雅思考试要想取得高分,考生们需要在复习的时候多做些雅思真题,为了帮助大家更好的备考,小编下面为大家带来了剑桥雅思4阅读解析,供大家参考学习。
Question 18
答案:YES
关键词:550,000
定位原文:第2段第4句话“The 550,000 consultations with alternative therapists reported in the 1990 survey represented about an eighth of…”
解题思路:题干这句话刚好和定位句的“The 550,000 consultations with alternative therapists”表达的是同样的意思,因此是正确的。
Question 19
答案:YES
关键词:had a higher opinion of...
定位原文:第2段最后一句“The high standing of professionals, including doctors, has been eroded as a consequence.”
解题思路:这句话说的是包括医生在内的专业人士的崇高地位也就大打折扣。这句话的含义就是澳大利亚人以前对医生等专业人士有较高的评价,而现在这种观点已经遭受损害。
Question 20
答案:YES
关键词:Australian doctors
定位原文:第3段第1句“Rather than resisting or criticising this trend, increasing numbers of Australian doctors, particularly younger ones, are forming group practices with alternative therapists or taking courses themselves, particularly in acupuncture and herbalism.”
解题思路:这句话表明澳大利亚正统医生正在接受另类疗法培训,相对于以前他们接受的正统医疗培训来说,这次培训无疑是一种再培训。
Question 21
答案:NOT GIVEN
关键词:salaries
定位原文:第3段
解题思路:并不存在的比较关系是TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN题解题的一条黄金法则。尤其当作者将两者进行简单肤浅比较的时候,一般答案都是NOT GIVEN。文中没有任何地方提到两种医生的薪水,因此正确答案是NOT GIVEN。
Question 22
答案:YES
关键词:1993/289
定位原文:第4段首句和第二句“In 1993, Dr Laver and his colleagues published a survey of 289 Sydney people who attended eight alternative therapists' practices in Sydney. These practices offered a wide range of alternative therapies from 25 therapists.”
解题思路:89名病患去看病的这8家诊所提供各种各样的另类疗法服务,这其中也许包括针灸疗法,但是如果说这289名病人都是去做针灸的,就未免有些以偏概全了。
Question 23
答案:NO
关键词:1993/long-term
定位原文:第4段第3句“Those surveyed had experienced chronic illnesses, for which orthodox medicine had been able to provide little relief.”
解题思路:chronic是“长期的,慢性的”意思,complaints在此处不是“抱怨,投诉”的意思,而是指疾病。
Question 24
答案:emotional/emotional problems
关键词:10%-15%
定位原文:第5段第1句“12% suffer from digestive problems, which is only 1% more than those suffering from emotional problems.”
解题思路:目测该数字应该在10%和15%之间,在第五段寻找这样一个数字,结果发现12%所对应的是digestive一词,但是,很快我们会发现Digestive已经出现在了表格上,所以答案应该是比12%少一个百分点的emotional/emotional problems。
Question 25
答案:headache
关键词:5%-10%
定位原文:第5段最后一句“Headache sufferers and those complaining of general ill health represent 6% and 5% of patients respectively…”
解题思路:该疾病所对应的数字应该在5%和10%之间,而且应该比第26空更接近10%。所以可以回第五段找两个相近并且都接近10%的数字,结果发现了6%和5%,故此空应该填:headache。
Question 26
答案:general ill health
关键词:5%
定位原文:第5段最后一句“Headache sufferers and those complaining of general ill health represent 6% and 5% of patients respectively…”
解题思路:该疾病对应数字是5%,故应该填general ill health。
Question 27
答案:H
关键词:unusual connection
定位原文:H段最后1句“By allowing link-ups between brain areas that might not normally communicate with each other, play may enhance creativity.”
解题思路:link-up等于connection,后面的play may enhance creativity证明这种不寻常的联系是有好处的。
Question 28
答案:F
关键词:record/time
定位原文:F段第2句“If you plot the amount of time...”
解题思路:这个heading的意思是由记录小动物玩耍的时间而得到的见解,关键词是时间,回到文章当中寻找对应词时,只有这个段落提到了时间。plot一词是用图表记录的意思,在这里就等同于record。
Question 29
答案:A
关键词:physical hazard
定位原文:A段第4句之后“For a start, play can even cost animals their lives. Eighty per cent of deaths among juvenile fur seals…”
解题思路:问题是问哪一段包含有对玩要带来的危险的描述。文章中只有在第一段中谈到了玩要可能带来的危险,而且还举出了小海狗的例子来说明这种危险的存在。
Question 30
答案:H
关键词:mental/exercise/develop
定位原文:H段前3句“Not only is more of the brain involved in play than was suspected, but it also seems to activate higher… and rules.”
解题思路:mental activity是大脑活动的意思,问题问的是在玩耍过程当中,哪些大脑活动得到了练习和发展。
Question 31
答案:I
关键词:effects/reduction
定位原文:I段首句和2句“What might further experimentation… with their peers.”
解题思路:问题问得是哪一段包含了这样的内容:减少玩耍机会可能对儿童造成的影响。在最后一段中,作者谈到了被剥夺了玩耍机会的小老鼠大脑就发育的不好,并且用一个设问句表明了他对人类儿童的忧虑。而且一般来讲,含有effect的段意都是对应文章的最后一段。
Question 32
答案:B
关键词:class/animals
定位原文:B段第4句“Playfulness, it seems, is common only among mammals...”
解题思路:B段中提到了玩要在哺乳动物中很普遍,而且在有些鸟类当中也存在,即提到了各种各样的动物。一些同学会在E段当中看到fifteen orders of mammals一词,不过仔细读下来,E段的主要意思是在讲哺乳动物中大脑大小和玩耍之间的关系,并不是说玩耍对哪种动物重要。故答案选B。
Question 33-35
答案:ACF(IN EITHER ORDER)
Question 33
答案:A
关键词:rehearsal/adult
定位原文:B段倒数第2句“A popular explanation of play has been that it helps juvenile develop the skills they will need to hunt, mate and socialize as adults.”
解题思路:这段中提到了帮助青少年培养作为成年人需要的一些技能,所以A选项正确。
Question 34
答案:C
关键词:build up strength
定位原文:B 段最后一句“Another has been that it allows young animals to get in shape for adult life...”
解题思路:“使年轻的动物保持体形”与C选项对应。
Question 35
答案:F
关键词:organ growth
定位原文:E段首句:“...reported that there is a strong positive link between brain size and playfulness…”
解题思路:“在脑部大小与玩耍之间有正面的关联”与F选项对应。
Question 36
答案:B
关键词:Robert Barton
定位原文:E段倒数第2句和末句 “Robert Barton of Durham University …I concluded it's to do with learning,and with the importance of environmental data to...”
解题思路:Barton认为玩耍与学习有关,也与大脑发育过程中环境资料的重要性有关。Environmental data可以与physical surroundings对应。
Question 37
答案:G
关键词:Marc Becoff
定位原文:G 段第4句“Bekoff likens it to a behavioural kaleidoscope...”
解题思路:Becoff将玩耍比喻为一个行为万花筒,这句话也就是说在玩耍当中动物会做出各种各样的举动,正好和G选项中的a wide range of相对应。
Question 38
答案:E
关键词:John Byers
定位原文:C段第2句“Byers points out that the benefits of increased exercise disappear rapidly after training stops, so...”
解题思路:Byers认为训练一结束,由增强训练所带来的好处就跟着迅速消失了,无论什么种群的动物,玩耍都倾向于在哺乳期的中期达到顶峰,然后则开始走了下坡路。这就与E答案观点—致。
Question 39
答案:D
关键词:Sergio Pellis
定位原文:E段第1句“...reported that there is a strong positive link between brain size and playfulness among mammals in general.”
解题思路:Pellis认为哺乳动物的玩耍量与他们大脑的大小往往成正比。所以玩耍比较少的动物脑子也比较小。
Question 40
答案:A
关键词:Stephen Siviy
定位原文:H段第6句“Siviy studied how bouts of play affected the brain's levels of a particular chemical associated with..”
解题思路:Siviy认为玩耍能够影响大脑中一种特殊化学物质,这种物质会刺激神经细胞生长。答案选A。
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