2017年2月25日雅思阅读预测【大范围】

　　雅思考前预测对考生备考雅思是有一定的帮助的，为了满足大家对2017年2月25日雅思阅读预测【大范围】，一起来了解一下这部分阅读题目吧。

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　　2017年2月25日雅思阅读预测【大范围】重点阅读题目如下：

　　1、南极洲

　　2、加州森林防火

　　3、人口密度与拥挤

　　4、珊瑚礁

　　5、竹子

　　6、水过滤

　　7、医学科普

　　8、神经科学家解密创新思考

　　9、公司革新

　　10、塔斯马尼亚虎

　　11、汽车发展史

　　12、化石数据库

　　13、鳄鱼的进化

　　14、远程工作

　　15、明星员工

　　为了方便大家进行备考，小编为大家带来了以上阅读题目中的一篇，大家可以进行雅思阅读的练习，一起来详细的了解一下这篇文章：

　　A neuroscientist reveals

　　how to think differently

　　In the last decade a revolution has occurred in the way that scientists think about the brain. We now know that the decisions humans make can be traced to the firing patterns of neurons in specific part of the brain. These discoveries have led to the field know as neuroeconomics, which studies the brain’s secrets to success in an economic environment that demands innovation and being able to do things differently from competitors. A brain that can do this is an iconoclastic one. Briefly, an iconoclast is a person who does something that others say can’t be done.

　　This definition implies that iconoclasts are different from other people, but more precisely, it is their brains that are different in three distinct ways: perception, fear response, and social intelligence. Each of these three functions utilizes a different circuit in the brain. Naysayers might suggest that the brain is irrelevant, that thinking in an original, even revolutionary, way is more a matter of personality than brain function. But the field of neuroeconomics was born out of the realization that the physical workings of the brain place limitations on the way we make decisions. By understanding these constraints, we begin to understand why some people march to a different drumbeat.

　　The first thing to realize is that the brain suffers from limited resources. It has a fixed energy budget, about the same as a 40 watt light bulb, so it has evolved to work as efficiently as possible. This is where most people are impeded from being an iconoclast. For example, when confronted with information streaming from the eyes, the brain will interpret this information in the quickest way possible. Thus it will draw on both past experience and any other source of information, such as what other people say, to make sense of what it is seeing. This happens all the time. The brain takes shortcuts that work so well we are hardly ever aware of them. We think our perceptions of the world are real, but they are only biological and electrical rumblings. Perception is not simply a product of what your eyes or ears transmit to your brain. More than the physical reality of photons or sound waves, perception is product of the brain.

　　Perception is central to iconoclasm. Iconoclasts see things differently to other people. Their brains do not fall into efficiency pitfalls as much as the average person’s brain. Iconoclasts, either because they were born that way or through learning, have found ways to work around the perceptual shortcuts that plague most people. Perception is not something that is hardwired into the brain. It is a learned process, which is both a curse and an opportunity for change. The brain faces the fundamental problem of interpreting physical stimuli from the senses. Everything the brain sees, hears, or touches has multiple interpretations. The one that is ultimately chosen is simply the brain’s best theory. In technical terms, these conjectures have their basis in the statistical likelihood of one interpretation over another and are heavily influenced by past experience and, importantly for potential iconoclasts, what other people say.

　　The best way to see things differently to other people is to bombard the brain with things it has never encountered before. Novelty releases the perceptual process from the chains of past experience and forces the brain to make new judgments. Successful iconoclasts have an extraordinary willingness to be exposed to what is fresh and different. Observation of iconoclasts shows that they embrace novelty while mot people avoid things that are different.

　　The problem with novelty, however, is that it tends to trigger the brain’s fear system. Fear is a major impediment to thinking like an iconoclast and stops the average person in his tracks. There are many types of fear, but the two that inhibit iconoclastic thinking and people generally find difficult to deal with are fear of uncertainty and fear of public ridicule. These may seem like trivial phobias. But fear of public speaking, which everyone must do from time to time, afflicts one-thirds of the population. This makes it too common to be considered a mental disorder. It is simply a common variant of human nature, one which iconoclasts do not let inhibit their reactions.

　　Finally, to be successful iconoclasts, individuals must sell their ideas to other people. This is where social intelligence comes in. Social intelligence is the ability to understand and manage people in a business setting. In the last decade there has been an explosion of knowledge about the social brain and how the brain works when groups coordinate decision making. Neuroscience has revealed which brain circuits are responsible for functions like understanding what other people think, empathy, fairness, and social identity. These brain regions play key roles in whether people convince others of their ideas. Perception is important in social cognition too. The perception of someone’s enthusiasm, or reputation, can make or break a deal. Understanding how perception becomes intertwined with social decision making shows why successful iconoclasts are so rare.

　　Iconoclasts create new opportunities in every area from artistic expression to technology to business. They supply creativity and innovation not easily accomplished by committees. Rules aren’t important to them. Iconoclasts face alienation and failure, but can also be a major asset to any organization. It is crucial for success in any field to understand how the iconoclastic mind works.

　　Questions 27-31

　　Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

　　Write the correct letter in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.

　　27 Neuroeconomics is a field of study which seeks to

　　A cause a change in how scientists understand brain chemistry.

　　B understand how good decisions are made in the brain.

　　C understand how the brain is linked to achievement in competitive fields.

　　D trace the specific firing patterns of neurons in different areas of the brain.

　　28 According to the writer, iconoclasts are distinctive because

　　A they create unusual brain circuits.

　　B their brains function differently.

　　C their personalities are distinctive.

　　D they make decisions easily.

　　29 According to the writer, the brain works efficiently because

　　A it uses the eyes quickly.

　　B it interprets data logically.

　　C it generates its own energy.

　　D it relies on previous events.

　　30 The writer says that perception is

　　A a combination of photons and sound waves.

　　B a reliable product of what your senses transmit.

　　C a result of brain processes.

　　D a process we are usually conscious of.

　　31 According to the writer, an iconoclastic thinker

　　A centralizes perceptual thinking in one part of the brain.

　　B avoids cognitive traps.

　　C has a brain that is hardwired for learning.

　　D has more opportunities than the average person.

　　Questions 32-37

　　Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?

　　In boxes 32-37 on your answer sheet, write

　　YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

　　NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

　　NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

　　32 Exposure to different events forces the brain to think differently.

　　33 Iconoclasts are unusually receptive to new experiences.

　　34 Most people are too shy to try different things.

　　35 If you think in an iconoclastic way, you can easily overcome fear.

　　36 When concern about embarrassment matters less, other fears become irrelevant.

　　37 Fear of public speaking is a psychological illness.

　　Questions 38-40

　　Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-E, below.

　　Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet.

　　38 Thinking like a successful iconoclast is demanding because it

　　39 The concept of the social brain is useful to iconoclasts because it

　　40 Iconoclasts are generally an asset because their way of thinking

　　A requires both perceptual and social intelligence skills.

　　B focuses on how groups decide on an action.

　　C works in many fields, both artistic and scientific.

　　D leaves one open to criticism and rejection.

　　E involves understanding how organizations manage people.

　　做完了以上阅读题目，下面一起来了解一下正确的答案及解析吧：

　　Question 27

　　答案： C

　　关键词： Neuroeconomics

　　定位原文：第1段内容

　　解题思路： 题目：神经经济学作为一个研究领域，旨在：A.改变科学家对脑化学的解读;

　　B.了解大脑如何做出正确决定;C.了解在激烈的竞争中大脑与成功的关系;D.追踪大脑不同部分中神经元的具体放电模式。利用定位词可以将此题定位至文章第一段的第三句，然后和四个选项进行比较。句中的success可以对应题中的achievement，competitors可以对应题中的 competitive。句中which弓|导的非限制性定语从句对先行词neuroeconomics起了解释说明的作用。故答案应该选择C。选项D在第一段虽然被提及，但并非是神经经济学研究目的之所在，故排除。选项B根本未被提及，也可以排除。选项A貌似有道理，但实际上是对第一段某些词语的过度解读。

　　Question 28

　　答案： B

　　关键词： iconoclasts, distinctive

　　定位原文：第2段内容

　　解题思路：作者认为传统叛逆者与众不同是因为：A他们的大脑回路与众不同;B他们的大脑功能与众不同;C他们的性格与众不同;D他们能很快做出决定。此题定位点在文章第二段第一句，这句话明确说明传统叛逆者之所以与众不同，主要是因为他们的大脑在三方面与众不同：认知力、恐惧反应力以及社交能力。由此可知选项B正确。A和B相比，过于具体，仅仅将与众不同理解为回路不同，与文中说的三方面不同相悖，故可以排除。选项D的 解释过于简单，可以直接排除。至于选项C中出现的personalities一词则出现在第二段的倒数第四行，此信息已经于本题无关。

　　Question 29

　　答案： D

　　关键词： brain, efficiently

　　定位原文：第3段内容

　　解题思路：题目：作者认为大脑可以高效工作，这是因为：A.大脑迅速利用眼睛;B.大脑对信息的解读逻辑性强;C.大脑产生能量，自给自足;D.大脑依赖过往事件。根据定位词efficiently可以快速将此题定位至文章中第三段第二句，然后根据该段内容对各个选项进行判断。首先可以排除选项A，这一段只是提到面对眼前源源不断输入的信息，大脑会快速解读，而不是说大脑利用眼睛干什么。选项B中提到的逻辑，文中也并未涉及。而选项C说大脑可以自己给自己提供能源，一定是对第二句中It has a fixed energy budget的误读。这样排除掉前三个选项之后，正确答案应该就是选项D。

　　Question 30

　　答案： C

　　关键词： perception

　　定位原文： 第3段和第4段

　　解题思路： 题目：作者认为认知是：A.光子与声波的结合;B.感官信号的可靠产物;C.大脑处理的结果;D.一个我们通常能意识到的过程。这道题目横跨的篇幅比较长，文中对应点在第三段和第四段。首先，在第三段倒数第二行Perception is not simply a product of what your eyes or ears transmit to your brain.从这句话就可以知道，选项B是不对的;接着，利用最后一句话More than the physical reality of photons or sound waves, perception is a product of the brain.可以排除选项A，同时引出选项C有可能正确。最后在第四段第四行后半 句中提到Perception is not something that is hardwired into the brain. It is a learned process...正好能够和选项C 中的a result of brain processes 对应。

　　Question 31

　　答案： B

　　关键词： iconoclastic thinker

　　定位原文： 第4段内容

　　解题思路： 题目：作者认为传统叛逆者A.将认知思考集中于大脑一个区域;B.会避开认知陷阱;C.拥有天生就适合学习的大脑;D.会拥有比常人更多机会。此题定位在第四段。该段第二句和第三句提到Iconoclasts see things differently to other people. Their brains do not fall into efficiency pitfalls as much as the average person’s brain. 这句话实际上对应的就是选项B。但是有粗心的话会因为 average person这个词组选择D。选项D不仅不正确，反而可以根据其中不存在的比较关系直接排除。选项A中的central—词，估计是发源于第四段第一句话Perception is central to iconoclasm.应该直接被排除掉。至于选项C中出现的hardwired, 在第四段第四行中Perception is not something that is hardwired into the brain.就已经被否定了。

　　Question 32

　　答案： YES

　　关键词： brain, think differently, exposure, forces

　　定位原文： 第5段第1句“The best way to see…” 要想思维方式与众不同，最佳做法就是往大脑里塞其闻所未闻的东西。

　　解题思路： 这道题目实际上需要利用上一大题来确定其大位置是在第五段，在确定大致位置之后，再用定位词确定该题的确切位置是在第一句。Bombard一词是“轰炸”的意思，此处有强迫大脑接收信息的含义，对应题目中的forces; 以对应题目中的exposure。

　　Question 33

　　答案： YES

　　关键词： Iconoclasts, new experiences, unusually receptive

　　定位原文： 第5段第3句“Successful iconoclasts have…” 成功的传统叛逆者非常乐意接受新鲜事物。

　　解题思路： 文中的have an extraordinary willingness to be exposed to与题目中的are unusually receptive to相对应，what is fresh and different与题目中的new experiences相对应。

　　Question 34

　　答案： NOT GIVEN

　　关键词： shy

　　定位原文： 第6段内容

　　解题思路： 只在第六段中提到阻止人们创新思维的是两种恐惧：对不确定性的恐惧以及对沦为笑柄的担忧，接着上一题的定位句往下找，无法找到题干中所叙述的shy这个概念，而且全文也没有提及。

　　Question 35

　　答案： NO

　　关键词： overcome fear

　　定位原文： 第6段第2句“Fear is a major impediment…” 恐惧是阻止人们像传统叛逆者那样思考的主要障碍，它使普通人在创新思考的道路上踌躇不前。

　　解题思路： 此题出题思路有点绕，对应句的意思是说恐惧阻止了普通人像传统叛逆者那样进行思 考。而且整个第六段都是在讲恐惧，尤其是对公开演讲的恐惧，是如此常见，甚至被认为是人性之一，显然，传统叛逆者也对公开演讲有恐惧，只是他们不会让这种恐惧在公开 演讲时对自己产生阻碍。并不是像本题所叙述那样，传统叛逆者可以克服恐惧。

　　Question 36

　　答案： NOT GIVEN

　　关键词： embarrassment, fears

　　定位原文： 无

　　解题思路： 此题也是一道完全没有提及型的NOT GIVEN题。即便按照顺序原则顺着上一题向下找，但是直到找到第37题的考点，也没有出现 embarrassment一词 。

　　Question 37

　　答案： NO

　　关键词： public speaking, psychological illness

　　定位原文： 第6段第5句“But fear of public speaking,…” 但是，对公开演讲的恐惧则折磨着超过三分之一的人。因为人时不时就要讲一讲，所以这种恐惧太常见了，很难被视作一种精神疾病。

　　解题思路： 这句话明确指出，对于公开演讲的恐惧由于涉及人群广、十分常见，所以很难被视作一种精神疾病。这就和题干的陈述直接冲突。在这里一定要能够理解too...to...“太……以至于不能……”这个结构。

　　Question 38

　　答案： A

　　关键词： successful iconoclast

　　定位原文： 第7段第1句“Finally, to be successful iconoclasts, individuals…”

　　解题思路： 可以看出要成为 successful iconoclasts，social intelligence必不可少。段末最后一句话Understanding how perception becomes intertwined with social decision making shows why successful iconoclasts are so rare.表明如果要成为成功的传统叛逆者，就必须知道认知和社会决策之间千丝万缕的联系。所以总结一下，a successful iconoclast既需要social intelligence，也需要perception。 故此题应选A。

　　Question 39

　　答案： B

　　关键词： social brain

　　定位原文： 第7段第4句“In the last decade there has been…”

　　解题思路： 该句含义为“在过去的十年里，人们对社会型大脑的认知突飞猛进，对这种大脑在团队协作共同决策时所起的作用也了如指掌。”这句话提到的groups coordinate decision making，正好与选项B当中提到的how group decide on an action相对应。故此题应选B。

　　Question 40

　　答案： C

　　关键词： an asset

　　定位原文： 第8段内容

　　解题思路： 第八段整个一段都是对iconoclasts的评价。在第一句中就提到了 iconoclasts是跨领域的人才，纵横艺术、技术、商业领域。正是他们的创造力和革新能力使得他们成为a major asset to any organization。只有选项C中提到in many fields, both artistic and scientific。故此题应选C。

　　希望以上小编为大家分享的2017年2月25日雅思阅读预测【大范围】能够对大家备考雅思考试有帮助。