.
3Even if there is consistent greater interest about local news even after the campaign, it is still too reckless to cover more local news. The response of the readers who prefer reading other kinds of news and some other factors should be considered. Unless the benefit-cost analysis has been given, the proposal should not be put into practice.
118. The following appeared in a memorandum from the assistant manager of Pageturner Books.
“Over the past two years, Pageturner’s profits have decreased by five percent, even though we have added a popular café as well as a music section selling CD’s and tapes. At the same time, we have experienced an increase in the theft of merchandise. We should therefore follow the example of Thoreau Books, which increased its profits after putting copies of its most frequently stolen books on a high shelf behind the payment counter. By doing likewise with copies of the titles that our staff reported stolen last year, we too can increase profitability.”
1Admittedly, the theft of merchandise will decrease the profit to a certain degree, but it is definitely not the only reason. Other factors should be considered and ruled out.
2The proposal commits a fallacy 0f false analogy.
3What was an applicable solution to the theft of merchandise last year is not necessarily practical this year.
119. The following appeared in a letter to the editor of a River City newspaper.
“The Clio Development Group’s plan for a multilevel parking garage on Dock Street should be approved in order to strengthen the economy of the surrounding area. Although most of the buildings on the block would have to be demolished, they are among the oldest in the city and thus of little current economic value. Those who oppose the project should realize that historic preservation cannot be the only consideration: even Athens or Jerusalem will knock down old buildings to put up new ones that improve the local economy.”
1No evidence is given to support the direct causal relationship between the buliding of mutilevel parking garage on Dock Streets with the development of the economy of the surrounding area.
2Admittedly, the historic preservation can not be the only consideration when decide whether to demolish the historic buildings or not. It is also reckless to ignore the historic preservation. A decision should be made after balancing all the factors.
3The fact cited by the writter of the letter that even Athens or Jerusalem will knock down old buildings to put up news one can not serve as a evidence to approve the demolishment of the old buildings on the Dock street.
120. The following appeared in a memorandum from the owner of Carlo’s Clothing to the staff.
“Since Disc Depot, the music store on the next block, began a new radio advertising campaign last year, its business has grown dramatically, as evidenced by the large increase in foot traffic into the store. While the Disc Depot’s owners have apparently become wealthy enough to retire, profits at Carlo’s Clothing have remained stagnant for the past three years. In order to boost our sales and profits, we should therefore switch from newspaper advertising to frequent radio advertisements like those for Disc Depot.”
1The foot trafic into the store and the increase of owners' personal wealth can not indicate the business growth of the Disc Depot.
2The author commits a fallacy of all things are equal.
3The author commits a fallacy of false analogy.
4Other factors other than the radio advertisement that may contribute to the business growth of Disc depot should be considered and ruled out. Likewise, it is possible that there are some other reasons can explain the stagnant profit of carlo's clothing.