66. The Federal Reserve Board's reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions is both an acknowledgment of past economic trends and an effort to influence their future direction.
(A) reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions is both an acknowledgment of past
economic trends and an effort
(B) reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions is an acknowledgment both of past
economic trends as well as an effort
(C) reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions both acknowledge past economic trends and attempt
(D) reducing interest rates on loans to financial institutions is an acknowledgment both of past economic trends and an effort
(E) reducing interest rates on loans to financial institutions both acknowledge past economic trends as well as attempt
67. Congress is debating a bill requiring certain employers provide workers with unpaid leave so as to care for sick or newbom children.
(A) provide workers with unpaid leave so as to
(B) to provide workers with unpaid leave so as to
(C) provide workers with unpaid leave in order that they
(D) to provide workers with unpaid leave so that they can
(E) provide workers with unpaid leave and
68. Often visible as smog, ozone is formed in the atmosphere from hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, two major pollutants emitted by automobiles, react with sunlight.
(A) ozone is formed in the atmosphere from
(B) ozone is formed in the atmosphere when
(C) ozone is formed in the atmosphere, and when
(D) ozone, formed in the atmosphere when
(E) ozone, formed in the atmosphere from
69. Although she had signed a pledge of abstinence while being an adolescent. Frances Willard was 35 years old before she chose to become a temperance activist.
(A) while being an adolescent
(B) while in adolescence
(C) at the time of her being adolescent
(D) as being in adolescence
(E) as an adolescent
70. A President entering the final two years of a second term is likely to be at a severe disadvantage and is often unable to carry out a legislative program.
(A) likely to be at a severe disadvantage and is often unable to
(B) likely severely disadvantaged and often unable to
(C) liable to be severely disadvantaged and cannot often
(D) liable that he or she is at a severe disadvantage and cannot often
(E) at a severe disadvantage, often likely to be unable that he or she can
Answer to Question 66
Choice A is best. In B, both must come before acknowledgment if it is to link acknowledgment and effort; as
misplaced here, it creates the unfulfilled expectation that the reduction of interest rates will be an acknowledgment
of two different things. Moreover, both... as well as ... is redundant: the correct idiom is both x and y. In C, the plural
verbs acknowledge and attempt do not agree with their singular subject, reduction; also, it is imprecise to
characterize a reduction as performing actions such as acknowledging or attempting. In both D and E, the use of the
participle reducing rather than the noun reduction is awkward. Like B, D misplaces both, while E repeats both the redundancy of B and the agreement error of C.
Answer to Question 67
Choices A, C, and E are ungrammatical because, in this context, requiring ... employers must be followed by an infinitive. These options display additional faults: in A, so as to fails to specify that the workers receiving the leave will be the people caring for the infants and children; in order that they, as used in C, is imprecise and unidiomatic; and E says that the bill being debated would require the employers themselves to care for the children. Choice B offers the correct infinitive, to provide, but contains the faulty so as to. Choice D is best.
Answer to Question 68
In choice A, the construction from hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides ... react is ungrammatical. In B, the best choice, the conjunction when replaces the preposition/row, producing a grammatical and logical statement. In choice C, the use of the conjunction and results in the illogical assertion that the formation of ozone in the atmosphere happens in addition to, rather than as a result of, its formation when hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxide react with sunlight. Choice D omits the main verb, is, leaving a sentence fragment. E compounds the error of D with that of A.
Answer to Question 69
Choices A, B, and D are unidiomatic. Choice C is awkward and wordy; furthermore, the phrase at the time of her being adolescent suggests that Willard's adolescence lasted only for a brief, finite moment rather than for an extended period of time. Choice E, idiomatic and precise, is the best answer.
Answer to Question 70
Choice A is best. Choice B lacks the necessary infinitive after likely. In B and C, disadvantaged, which often means "hampered by substandard economic and social conditions," is less precise than at a disadvantage. In C and D,cannot often carry out suggests that a President with limited time suffers only from an inability to achieve legislative goals frequently, not from a frequent inability to achieve them at all. In C, liable, followed by an infinitive, can legitimately be used to express probability with a bad outcome, but C is otherwise flawed as noted. D's liable and E's unable should be followed by an infinitive rather than by a relative clause beginning with that.
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