对于雅思阅读部分的备考,不求题量有多大但是求精,考生不是在雅思阅读部分练习结束就没事了,而是要在每一次的练习结束后通过阅读翻译更好的了解文章的内容,为了便于大家更好的了解文章的内容,小编为大家带来了剑桥雅思阅读翻译4Test4,一起来看。
Question 1
答案:TRUE
关键词:record,1900
定位原文:第1段第1句“Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects, themselves included, through space.”
解题思路:“自从20世纪早期国际田联开始记录成绩以来……”,题干说现代官方运动员记录始于大约1900年。因此答案为TRUE。
Question 2
答案:NOT GIVEN
关键词:before the twen?tieth century
定位原文:第1段第1句“Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects, themselves included, through space.”
解题思路:很明显体感说的与原文说的相反,故答案为FALSE。
Question 3
答案:FALSE
关键词:burst of energy
定位原文:第1段第2-3句“For the so-called power…In the endurance events the results have been more dramatic.”
解题思路:体感说运动员的成绩提高幅度最大的项目是需要爆发力强的项目,而原文说的是在持久项目中,运动成绩提高得更多。故答案为FALSE。
Question 4
答案:FALSE
关键词:genetics
定位原文:第3段第1-2句“Identifying genetically talented individuals is only the first step. Michael Yessis, an emeritus professor of Sports Science at California State University at Fullerton, maintains that 'genetics only determines about one third of what an athlete can do.”
解题思路:题干说的是基因在运动员的表现上起完全充分的作用。而文中说的很明显是只有大概三分之一的决定因素。故正确答案为FALSE。
Question 5
答案:NOT GIVEN
关键词:parents of top athletes
定位原文:无
解题思路:题干中说顶尖运动员的父母通常也是很成功的运动员。而文中并未提到。
Question 6
答案:TRUE
关键词:gifted athletes, younger age
定位原文:第2段第3句“Over the past century, the composition of… be identified early.”
解题思路:题干中说运动不断提升的国际重要性意味着有天分的运动员有可能被发现的更早。定位句中最后也说道因此现在比以往更有可能尽早发现那些独具运动员基因的个体。故正确答案是TRUE。
Question 7
答案:genetics
关键词:American runners
定位原文:第3段第4句“Yessis believes that U.S. runners, despite their impressive achievements, are 'running on their genetics.”
解题思路:根据大写字母American runners定位到原文第3段第4句,可知答案为genetics。
Question 8
答案:power
关键词:former Soviet Union
定位原文:第3段最后一句“These methods include strength training that duplicates what they are doing in their running events as well as plyometrics, a technique pioneered in the former Soviet Union.”
解题思路:据大写字母former Soviet Union定位到原文第3段最后1句,原文的表述是前苏联率先应用plyometrics来训练运动员,结合第4段首句:plyometrics focuses on increasing power,因此答案为power。
Question 9
答案:injuries
关键词:inadequate diet
定位原文:第5段最后1句“Few coaches, for instance, understand how deficiencies in trace minerals can lead to injuries.”
解题思路:根据inadequate diet定位到原文第5段最后l句,该段主要讲营养方面对于运动员得到影响。最后一句明确指出,...deficiency in trace mineral can lead to injuries,因此答案为injuries。
Question 10
答案:training
关键词:key, setting
定位原文:第6段第1句“Focused training will also play a role in enabling records to be broken.”
解题思路:根据题目顺序在原文第6段中找到答案及第2句,即打破记录的关键因素为training。
Question 11
答案:A
关键词:Biomechanics films
定位原文:第7段第2句至第4句“A biomechanic films an athlete…high jumpers.”
解题思路:此题根据专有名词Biomechanics films定位到原文第7段,这一段倒数第2句说到Dapena用这些方法帮助跳髙运动员。故正确答案为A。
Question 12
答案:D
关键词:Biomechanics specialists/Fosbury flop
定位原文:第8段第2句至第4句“For example, during the 1968… own mathematical simulations.”
解题思路: flop迅速定位到原文第8段第2句至第4句,原文的表述是:……生物力学专家后来对他的方法进行了分析,并理解了这一方法。答案为D。
Question 13
答案:B
关键词:John S. Raglin
定位原文:最后1段第2句及第3句“'Once you study athletics, … our understanding in many cases is fundamental.”
解题思路:原文的表述是:印第安纳大学的运动心理学家John S. Raglin说:“核心表现不是更高,更快,更强这一简单或者平凡的事。有很多的变数进人这一方程式,我们对很多案例的理解都是最基本(fundamental)的。我们还有很长的路要走。”因此答案为B。
Question 14
答案:YES
关键词:creativity, investigative work
定位原文:第1段第1句“Archaeology is partly the discovery of the treasures of the past, partly the careful work of the scientific analyst, partly the exercise of the creative imagination.”
解题思路:题目说考古学既包括创新也包括认真的分析调査工作。原文:考古学部分是对过去财富的发现,部分是科学分析的严谨工作,部分是创造性想像的练习,因此答案为TURE。
Question 15
答案:NOT GIVEN
关键词:ancient languages
定位原文:无
解题思路:题目说考古学家必须能够翻译古代语言文本。原文没有提及题目的内容,因此答案为NOT GIVEN。
Question 16
答案:NO
关键词:movies
定位原文:第2段最后一句“However far from reality such portrayals are, they capture the essential truth that archaeology is an exciting quest—the quest for knowledge about ourselves and our past.”
解题思路:题目说电影为考古学家的工作提供了真实的画面。原文的表述是:相反,这些描述(指上句所说的电影)和现实差距甚远(far from reality such portrayals are),因此很明显答案应为FALSE。
Question 17
答案:YES
关键词:anthropolo?gist
定位原文:第4段第1句至第3句“Anthropology, at its broadest, … from other societies.”
解题思路:题目说人类学家从不止一个角度来定义文化。而文中恰好从广义和狭义来定义文化,故正确答案为TRUE。
Question 18
答案:NOT GIVEN
关键词:anthropology
定位原文:无
解题思路:题目说考古学比人类学要求更加苛刻。原文当中没有提到题目中的内容,因此答案为NOT GIVEN。
Question 19
答案:NO
关键词:Europe, 3,000 BC
定位原文:第8段最后一句“Conventional historical sources begin only with the introduction of written records around 3,000 BC in western Asia, and much later in most other parts of the world.”
解题思路:题目说的是欧洲的历史自公元前3000年就有记录了。原文中的表述是传统的历史始于公元前3000左右西亚的文字记载,而世界的其他大多数地区的历史要比这晚很多。因此答案为FALSE。
Question 20-21
答案:DE (IN EITHER ORDER)
关键词:anthropology
定位原文:第4段最后1句“Anthropology is thus a broad discipline so broad that it is generally broken down into three smaller disciplines: physical anthropology, cultural anthropology and archaeology.”
第5段首句“Physical anthropology, or biological anthropology as it is also called, concerns the study of human biological or physical characteristics and how they evolved.”
解题思路:该题的要求是从A—E五个选项中选出文中提到的两个关于人类学的陈述。根据文章结构分別在第4段最后1句及第5段首句找到答案即选项D和E。
Question 22-23
答案:CD (IN EITHER ORDER)
关键词:tasks/archaeologist
定位原文:第7段
解题思路:该题的要求是从A-E五个选项中选出文中提到的两个考古学家的任务。根据文章结构可以在原文第7段当中找到答案,分别为选项C及选项D。
Question 24
答案:oral histories
关键词:written records/equally valuable
定位原文:原文倒数第2段最后1句“… but in no way lessens the importance of the useful information contained in oral histories.”
解题思路:这句话中和written records形成对应的只有原文倒数第2段最后一句中的oral histories词组。
Question 25-26
答案:humanistic study/historical discipline
关键词:archaeology
定位原文:最后1段第1句“Since the aim of archaeology is the understanding of humankind, it is a humanistic study, and since it deals with the human past, it is a historical discipline.”
解题思路:根据定位信息可知,答案为humanistic study或historical discipline。
Question 27
答案:scientist
关键词:compare/style
定位原文:最后1段倒数第2句“In this respect, the practice of the archaeologist is rather like that of the scientist, who collects data, conducts experiments, formulates a hypothesis, tests the hypothesis against more data, and then, in conclusion, devises a model that seems best to summarise the pattern observed in the data.”
解题思路:原文最后1段倒数第2句很明显的告诉我们,被作者用来和考古学家进行比较的只有一种人即科学家。因此答案为scientist。
Question 28
答案:iv
关键词:无
定位原文:section A
解题思路:文中说到在经济发达的社会,每一个卫生系统都需要做出决定:在卫生保健方面投入资源应占社会全部资源的多大比例……什么形式的治疗是最节省成本的?由此可见原文首段均在围绕发达国家共同面对的问题进行阐述,所以答案为选项iv。
Question 29
答案:i
关键词:无
定位原文:Section C 第1句“However, at exactly the same time as this new realisation of the finite character of health-care resources was sinking in, an awareness of a contrary kind was developing in Western societies: that people have a basic right to health-care as a necessary condition of a proper human life.”
解题思路:首句的主要意思是:然而,就在这种认为卫生资源是有限的新思想销声匿迹的同时,一种相反的思想在西方社会发展起来了。这种思想认为享受卫生保健是人们的一项基本权利(basic right),而这种权利是人们正常生活的必要条件。直到该段末句,,因此答案为选项i。
Question 30
答案:iii
关键词:无
定位原文:Section D 第2句“It is also accepted that this right generates an obligation or duty for the state to ensure that adequate heath-care resources are provided out of the public purse.”
解题思路:该段第2句的表述是:还有一个观点也是被普遍接受的:这种权利使得国家有义务有责任确保从公共预算中划拨足够的资金提供卫生服务。该段由此直到末句都在阐述国家在保障医疗服务中的应承担的义务及扮演的角色,因此答案为选项iii。
Question 31
答案:v
关键词:无
定位原文:Section E 第2句“The second set of more specific changes that have led to the present concern about the distribution of heath-care resources stem from the dramatic rise in heath costs in most OECD countries…”
解题思路:该段第2句的表述为:大多数经合发展组织的国家的卫生费用急剧增加,这再一次引发了一系列改变,使人们开始关注医疗卫生资源的分配问题。下面内容均是针对该句所举的具体例子及这一系列改变带来的结果或影响,因此答案为选项v。
Question 32
答案:B
关键词:resources/limited
定位原文:Section B第2句至第4句“Thus, in the 1950s and 1960s,… 'limits to growth'”
解题思路:题目说人们意识到医疗资源是有限的。原文中“在20世纪50年代和60年代,西方社会出现了一种意识:化石燃料能源的供应资源是有限的,……换句话说,我们开始意识到一个显而易见的事实,就是增长是有限制的。”因此答案为B。
Question 33
答案:B
关键词:rise/cost
定位原文:Section E 第2句“The second set of more specific changes…consumers of health-care resources.”
解题思路:题目说医疗保健费用的急剧上涨。原文“大规模的人口数量及社会的变化导致大多数经济合作发展组织的国家的卫生费用急剧增加,这再一次引发了一系列改变,使人们开始关注医疗卫生资源的分配问题。”结合例子当中的时间,得出答案即选项B。
Question 34
答案:A
关键词:belief/economic growth
定位原文:Section B最后一句“Looking back, it now seems quite incredible that in the national health systems that emerged in many countries in the years immediately after the 1939-45 World War, ... ”
解题思路:题目中说到一种观点:经济的增长能够产生所有人们所需的医疗资源。原文“回溯起来,有一个观点现在看来不可思议:在1939年到1945年的世界大战结束后的几年内,很多国家建立了国民卫生体系,人们认为这样的国民卫生体系至少在理论上能够满足任何人群的所有基础卫生需求,经济增长中‘看不见的手’将提供一切所需”因此答案为A。
Question 35
答案:B
关键词:guaranteeing/provision
定位原文:Section D第2句及第3句“It is also accepted that this right generates an obligation or duty for the state to ensure that adequate health-care resources are provided out of the public purse. The state has no obligation to provide a health-care system itself, but to ensure that such a system is provided.”
解题思路:题目的意思是接受国家在提供医疗保障中的角色。原文“还有一个观点也是被普遍接受的:这种权利使得国家有义务有责任确保从公共预算中划拨足够的资金提供卫生服务。国家本身没有义务去建立卫生健康体系,但是有义务去保证这样一个体系的存在。”结合该段首句中的时间1970s,答案为选项B。
Question 36
答案:NO
关键词:Personal liberty
定位原文:Section C最后两句“People are not in a position to exercise personal liberty and to be self-determining if they are poverty-stricken, or deprived of basic education, or do not live within a context of law and order. In the same way, basic health-care is a condition of the exercise of autonomy.”
解题思路:文中说到如果为贫穷而苦恼,或者被剥夺了基础教育,或者没有生活在法律法规的框架下,那么人们就不能拥有个人自由,自主行事。同样,基础卫生保健也是人实现自由的一个条件。很明显个人自由和医疗保健是密切相关的,因此答案为NO。
Question 37
答案:YES
关键词:right, limits
定位原文:Section C第1句“However, at exactly the same time as this new realisation of the finite character of health-care resources was sinking in, an awareness of a contrary kind was developing in Western societies: that people have a basic right to health-care as a necessary condition of a proper human life.”
解题思路:原文表达的意思是:就在人们开始了解到医疗资源是有限的同时,一种相反的思想在西方社会发展起来了。这种思想认为享受卫生保健是人们的一项基本权利,而种权利是人们正常生活的必要条件。原文和题目的表述一致,因此答案为YES。
Question 38
答案:YES
关键词:OECD countries
定位原文:Section E第2句“The second set of more specific changes…consumers of health-care resources.”
解题思路:文中说到大规模的人口数量及社会的变化导致大多数经济合作发展组织的国家的卫生费用急剧增加,这再一次引发了一系列改变,使人们开始关注医疗卫生资源的分配问题。与题干中说的“近年来,OECD国家人口数量的改变对医疗费用产生了影响”一致,故答案为YES。
Question 39
答案:NOT GIVEN
关键词:OECD government
定位原文:Section E
解题思路:题干中说OECD国家的政府一直低估了医疗供应的需求程度。根据大写字母词汇OECD定位到原文E段,该段没有提到题目中的内容,因此答案为NOT GIVEN。
Question 40
答案:GIVEN
关键词:Economically developed countries, elderly
定位原文:E段
解题思路:题干中说在大多数经济发达国家,老年人将不得不为他们的未来医疗做一些特殊的准备。原文中E段提到了elderly people,但是没有提到题目中的内容,因此答案为NOT GIVEN。
以上是小编为大家带来的剑桥雅思阅读翻译4Test4,希望以上内容能够对大家有帮助。