以往雅思考试真题是大部分考生备考雅思的重要资料，大家可以通过了解考试真题来了解雅思考试的难度及题型构成，本文小编为大家带来了16年9月24雅思阅读，大家可以来了解一下。
第一篇：村庄储存雨水的活动
主要分析：
阅读题型的种类和难度一向非常稳定，有所变化的只是各种题型分配的比例。从整体上来说，阅读考试的出题思路和趋势主要趋向于加大做题代价，主要方式是：审题时间，要想做出一道题来，需要大量时间去找，找到之后，需要进行大量同义转换，才能与题目中的选项match上，同时选项之间还比较像，比较容易在2-3个选项间徘徊。所以判断题的比例在慢慢减小，而matching题依然是雷打不动的主流题型，单选题多选题以及List of headings的题目虽然比例不大，但是选项之间越来越趋于说不同的事情，或者一个事情的不同方面，这样所有的选项就都跟原文信息沾一点边，只是切入点不同而已。这样，即使在“找”这个层面不用费什么事，但在做题时所需要耗费的时间会非常多，且容易增加考生的心理负担和不确定性，影响整体的发挥。
参考文章：
Rainwater Harvesting
For two years southern Sri Lanka suffered a prolonged drought, described by locals as "the worst in 50 years". Some areas didn't see a successful crop for four or five consecutive seasons. Livestock died, water in wells dropped to dangerously low levels, children were increasingly malnourished and school attendance has fallen. An estimated 1.6 million people were affected.
A Muthukandiya is a village in Moneragala district, one of the drought-stricken areas in the "dry zone" of southern Sri Lanka, where half the country’s population of 18 million lives. Rainfall in the area varies greatly from year to year, often bringing extreme dry spells in between monsoons. But this drought was much worse than usual. Despite some rain in November, only half of Moneragala’s 1,400 tube wells in working order by March. The drought devastated supplies of rice and freshwater fish, the staple diet of inland villages. Many local industries closed down and villagers headed for the towns in search of work.
B The villagers of Muthukandiya arrived in the 1970s as part of a government resettlement scheme. Each family was given six acres of land, with no irrigation system. Because crop production, which relies entirely on rainfall，is insufficient to support most families, the village economy relies on men and women working as day-labourers in nearby sugar-cane plantations. Three wells have been dug to provide domestic water, but these run dry for much of the year. Women and children may spend several hours each day walking up to three miles (five kilometres) to fetch water for drinking, washing and cooking.
C In 1998, communities in the district discussed water problems with Practical Action South Asia. What followed was a drought mitigation initiative based on a low-cost "rainwater harvesting" technology already used in Sri Lanka and elsewhere in the region. It uses tanks to collect and store rain channeled by gutters and pipes as it runs off the roofs of houses.
D Despite an indigenous tradition of rain-water harvesting and irrigation systems going back to the third century BC, policy-makers in modern times have often overlooked the value of such technologies and it is only recently that officials have taken much interest in household-level structures.
Government and other programs have, however, been top-down in their conception and application, installing tanks free of charge without providing training in the skills needed to build and maintain them properly. Practical Action South Asia's project deliberately took a different approach, aiming to build up a local skills base among builders and users of the tanks, and to create structures and systems so that communities can manage their own rain water harvesting schemes.
E The community of Muthukandiya was involved throughout. Two meetings were held where villagers analyzed their water problems, developed a mitigation plan and selected the rainwater harvesting technology. Two local masons received several days' on-the-job training in building the 5,000 litre household storage tanks: surface tanks out of retro-cement and underground tanks out of brick. Each system, including tank, pipes, gutters and filters, cost US $195 - equivalent to a month's income for an average village family. Just over half the cost was provided by the community, in the form of materials and unskilled labor. Practical Action South Asia contributed the rest, including cement, transport and payment for the skilled labor. Households learned how to use and maintain the tanks, and the whole community was trained to keep domestic water supplies clean. A village rainwater harvesting society was set up to run the project. To date, 37 families in and around Muthukandiya have storage tanks. Evaluations show clearly that households with rainwater storage tanks have considerably more water for domestic needs than households relying entirely on wells and ponds. During the driest months, households relying entirely on wells and ponds. During the driest months, households with tanks may have up to twice as much water available. Their water is much cleaner, too.
F Nandawathie, a widow in the village, has taken full advantage of the opportunities that rainwater harvesting has brought her family. With a better water supply now close at hand, she began by growing a few vegetables. The income from selling these helped her to open a small shop on her doorstep. This increased herearnings still further, enabling her to apply for a loan to install solar power in her house. She is now thinking of building another tank in her garden so that she can grow more vegetables. Nandawathie also feels safer now that she no longer has to fetch water from the village well in the early morning or late evening. She says that her children no longer complain so much of diarrhoea. And her daughter Sandamalee has more time for school work.
G In the short term, and on a small scale, the project has clearly been a success. The challenge lies in making such initiatives sustainable, and expending their coverage. At a purely technical level, rainwater harvesting is evidently sustainable. In Muthukandiya, the skills required to build and maintain storage tanks were taught fairly easily, and can be shared by the two trained masons, who are now finding work with other development agencies in the district.
H The non-structural elements of the work, especially its financial and organizational sustainability, present a bigger challenge. A revolving fund was set up，with households that had already benefited agreeing to contribute a small monthly amount to pay for maintenance, repairs and new tanks. However, it appears that the revolving fund concept was not fully understood and it has proved difficult to get households to contribute. Recovering costs from interventions that do not generate income directly will always be a difficult proposition, although this can be overcome if the process is explained more fully at the outset.
I The Muthukandiya initiative was planned as a demonstration project, to show that community-based drought mitigation through rainwater harvesting was feasible. Several other organizations have begun their own projects using the same approach. The feasibility of introducing larger tanks is being investigated.
J However, a lot of effort and patience are needed to generate the interest, develop the skills and organize the management structures needed to implement sustainable community-based projects. It will probably be some time before rainwater harvesting technologies can spread rapidly a spontaneously across the district's villages, without external support.
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