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一、考试概述：
本次考试三篇文章难度适中，第一篇文章是新题，讲的是秘鲁的怪图，题型搭配则中规中矩， 是判断填空。第二篇鸟类的迁徙，剑桥中有许多关于动物类的文章，可以参考C7T3P1。 第三篇与味蕾相关，介绍了关于味蕾的一些科学研究，剑桥类似文章可参考C8T2P3。
二、具体题目分析
Passage 1 ：
题目：秘鲁怪图
内容：通过猜测图片含义揭示玛雅人消失的原因
题型：判断8道+填空5道
参考答案：
判断题
1. 关于这个怪图有很多种猜测T
2. 人们至今仍相信某德国科学家的理论F
3. 后来两个科学家联合的考察研究是所有研究里是最全面详尽的NG
6.科学研究证明某一种图样是让人walk along F
7.a link 莫某和口水的重要性T
(仅供参考)
他们的pottery是彩色的，因为运用了一些材料生活方式很绿色，会把rubbish放进建筑材料里会使用wells井来获取地下水，会剥开stones ,露出下面的sand
Passage 2 ：
题目：Bird Migration 内容：鸟类的走
题型：段落主旨匹配7道+多选2道+填空4道
Bird Migration
A Birds have many unique design features that enable them to perform such amazing feats of endurance. They are equipped with lightweight, hollow bones, intricately designed feathers providing both lift and thrust for rapid flight, navigation systems superior to any that man has developed, and an ingenious heat conserving design that, among other things, concentrates all blood circulation beneath layers of warm, waterproof plumage, leaving them fit to face life in the harshest of climates. Their respiratory systems have to perform efficiently during sustained flights at altitude, so they have a system of extracting oxygen from their lungs that far exceeds that of any other animal. During the later stages of the summer breeding season, when food is plentiful, their bodies are able to accumulate considerable layers of fat, in order to provide sufficient energy for their long migratory flights.
B The fundamental reason that birds migrate is to find adequate food during the winter months when it is in short supply. This particularly applies to birds that breed in the temperate and Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, where food is abundant during the short growing season. Many species can tolerate cold temperatures if food is plentiful, but when food is not available they must migrate. However, intriguing questions remain.
C One puzzling fact is that many birds journey much further than would be necessary just to find food and good weather. Nobody knows, for instance, why British swallows, which could presumably survive equally well if they spent the winter in equatorial Africa, instead fly several thousands of miles further to their preferred winter home in South Africa Cape Province. Another mystery involves the huge migrations performed by arctic terns and mudflat-feeding shorebirds that breed close to Polar Regions. In general, the further north a migrant species breeds, the further south it spends the winter. For arctic terns this necessitates an annual round trip of 25,000 miles. Yet, en route to their final destination in far-flung southern latitudes, all these individuals overfly other areas of seemingly suitable habitat spanning two hemispheres. While we may not fully understand birds’ reasons for going to particular places, we can marvel at their feats.
D One of the greatest mysteries is how young birds knowhow to find the traditional wintering areas without parental guidance. Very few adults migrate with juveniles in tow, and youngsters ma^ even have little or no inkling of their parents' appearance . A familiar example is that of the cuckoo, which
lays its eggs in another species' nest and never encounters its young again. It is mind boggling to consider that, once raised by its host species, the young cuckoo makes it own way to ancestral wintering grounds in the tropics before returning single-handedly to northern Europe the next season to seek out a mate among its own kind. The obvious implication is that it inherits from its parents an inbuilt route map and direction-finding capability, as well as a mental image of what another cuckoo looks like. Yet nobody has the slightest idea as to how this is possible.
E Mounting evidence has confirmed that birds use the positions of the sun and stars to obtain compass directions. They seem also to be able to detect the earths magnetic field, probably due to having minute crystals of magnetite in the region of their brains. However, true navigation also requires an awareness of position and time, especially when lost. Experiments have shown that after being taken thousands of miles over an unfamiliar landmass, birds are still capable of returning rapidly to nest sites. Such phenomenal powers are the product of computing a number of sophisticated cues, including an inborn map of the night sky and the pull of the earths magnetic field. How the birds use their ‘instruments’ remains unknown, but one thing is clear: they see the world with a superior sensory perception to ours. Most small birds migrate at night and take their direction from the position of the setting sun. However, as well as seeing the sun go down, they also seem to see the plane of polarized light caused by it, which calibrates their compass. Traveling at night provides other benefits. Daytime predators are avoided and the danger of dehydration due to flying for long periods in warm, sunlit skies is reduced. Furthermore, at night the air is generally cool and less turbulent and so conducive to sustained, stable flight.
F Nevertheless, all journeys involve considerable risk, and part of the skill in arriving safely is setting off at the right time. This means accurate weather forecasting, and utilizing favorable winds. Birds are adept at both, and, in laboratory tests, some have been shown to detect the minute difference in barometric pressure between the floor and ceiling of a room.*-Often birds react to weather changes before there is any visible sign of them. Lapwings, which feed on grassland, flee west from the Netherlands to the British Isles, France and Spain at the onset of a cold snap. When the ground surface freezes the birds could starve. Yet they return to Holland ahead of a thaw, their arrival linked to a pressure change pressing an improvement in the weather.
G In one instance a Welsh Manx shearwater carried to America and released was back in its burrow on Skokholm Island, off the Pembrokeshire coast, one day before alerter announcing its release!
Conversely, each autumn a small number of North American birds are blown across the Atlantic by fast-moving westerly tail winds. Not only do they arrive safely in Europe, but, based on ringing evidence, some make it back to North America the following spring, after probably is spending the winter with European migrants in sunny African climes.
Question 14-20
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. Write the correct number, i-x, in boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet
List of headings
i The best moment to mi grate
ii The unexplained rejection of closer feeding ground
iii The influence of weather on the migration route
iv Physical characteristics that allow birds to migrate
v The main reason why birds migrate
vi The best wintering grounds for birds
vii Research findings on how birds migrate
viii Successful migration despite trouble of wind
ix Contrast between long-distance migration and short-distance migration
x Mysterious migration despite lack of teaching
14. Paragraph A — iv
15. Paragraph B — v
16. Paragraph C — ii
17. Paragraph D —x
18. Paragraph E —vii
19. Paragraph F --- i
20. Paragraph G --- viii
Question 21-22
Choose TWO letters, A-E. Write the correct letters in boxes 21 and 22 on your answer sheet. Which TWO of the following statements are true of bird migration? AC
A. Birds often fly further than they need to.
B. Birds traveling in family groups are safe.
C. Birds flying at night need less water.
D. Birds have much sharper eye-sight than humans
E. Only shorebirds are resistant to strong winds.
Question 23-26
Complete the sentences below using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage. Write your answers in boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet.
23. It is a great mystery that young birds like cuckoos can find their wintering grounds without parental guidance.
24. Evidence shows birds can tell directions like a compass by observing the sun and the stars.
25. One advantage for birds flying at night in that they can avoid contact with predators
26. Laboratory tests show that birds can detect weather without visible signs.
(仅供参考)
Passage 3 ：
题目：Taste Buds
内容：味蕾感和味道区域划分
题型：填空6道+判断4道+选择3道
Summary
苦味可以判断食物decay ,甜可以安全可吃consumption ,以前的人收集食物很危险，因为有狮子等predators
单选
作者描写某Z科学家的实验，目的是证明之前的理论错了
作者写这篇文章的目的是为了告诉读者一顷研究结果