GMAT ARGUMENT写作题纲解读第十二部分!对于
100. The following appeared as part of an article in a trade magazine for breweries.
“Magic Hat Brewery recently released the results of a survey of visitors to its tasting room last year. Magic Hat reports that the majority of visitors asked to taste its low-calorie beers. To boost sales, other small breweries should brew low-calorie beers as well.”
1survey is doubtful.
2insufficient sample
3all things are equal
4gratuitous assumption要尝的那种不一定就想买的那种
101. The following appeared in an editorial from a newspaper serving the town of Saluda.
“The Saluda Consolidated High School offers over 200 different courses from which its students can choose. A much smaller private school down the street offers a basic curriculum of only 80 different courses, but it consistently sends a higher proportion of its graduating seniors on to college than Consolidated does. By eliminating at least half of the courses offered there and focusing on a basic curriculum, we could improve student performance at Consolidated and also save many tax dollars.”
1causal oversimplification
2false analogy
3It is likely that the smaller private school is incapable of offering more courses, or else its students can have better performance.
102. The following appeared as part of a business plan by the Capital Idea Investment firm.
“Currently more and more books are becoming available in electronic form — either free of charge on the Internet or for a very low price per book on CD-ROM.* People who would not pay bookstore prices will now have access to whatever book they want from their home or work computers. Consequently, literary classics are likely to be read more widely than ever before: 72 percent of those responding to a recent online survey said they would read books in electronic form, and 81 percent said they believed that reading classic works was important. Given this newly developing market, we should invest in E-Classics, a new company that sells electronic versions of literary classics.”
*A CD-ROM is a small portable disc capable of storing relatively large amounts of data that can be read by a computer.
1More accesses to cheaper books do not necessarily guarantee the desire to read classics.
2the survey is doubtful
3It is hard to make profit when there are so many E-books available on the net.
103. The following appeared as an editorial in a magazine concerned with educational issues.
“In our country, the real earnings of men who have only a high-school degree have decreased significantly over the past fifteen years, but those of male college graduates have remained about the same. Therefore, the key to improving the earnings of the next generation of workers is to send all students to college. Our country’s most important educational goal, then, should be to establish enough colleges and universities to accommodate all high school graduates.”
1all things are equal
2Other factors that may contribute to the increase of citizen’s earnings should be considered.
3The author overlooks the situation of women.
4大学生多了竞争也多了，还会赚那么多钱吗?
104. The following appeared as part of a business plan created by the management of the Take Heart Fitness Center.
“After opening the new swimming pool early last summer, Take Heart saw a 12 percent increase in the use of the center by members. Therefore, in order to increase the number of our members and thus our revenues, which depend on membership fees, we should continue to add new recreational facilities in subsequent years: for example, a multipurpose game room, a tennis court, and a miniature golf course. Being the only center in the area offering this range of activities would give us a competitive advantage in the health and recreation market.”
1causal oversimplification
2a benefit-cost analysis should be given
3Whether the proposed recreational facilities are popular among the people of this area is unknown.
105. The following appeared in a letter from a staff member in the office of admissions at Argent University.
“The most recent nationwide surveys show that undergraduates choose their major field primarily based on their perception of job prospects in that field. At our university, economics is now the most popular major, so students must perceive this field as having the best job prospects. Therefore, we can increase our enrollment if we focus our advertising and recruiting on publicizing the accomplishments of our best-known economics professors and the success of our economics graduates in finding employment.”
1The survey is doubtful.
2The current students can not represent the prospective students.
3all things are equal
4Therefore, the proposal is groundless. Other things should be done to increase the enrollment.
106. The following appeared as part of a memorandum from the loan department of the Frostbite National Bank.
“We should not approve the business loan application of the local group that wants to open a franchise outlet for the Kool Kone chain of ice cream parlors. Frostbite is known for its cold winters, and cold weather can mean slow ice cream sales. For example, even though Frostbite is a town of 10,000 people, it has only one ice cream spot — the Frigid Cow. Despite the lack of competition, the Frigid Cow’s net revenues fell by 10 percent last winter.”
1Other factors in deciding whether to give loan to a company such as the credit of the company should be considered.
2Admittedly, the former and prospective performance of the company is also important when the bank have to make decision of whether or not should it give loan to a company. However, the author of the memorandum show no sufficient evidence to support his or her proposal that the bank should not give loan to Kool Kone chain of ice cream parlors.
3The statistics last year does not necessarily denote the future trend.
107. The following appeared as part of a letter to the editor of a local newspaper.
“Bayview High School is considering whether to require all of its students to wear uniforms while at school. Students attending Acorn Valley Academy, a private school in town, earn higher grades on average than Bayview students and are more likely to go on to college. Moreover, Acorn Valley reports few instances of tardiness, absenteeism, or discipline problems. Since Acorn Valley requires its students to wear uniforms, Bayview High School would do well to follow suit and require its students to wear uniforms as well.”
1Other factors that may also contribute to the better performance of the students from Acorn Valley Academy should be considered and ruled out.
2The comparison between the performance of the former students of Acorn Valley Academy when they did not have to wear uniforms and that of the current students or the comparison between the performance of Acorn Valley Academy and that of its comparable counterpart should be given to support the author's assertion.
3Even if the wearing of uniforms is the most important reason explains the good performance of students from Acorn Valley Academy, the author's proposal is still open to doubt. The two schools are not similar. What is applicable in one school is probably to have bad effects in the other.
108. The following appeared in a memo to the Saluda town council from the town’s business manager.
“Research indicates that those who exercise regularly are hospitalized less than half as often as those who don’t exercise. By providing a well-equipped gym for Saluda’s municipal employees, we should be able to reduce the cost of our group health insurance coverage by approximately 50% and thereby achieve a balanced town budget.”
1.There is no causal relationship between the development of the employees' health and the provision of a well-equipped gym.
2.Therefore, the reduction of the cost of group health insurance coverage expected by the author is not guaranteed.
3.Even if the provision of the gym can cause a reduction of the cost, no one can rely on it to achieve a balanced town budget since the health incidents occur very randomly.
113. The following appeared in a memorandum written by the assistant manager of a store that sells gourmet food items from various countries.
“An interesting discovery was made last month at a local wine store: the store sold more French than Italian wine on days when recordings of French accordion music were played, but more Italian wine was sold on days when Italian songs were played. Therefore, I recommend that we put food specialties from one particular country on sale for a week at a time and play only music from that country while the sale is going on. By this means we will increase our profits in the same way that the wine store did, and we will be able to predict more precisely what items we should stock at any given time.”
1作者只说了放哪个国家的音乐哪个国家的酒卖的就好但是没有指明利润是否有所上升。很可能别的酒的销量降低抵消了那种酒的销量上升带来的利润增加
2酒店的成功经验用在食品店不一定可行
3就算可能会提高收益。但是还要考虑成本方面的问题才能最后确定利润是否会上升也就是最后确定该方案是否可行。
110. The following appeared in a memorandum from the director of research and development at Ready-to-Ware, a software engineering firm.
“The package of benefits and incentives that Ready-to-Ware offers to professional staff is too costly. Our quarterly profits have declined since the package was introduced two years ago, at the time of our incorporation. Moreover, the package had little positive effect, as we have had only marginal success in recruiting and training high-quality professional staff. To become more profitable again, Ready-to-Ware should, therefore, offer the reduced benefits package that was in place two years ago and use the savings to fund our current research and development initiatives.”
1The causal relationship between the benefit package given to the professional staff and the decline of the profit is not guaranteed by the coincidence that the latter occured just after the latter. Other factors that may contribute to the decline in the profit should also be considered and ruled out.
2Research and development is a time-consuming process. Two years is not a long enough period to see the result and positive effects.
3Even if the package is really too high and caused the declne of profit, it is still imprudent to say that the reduced benefits package that was in place two years ago will definitely work.